本文選題：充填巖溶 + 塌方機(jī)理　； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)可溶巖地層廣泛分布,特殊的賦存環(huán)境與地質(zhì)營(yíng)力作用形成了具有獨(dú)特物理力學(xué)特性的充填巖溶地質(zhì)。由于充填巖溶地質(zhì)研究中存在一系列問(wèn)題與工程地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的特殊性,目前對(duì)充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方機(jī)理相關(guān)研究涉及較少。隨著隧道工程在巖溶區(qū)大規(guī)模修建,充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方災(zāi)害與防控問(wèn)題日益突出,亟需開(kāi)展充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方機(jī)理與防控技術(shù)研究,為充填巖溶區(qū)隧道建設(shè)與運(yùn)營(yíng)提供理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。本文以陽(yáng)靈隧道充填巖溶地質(zhì)為研究對(duì)象,綜合運(yùn)用數(shù)值模擬、理論分析、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)等技術(shù)手段,研究了充填巖溶體不同規(guī)模、不同空間位置狀態(tài)下及不同力學(xué)參數(shù)條件下圍巖塑性區(qū)規(guī)模發(fā)展分布特性,揭示了充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖突變式塌方與漸進(jìn)式塌方機(jī)理,針對(duì)兩種災(zāi)變模式研究了充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方防控技術(shù)。論文主要研究成果如下:(1)結(jié)合陽(yáng)靈隧道區(qū)域工程地質(zhì)與水文地質(zhì),分析了巖溶發(fā)育條件,運(yùn)用地質(zhì)理論研究了陽(yáng)靈隧道巖溶賦存特征;結(jié)合地質(zhì)力學(xué)及隧道施工力學(xué)分析了充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方影響因素,采用層次分析法確定了充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方主要影響因素,在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用正交試驗(yàn)方法得到了充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方主要影響因素的顯著性。(2)基于充填巖溶體賦存特征及其對(duì)隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性影響顯著性分析,建立FLAC3D數(shù)值模型研究了充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖位移、應(yīng)力及塑性區(qū)發(fā)展分布規(guī)律,揭示了充填巖溶區(qū)突變式塌方與漸進(jìn)式塌方兩類圍巖破壞失穩(wěn)機(jī)理。(3)基于突變理論研究了突變式塌方機(jī)理,構(gòu)建了關(guān)鍵巖層的尖點(diǎn)突變模型,導(dǎo)出了關(guān)鍵巖層失穩(wěn)破壞的力學(xué)判據(jù),揭示了突變式塌方圍巖位移與塑性區(qū)體積的突跳性、滯后性及多模態(tài)特性,并結(jié)合薄板理論與經(jīng)典強(qiáng)度理論導(dǎo)出了最小關(guān)鍵巖層厚度經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式。(4)采用控制變量法研究了漸進(jìn)式塌方機(jī)理,分析了漸進(jìn)式塌方圍巖位移、應(yīng)力及塑性區(qū)發(fā)展分布規(guī)律,揭示其漸進(jìn)破壞與滯后性特性;歸納了充填巖溶體與斷層兩因素對(duì)漸進(jìn)式塌方規(guī)模三種控制狀態(tài)。(5)基于充填巖溶體賦存特征與塌方機(jī)理,研究了充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方防控技術(shù),針對(duì)突變式塌方提出了不良地質(zhì)體定位和巖體加固與超前支護(hù)技術(shù),針對(duì)漸進(jìn)式塌方提出了不良地質(zhì)體定位和信息化施工技術(shù);針對(duì)充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方控制問(wèn)題提出了塌方應(yīng)急措施與塌方體治理技術(shù)。基于充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方控制技術(shù)研究成果,提出了陽(yáng)靈隧道充填巖溶區(qū)圍巖塌方防控技術(shù)方案,并成功應(yīng)用于工程實(shí)踐。
[Abstract]:The karst filling geology with unique physical and mechanical characteristics is formed by the special environment and the action of geological forces, due to the widespread distribution of soluble rock strata in China.Due to the existence of a series of problems in the study of filling karst geology and the particularity of engineering geological disasters, there are few researches on the mechanism of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area.With the large-scale construction of tunnel engineering in karst area, the problems of landslide disaster and prevention and control of surrounding rock in filling karst area are becoming more and more serious, so it is urgent to carry out research on mechanism and prevention and control technology of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area.To provide theoretical basis and technical support for tunnel construction and operation in karst filling area.Taking the filling karst geology of Yangling tunnel as the research object, this paper studies the different scale of filling karst body by means of numerical simulation, theoretical analysis, field measurement and so on.Under the condition of different spatial position and different mechanical parameters, the development and distribution characteristics of plastic zone scale of surrounding rock are revealed, and the mechanism of sudden collapse and progressive collapse of surrounding rock in filling karst area is revealed.Based on two catastrophic models, the landslide prevention and control technology of surrounding rock in filling karst area is studied.The main research results are as follows: (1) combining with the regional engineering geology and hydrogeology of Yangling tunnel, the karst development conditions are analyzed, and the karst occurrence characteristics of Yangling tunnel are studied by using geological theory.Combined with geomechanics and tunnel construction mechanics, the influencing factors of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area are analyzed, and the main influencing factors of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area are determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP).On the basis of this, the significance of the main influencing factors of the surrounding rock collapse in the filling karst area is obtained by using the orthogonal test method. (2) based on the analysis of the occurrence characteristics of the filling karst body and its influence on the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, the significance of the influence on the stability of the surrounding rock is analyzed.The FLAC3D numerical model is established to study the distribution of displacement, stress and plasticity of surrounding rock in filling karst area.This paper reveals the failure and instability mechanism of two kinds of rock mass in filling karst area: catastrophe collapse and progressive collapse. Based on the catastrophe theory, the catastrophe collapse mechanism is studied, and the cusp catastrophe model of key rock is constructed.The mechanical criteria for the instability and failure of key rock formations are derived, and the sudden jump, hysteresis and multimodal characteristics of the displacement of the sudden collapse surrounding rock and the volume of the plastic zone are revealed.Combined with thin plate theory and classical strength theory, the empirical formula of minimum critical rock thickness is derived. The control variable method is used to study the mechanism of progressive collapse, and the distribution of displacement, stress and plastic zone of progressive collapse surrounding rock is analyzed.The characteristics of progressive failure and hysteresis are revealed, and three control states of progressive collapse scale by two factors of filling karst body and fault are summarized. Based on the occurrence characteristics and collapse mechanism of filling karst body, the prevention and control technology of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area is studied.Aiming at the sudden collapse, the paper puts forward the bad geological body location and rock mass reinforcement and advance support technology, and puts forward the bad geological body positioning and information construction technology for the progressive landslide.According to the control of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area, the emergency measures of landslide and the technique of landslide treatment are put forward.Based on the research results of surrounding rock collapse control technology in filling karst area, the technical scheme of wall rock collapse prevention and control in filling karst area of Yangling tunnel is put forward, and it is successfully applied in engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U458.3

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本文編號(hào)：1760434