本文選題：公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同調(diào)度 + 不確定性　； 參考：《華南理工大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著公共交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和網(wǎng)絡(luò)逐步完善,線路之間的關(guān)聯(lián)性日益增加,同時,旅客期望無縫銜接的高效率運輸需求也與日俱增,對線路間調(diào)度的協(xié)作提出了更高的要求。公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同調(diào)度目的在于提高系統(tǒng)的銜接性,減少乘客旅程時間從而提高公交系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量,是時刻表優(yōu)化的重要一環(huán)。公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)由樞紐節(jié)點通過線路的相互連接而成,不同拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)、以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的每個元素都對公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同調(diào)度的效率存在影響。與軌道交通不同,城市公交在龐大的開放式環(huán)境下運行,現(xiàn)實交通環(huán)境中存在的大量不可避免的不確定因素干擾車輛正常運行。在不確定環(huán)境下,實際車輛運行很難遵循開始制定的基準調(diào)度計劃,導(dǎo)致公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同調(diào)度的效率無法得到充分釋放。有鑒于此,本文提出公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同調(diào)度魯棒性的概念,從“點、線、面”的角度,多層次、全方位探討如何在不確定環(huán)境下提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同調(diào)度的魯棒性,以一體化干擾管理的思想,提出相應(yīng)的控制策略。主要研究工作和成果有以下幾個方面:(1)提出了邊界控制策略,通過整合緩沖時間和滯站控制,將行程時間的不確定性在計劃層和調(diào)度層中聯(lián)合解決。在兩種典型的公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中對比了三種不同的調(diào)度模式:非協(xié)同、準點控制和邊界控制。發(fā)現(xiàn)了緩沖時間與控制邊界的相互耦合作用,并證實了在設(shè)置緩沖時間的計劃層中配合實時邊界控制策略,能有效減少緩沖時間從而提高了效率,并且對延誤不確定性和需求變化的魯棒性較強。(2)在實證研究的基礎(chǔ)上,引入延誤截斷分布的概念,并推導(dǎo)了基于延誤截斷分布的系統(tǒng)成本、換乘失敗率的解析式,定量討論了延誤區(qū)間對最優(yōu)緩沖時間的影響,并分析了公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)對協(xié)同調(diào)度魯棒性的影響,證實了支干型公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同調(diào)度可以在提升服務(wù)水平的同時降低運營成本,其魯棒性優(yōu)于環(huán)形公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)。(3)在第三章的基礎(chǔ)上,探討如何通過運營模式的選擇提升支干型公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同調(diào)度的效益。運用連續(xù)逼近的方法對模型進行簡化,探討了最佳調(diào)度模式選擇的臨界條件,并引入行程時間的不確定性對布線與協(xié)同調(diào)度整合優(yōu)化問題進行了深化。結(jié)果表明需求響應(yīng)型公交在稀疏的地區(qū)比常規(guī)公交更具優(yōu)勢,并且,需求響應(yīng)型公交允許更少的布線從而提高了效率,如果設(shè)計得當,需求響應(yīng)型公交可以在提升服務(wù)水平的同時降低運營成本。(4)針對預(yù)測延誤時間的不確定性,考慮不完全駕駛恢復(fù)及由此引起的延誤傳播效應(yīng),研究了換乘樞紐的實時滯站控制模型。考慮滯站控制對下游線路的影響,以公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)為視角建立了系統(tǒng)成本解析式,并證明了系統(tǒng)成本的結(jié)構(gòu)性質(zhì)。給出了無駕駛恢復(fù)和不完全駕駛恢復(fù)下滯站控制的邊界條件,提出了反映滯站控制策略魯棒性的評價指標,并發(fā)現(xiàn)了引入駕駛恢復(fù)有利于提高滯站控制的魯棒性,而且當上游換乘客流需求增大時,引入駕駛恢復(fù)能帶來用戶和運營者成本節(jié)省的Pareto效應(yīng)。(5)從計劃層角度,采用離散事件仿真方法,進一步研究了如何通過公交走廊站點布設(shè)提高車隊運行的穩(wěn)定性,從而主動的減少延誤發(fā)生。將MTO網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓展為更通用的MTM網(wǎng)絡(luò),使得模型可以考慮更多的因素如乘客下車過程、車載容量、滯留乘客等,提出了基于滯留乘客時空分布圖的穩(wěn)態(tài)系統(tǒng)判定方法,發(fā)現(xiàn)了空間需求異質(zhì)性對公交系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性存在“兩面性”影響,當空間需求分布滿足一定條件時有利于公交運行秩序的“自恢復(fù)”。
[Abstract]:With the development of public transport infrastructure and network gradually improve, correlation between the lines is increasing, at the same time, passengers expect seamless efficient transportation demand also grow with each passing day, put forward higher requirements on the cooperation between lines scheduling. The transit network in order to improve the convergence of collaborative scheduling of the system, reduce the time and improve the bus passenger journey the service quality of the system, is an important part of the timetable optimization. By bus network hub nodes through the line connected to different network topologies, affect efficiency and network in each of the elements of the traffic network collaborative scheduling. Unlike rail traffic, city bus operation in large open environment under the uncertainty factors are unavoidable in running a large number of vehicles in real traffic environment. Under the uncertain environment, the actual operation of the vehicle is To follow the benchmark scheduling plan began to develop, cause the efficiency of transit network collaborative scheduling can not be fully released. In view of this, this transit network collaborative scheduling robustness, from the "point, line, face angle, multi-level, all-round discussion on how to improve the robustness of network collaborative scheduling under uncertain environment with the integration, interference management thought, and puts forward the corresponding control strategy. The main research work and results are as follows: (1) the boundary control strategy, through the integration of buffer time and lag control station, the travel time uncertainty in the plan to jointly solve layer and scheduling layer. In two typical bus in comparing the three different scheduling modes: non cooperative, punctuality and boundary controls. It is found that the interaction of buffer time and control boundary, and confirmed in the setting of buffer time The real-time control strategy plan with boundary layer, can effectively reduce the buffer time and improve the efficiency, and to delay uncertainty and demand robust. (2) on the basis of empirical research, the introduction of the concept of delay truncated distribution, and deduces the system cost delay based on truncated distribution, transfer failure analysis the rate of quantitative discusses the influence of delay interval on the optimal buffer time, and analyzes the influence of bus network structure of the collaborative scheduling robustness, confirmed the branch type bus network collaborative scheduling can reduce operating costs in improving the service level at the same time, the robustness is better than that of the annular transportation network. (3) based on the third chapter on the discussion on how to improve branch type bus network collaborative scheduling efficiency through the choice of the mode of operation. By using the method of successive approximation to simplify the model, discusses the optimal scheduling model selection The critical condition of selection, and the introduction of the uncertainty of travel time on a deepening of wiring and collaborative scheduling integrated optimization problem. The results show that the demand responsive bus in sparse area has more advantages than the conventional bus, bus type wiring and demand response allows less and improved efficiency, if properly designed, demand responsive bus can reduce operating costs in improving the service level at the same time. (4) for the prediction of the time delay uncertainty, considering the incomplete driving recovery and delay propagation effects arising therefrom, studied the station control model of real time lag transfer hub station control. Considering the lag effect on the downstream line, in transit network is established from the perspective of system cost analysis, and proves the structure properties of the system are given. The cost of driving without recovery and incomplete recovery driving lag station control boundary conditions, which reflects the lag Station evaluation robust control strategy, and found the introduction of driving recovery is beneficial to improve the robustness of the control station and delay, when the upstream transfer passenger flow demand increases, the driving recovery can bring Pareto effect of users and operators cost savings. (5) from the planning angle, using the discrete event simulation method further Research on how to improve the stability of the team running through the transit corridor site layout, so as to reduce the delay. The MTO net is extended to a more general MTM network, so that the model can consider more factors such as passengers, vehicle capacity, stranded passengers, put forward the method to determine the steady-state temporal distribution of stranded passengers based on the discovery of space demand heterogeneity "side" effects on the bus system stability, when the spatial distribution of demand to meet certain conditions conducive to the operation of bus rank The "self recovery" of the order.

【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.17

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 邱豐;李文權(quán);沈金星;;可變線路式公交的兩階段車輛調(diào)度模型[J];東南大學學報(自然科學版);2014年05期

，

本文編號：1737056