本文選題：富水泥巖　切入點(diǎn)：仰拱底鼓　出處：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來全國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速,同時(shí)全國的交通建設(shè)也發(fā)展非常迅速,而西北黃土地區(qū)的交通建設(shè)與黃土隧道的建設(shè)是息息相關(guān)的,而富水泥巖開挖后軟化很快,產(chǎn)生的問題較多,與其他類型的隧道相比,富水泥巖隧道受到的松散土壓力普遍較大,尤其是大斷面富水泥巖隧道,這種松散土壓力就更大,因此,大斷面富水泥巖隧道更容易出現(xiàn)隧道病害,而最常見的隧道病害則是隧道仰拱底鼓,因此,對大斷面富水泥巖隧道受力特性及仰拱底鼓機(jī)理研究是非常有必要的。得出的主要研究成果如下:(1)研究國內(nèi)外關(guān)于泥巖隧道的底鼓類型、底鼓機(jī)理與底鼓控制措施的研究現(xiàn)狀,分析泥巖隧道的受力特點(diǎn),總結(jié)泥巖隧道仰拱底鼓發(fā)生機(jī)理,基于實(shí)際工程特點(diǎn),針對目前存在的問題,提出本文的研究思路及內(nèi)容。(2)通過對隧道取回的泥巖試樣的地球成分、化學(xué)成分以及微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析研究,并對隧道泥巖的膨脹性進(jìn)行判別,從而得出隧道泥巖幾乎沒有膨脹性,但具有崩解性。(3)通過對隧道現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的分析,可以得出該隧道受到較大的松散壓力,而且該隧道的拱腰與仰拱拱腳處受力最大,是較為危險(xiǎn)的部位,該隧道仰拱底鼓原因很可能是兩仰拱拱腳受到較大的松散擠壓力以及地下水的水理作用共同作用的結(jié)果。(4)由模型試驗(yàn)可知,大斷面泥巖隧道在施工時(shí),拱腰、拱腳與拱底是最為容易破壞的部位,這與實(shí)測結(jié)果相似,而且地基承載力不足,隧道會出現(xiàn)整體下沉,通過該模型試驗(yàn)也驗(yàn)證了較大松散圍巖壓力是導(dǎo)致仰拱底鼓的主要原因之一。(5)基于Midas/GTS三維有限元數(shù)值模型和結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)法,來進(jìn)一步分析泥巖隧道受到較大的壓力荷載時(shí),隧道襯砌的受力特征及變形規(guī)律,通過與室內(nèi)模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了較大松散圍巖壓力可以引起隧道仰拱底鼓開裂。(6)基于全文分析,總結(jié)出了該隧道仰拱底鼓開裂的機(jī)理主要是圍巖巖體性質(zhì)較差,使得隧道受到較大松散壓力,加之地下水的水理作用,又由于一些工程因素的作用,加劇了仰拱底鼓,最終導(dǎo)致了仰拱開裂,同時(shí)針對該隧道的特定條件,提出了較為合理的控制措施。為實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用提供參考意見。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the national economy has developed rapidly, and the national traffic construction has also developed very rapidly. However, the traffic construction in the northwest loess region is closely related to the construction of loess tunnels, and the cement rich rock softens quickly after excavation.There are more problems. Compared with other types of tunnels, the loose soil pressure of cement-rich tunnel is generally greater than that of other types of tunnels, especially the large-section cement-rich tunnel, and the loose soil pressure is even greater.Tunnel diseases are more likely to occur in large section cement-rich tunnel, and the most common tunnel disease is tunnel inverted arch bottom bulge. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanical characteristics and the mechanism of inverted arch bottom of large section cement-rich tunnel.The main research results obtained are as follows: 1) studying the types, mechanism and control measures of bottom drum of mudstone tunnel at home and abroad, analyzing the mechanical characteristics of mudstone tunnel, summarizing the mechanism of bottom bulging in reverse arch of mudstone tunnel,Based on the characteristics of practical engineering and in view of the existing problems, this paper puts forward the research ideas and contents of this paper. Through the analysis of the earth composition, chemical composition and microstructure of the mudstone samples collected from the tunnel, the paper analyzes and studies the experimental data of the earth composition, chemical composition and microstructure of the mudstone samples taken from the tunnel.By discriminating the expansibility of tunnel mudstone, it can be concluded that the tunnel mudstone almost has no expansibility, but it has disintegrating property. (3) by analyzing the monitoring data of tunnel, it can be concluded that the tunnel is subjected to greater loose pressure.Moreover, the arch waist and the arch foot of the inverted arch of the tunnel bear the greatest force and are the more dangerous part.It is very likely that the reason of the bottom drum of the inverted arch of the tunnel is the result of the combined action of the two inverted arch feet subjected to greater loose extrusion pressure and the hydrological action of groundwater. According to the model test, the arch waist of the large section mudstone tunnel is in construction.The arch foot and the bottom of the arch are the most easily damaged parts, which is similar to the measured results, and the bearing capacity of the foundation is insufficient, and the tunnel will sink as a whole.Through the model test, it is also proved that the large loose surrounding rock pressure is one of the main causes of the inverted arch floor bulge. Based on the Midas/GTS three-dimensional finite element numerical model and structural mechanics method, this paper further analyzes the mudstone tunnel subjected to larger pressure load.The stress characteristics and deformation law of tunnel lining are compared with the results of indoor model test. It is further proved that the large loose surrounding rock pressure can cause tunnel arch bottom bulging cracking. (6) based on the full-text analysis,It is concluded that the cracking mechanism of the inverted arch floor of the tunnel is mainly due to the poor rock mass property of surrounding rock, which makes the tunnel under relatively loose pressure, and the hydrological effect of groundwater, and the effect of some engineering factors, which intensifies the inverted arch floor drum.At the same time, the reasonable control measures are put forward in view of the specific conditions of the tunnel.To provide reference for practical engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U451

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