發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-06 04:13

  本文選題：定制公交　切入點(diǎn)：通勤信息　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：早晚通勤時(shí)段,交通需求較高,按固定線路行駛、固定時(shí)刻表發(fā)車的常規(guī)公交服務(wù)效率低下,無(wú)法吸引采用私家車出行的乘客主動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)移交通出行方式,導(dǎo)致城市高峰出行時(shí)段,道路交通擁堵、道路資源利用率低、居民出行速度與舒適度受到影響。定制公交作為一種新型的公交服務(wù)模式,是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)公共交通服務(wù)模式的補(bǔ)充,能滿足乘客豐富多元的出行需求。但是定制公交發(fā)展歷史較短,多數(shù)城市開(kāi)通的定制公交覆蓋率低、線網(wǎng)規(guī)劃混亂、無(wú)法適應(yīng)居民通勤出行需求。本文在分析國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合城市居民通勤需求信息,設(shè)計(jì)了定制公交系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的架構(gòu),著重研究了定制公交客流集散區(qū)的劃分方法,并在客流集散區(qū)內(nèi)建立行車路徑優(yōu)化模型,最大限度的服務(wù)乘客,滿足大多數(shù)使用定制公交的乘客的出行需求。首先,針對(duì)定制公交的特點(diǎn),確定了定制公交線網(wǎng)優(yōu)化的方法,在傳統(tǒng)聚類算法的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合考慮站點(diǎn)的客流量與區(qū)域的運(yùn)力配置,設(shè)計(jì)了客流集散區(qū)的劃分算法,通勤客流在客流集散區(qū)的上車區(qū)域乘車,在下車區(qū)域下車,上車與下車區(qū)域之間一站直達(dá)體現(xiàn)定制公交較高的服務(wù)水平。其次,根據(jù)居民通勤出行的時(shí)間窗信息,在上車區(qū)域中,結(jié)合站點(diǎn)的分時(shí)段時(shí)間窗特性,建立了上車路徑優(yōu)化模型并設(shè)計(jì)了一種評(píng)價(jià)式啟發(fā)算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解。然后,以車輛的行駛時(shí)間成本、人流群的步行時(shí)間成本最低為目標(biāo),在下車區(qū)域中,建立了基于單車輛的行車路徑優(yōu)化模型,并運(yùn)用遺傳算法尋求最優(yōu)站點(diǎn)。最后,基于以上建立的客流集散區(qū)內(nèi)路徑優(yōu)化模型與求解算法,結(jié)合算例進(jìn)行分析,分別得到集散區(qū)內(nèi)開(kāi)行的定制公交數(shù)目、車輛的行車路徑以及車輛的到達(dá)時(shí)刻表,以居民通勤信息為基礎(chǔ),建立了早晚通勤定制公交開(kāi)行路線以及線路時(shí)刻表。
[Abstract]:In the morning and evening commuting time, the traffic demand is high, the regular public transport service with fixed route and fixed timetable is inefficient, and the passengers who use private cars can not be attracted to transfer the traffic mode actively, which leads to the rush travel time of the city.Road traffic congestion, low utilization of road resources, residents travel speed and comfort affected.As a new mode of public transport service, custom-built public transportation is a supplement to the traditional mode of public transport service, which can meet the diverse travel needs of passengers.But the development history of custom-built public transportation is short, the coverage rate of custom-built public transportation is low, and the network planning is chaotic, so it can not meet the needs of residents commuting.Based on the analysis of relevant research at home and abroad and combined with the information of urban residents' commuting demand, this paper designs the framework of customized bus system optimization, and focuses on the division method of custom-built bus passenger flow distribution area.And in the passenger flow distribution area to establish the traffic path optimization model to maximize the service passengers to meet the travel needs of most of the passengers using customized public transport.First of all, according to the characteristics of customized public transportation, the optimization method of customized bus network is determined. On the basis of the traditional clustering algorithm, the partition algorithm of passenger flow distribution area is designed, considering the passenger flow of the station and the distribution of regional transportation capacity synthetically.Commuter passenger flow in the passenger flow distribution area in the boarding area, in the alighting area to get off, a stop between boarding and getting off the area to reflect the high level of customized public transport service.Secondly, according to the time window information of residents commuting, in the boarding area, combined with the time window characteristics of the station, the optimization model of the bus route is established and an evaluation heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the model.Then, aiming at the cost of vehicle travel time and the minimum cost of walking time of passenger flow group, a vehicle route optimization model based on single vehicle is established in the alighting area, and the genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal station.Finally, based on the above established passenger flow distribution area path optimization model and algorithm, combined with the analysis of examples, the number of custom-built public transport, the vehicle route and the arrival schedule of the vehicle in the distributed area are obtained respectively.Based on the residents' commuting information, the morning and evening commuting custom bus route and route schedule are established.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491.17

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