本文選題：CA模型　切入點(diǎn)：公路橋　出處：《廣州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代汽車運(yùn)輸和橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展,汽車運(yùn)輸呈現(xiàn)“重載化、高速化”及橋梁呈現(xiàn)“大、輕、柔”化,使得車輛與橋梁的耦合動(dòng)力效應(yīng)愈加明顯,導(dǎo)致車-橋耦合系統(tǒng)誘發(fā)的動(dòng)力荷載將可能遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于靜力荷載,車-橋系統(tǒng)的時(shí)變頻率問題也會(huì)顯現(xiàn),從而引起橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷、疲勞、開裂,降低橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)壽命、安全可靠度和車輛運(yùn)行舒適度。為此,本文基于國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目—“一種基于元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)車流的公路橋三維耦合振動(dòng)分析方法研究”(項(xiàng)目批準(zhǔn)號(hào):51208125),開展基于車流-橋耦合的斜拉橋動(dòng)力響應(yīng)及相關(guān)問題研究,主要開展的工作如下:(1)基于元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)的隨機(jī)車流模擬引入微觀交通流模型(元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)模型)模擬公路橋梁上隨機(jī)車流,模型充分考慮車道內(nèi)車輛運(yùn)行規(guī)則和車輛換道規(guī)則,以及車流中車輛的加速、減速、變道、超車等。研究了不同限速及車流密度下的隨機(jī)車流,并與已有文獻(xiàn)中的車輛航測(cè)圖進(jìn)行對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了所建立模型的正確性。(2)基于隨機(jī)車流的車流-橋耦合振動(dòng)研究基于ANSYS整體環(huán)境,建立車流-三維橋耦合振動(dòng)分析模型,模型中的橋梁模型與車輛模型獨(dú)立建模,給出車流-公路橋耦合振動(dòng)分析方法。研究不同車流密度及車輛最大限速條件下車流-橋系統(tǒng)的耦合動(dòng)力響應(yīng)。分析結(jié)果表明:車流密度及限速條件對(duì)耦合響應(yīng)結(jié)果有較大影響,高車流密度明顯大于低車流密度下的跨中控制截面的動(dòng)撓度峰值;車輛最大限速也是影響跨中撓度的因素,跨中控制截面動(dòng)撓度峰值隨著橋上車輛最大限速的提升亦不斷變大。(3)車流-橋系統(tǒng)的時(shí)變頻率研究將車-橋系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)化為梁-質(zhì)量系統(tǒng),推導(dǎo)得到三種邊界條件下梁-移動(dòng)質(zhì)量系統(tǒng)和梁-固定質(zhì)量系統(tǒng)的頻率方程,對(duì)比研究梁-移動(dòng)質(zhì)量系統(tǒng)和梁-固定質(zhì)量系統(tǒng)的頻率,結(jié)果表明:一般情況下的車-橋系統(tǒng),橋-移動(dòng)車輛系統(tǒng)的頻率可由橋-固定車輛系統(tǒng)的頻率替代。以此結(jié)論為基礎(chǔ),開展車流作用下車流-橋系統(tǒng)的時(shí)變頻率研究,對(duì)模型前三階豎彎頻率進(jìn)行分析發(fā)現(xiàn):橋梁自振頻率大于基于CA模型的車橋系統(tǒng)的各階時(shí)變頻率。車流-橋系統(tǒng)的前三階豎彎頻率隨車流密度的增加而減小。(4)基于車流-橋耦合的拉索疲勞壽命評(píng)估及可靠度分析基于車流-橋耦合分析計(jì)算獲得結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力時(shí)程,利用雨流計(jì)數(shù)法對(duì)構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力時(shí)程進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),進(jìn)而獲得應(yīng)力直方圖,求得構(gòu)件等效應(yīng)力幅,基于S-N曲線、Miner理論對(duì)橋梁進(jìn)行疲勞壽命及疲勞可靠度分析,初步探討了車流密度對(duì)拉索疲勞壽命及疲勞可靠度的影響。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern automobile transportation and bridge structure, automobile transportation presents "heavy load, high speed" and bridge "big, light and soft", which makes the coupling dynamic effect between vehicle and bridge more obvious.The dynamic load induced by the vehicle-bridge coupling system will probably be much larger than the static load, and the time-varying frequency problem of the vehicle-bridge system will also appear, which will cause damage, fatigue, cracking and reduce the life of the bridge structure.Safety reliability and vehicle running comfort.To that end,Based on the National Natural Science Foundation of China-"A study on Three-dimensional coupled Vibration Analysis of Highway Bridges based on Cellular Automata vehicle flow" (Project Grant No.: 51208125), the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges based on vehicle-bridge coupling and related problems are studied.The main work is as follows: (1) based on cellular automata, stochastic traffic flow simulation is introduced into microscopic traffic flow model (cellular automata model) to simulate the random traffic flow on highway bridges. The model fully considers the vehicle running rules and the vehicle changing rules in the driveway.And the vehicle in the traffic acceleration, deceleration, change of track, overtaking, etc.The random vehicle flow under different speed limit and vehicle flow density is studied, and compared with the existing vehicle aerial survey diagram, the correctness of the established model is verified. 2) the research of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration based on stochastic vehicle flow is based on ANSYS environment.An analysis model of vehicle-three-dimensional bridge coupling vibration is established, in which the bridge model and vehicle model are independently modeled, and the method of vehicle-road bridge coupling vibration analysis is presented.The coupled dynamic response of vehicle-bridge system with different vehicle flow density and maximum vehicle speed limit is studied.The results show that the vehicle flow density and the speed limit condition have great influence on the coupling response results, the high vehicle flow density is obviously larger than the dynamic deflection peak of the control cross section under the low vehicle flow density, and the maximum vehicle speed limit is also the factor affecting the mid-span deflection.The time-varying frequency of vehicle-bridge system is simplified to beam-mass system with the increase of the maximum speed limit of the vehicle on the bridge.The frequency equations of beam-moving mass system and beam-fixed mass system are derived under three boundary conditions. The frequency of beam-moving mass system and beam-fixed mass system are compared.The frequency of the bridge-mobile vehicle system can be replaced by the frequency of the bridge-fixed vehicle system.Based on this conclusion, the time-varying frequency of vehicle-bridge system under the action of vehicle flow is studied. The first three vertical bending frequencies of the model are analyzed. It is found that the natural vibration frequency of the bridge is higher than the time-varying frequency of the vehicle-bridge system based on CA model.The first three order vertical bending frequency of vehicle-bridge system decreases with the increase of vehicle flow density. (4) based on vehicle-bridge coupling, the fatigue life evaluation and reliability analysis of cables are carried out. Based on vehicle-bridge coupling analysis, the stress time history of structural members is obtained.The stress time history of the component is counted by rain flow counting method, and the stress histogram is obtained, and the equivalent stress amplitude is obtained. The fatigue life and fatigue reliability of the bridge are analyzed based on the S-N curve Miner theory.The influence of vehicle flow density on fatigue life and fatigue reliability of cable is discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U448.27;U441

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