本文選題：水電工程　切入點(diǎn)：施工交通特性　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水電工程是一個復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程,其中的交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)對施工進(jìn)度舉足輕重。場內(nèi)道路交通流模型是物料調(diào)度優(yōu)化、機(jī)械配置優(yōu)化、通行安全分析等研究的基礎(chǔ),同時場內(nèi)交通狀況特殊,與城市道路存在較大差異,因此對水電工程施工場內(nèi)交通流的研究非常重要。本文在研究水電工程施工場內(nèi)交通特性的基礎(chǔ)上,以場內(nèi)交通流為研究對象,建立場內(nèi)道路交通流模型、交通事故模型和事故后的車輛排隊模型,基于這些模型,進(jìn)一步研究場內(nèi)道路的通行安全問題。主要工作如下。1)考慮場內(nèi)的交通特性,包括道路縱坡坡度、駕駛員特性、車輛性能等因素,在此基礎(chǔ)上建立車輛的跟馳模型和換道模型,并基于改進(jìn)的元胞自動機(jī)模型建立水電工程施工場內(nèi)的交通流模型。以單向雙車道為仿真場景進(jìn)行仿真分析,研究和分析道路縱坡坡度和隨機(jī)慢化概率對交通流的影響,并利用某水電工程施工場內(nèi)的實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)對模型進(jìn)行驗證,結(jié)果表明模型具有一定的可信度。2)分析場內(nèi)引起交通事故的因素,對車輛追尾進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)研究,建立車輛追尾的事故模型,并引入到場內(nèi)交通流模型中。仿真統(tǒng)計不同車頭距下發(fā)生交通事故的次數(shù),對其分布進(jìn)行擬合和檢驗,結(jié)果表明其分布服從正態(tài)分布。利用"4σ"法則確定行車安全距離,并與相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行對比,驗證模型的準(zhǔn)確性。3)利用排隊論研究事故后車輛的排隊行為。對持續(xù)時間長的事故建立基于可變輸入率的排隊模型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立以減少發(fā)車為措施、以損失為目標(biāo)的優(yōu)化模型,以優(yōu)化減少發(fā)車的時間和數(shù)量。對持續(xù)時間短的事故建立基于可變服務(wù)率的排隊模型,分析事故后的道路性能指標(biāo),并用TransModeler進(jìn)行仿真驗證。
[Abstract]:Hydropower project is a complex system engineering, in which transportation system plays an important role in the progress of construction. On-site traffic flow model is the basis of material scheduling optimization, mechanical configuration optimization, traffic safety analysis and so on. At the same time, the traffic situation in the field is very special, which is different from the urban road, so it is very important to study the traffic flow in the construction site of hydropower project. Taking the traffic flow in the field as the research object, the traffic flow model, the traffic accident model and the vehicle queuing model after the accident are established. Based on these models, the traffic flow model, the traffic accident model and the vehicle queuing model after the accident are established. The main work is as follows: 1) considering the traffic characteristics of the field, including the slope of the road, the driver's characteristics and the performance of the vehicle, the car-following model and the change model of the vehicle are established on this basis. Based on the improved cellular automata model, the traffic flow model in the construction site of hydropower project is established. The effects of slope gradient and random slowing probability on the traffic flow are studied and analyzed by using the unidirectional two-lane simulation scene. The model is verified by the actual data in the construction site of a hydropower project. The results show that the model has certain credibility. 2) the factors causing traffic accidents in the site are analyzed, and the rear-end vehicle is studied emphatically. The accident model of rear-end vehicle is established and introduced into the traffic flow model in the field. The number of traffic accidents under different headspace is calculated by simulation, and its distribution is fitted and tested. The results show that its distribution is normal distribution. Using "4 蟽" rule to determine the safety distance of driving, and compared with the relevant standards, To verify the accuracy of the model. 3) using queuing theory to study the queuing behavior of vehicles after an accident. A queue model based on variable input rate is established for long duration accidents, and on this basis, the measures to reduce the departure rate are established. In order to optimize and reduce the time and quantity of departure, a queue model based on variable service rate is established for the accidents with short duration, and the road performance index after the accident is analyzed, and the simulation results are verified by TransModeler.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV51;U491

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