本文選題：城市交通系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：信號(hào)控制　出處：《青島科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展,城鎮(zhèn)化速度明顯加快,大中城市的交通擁堵問題日益嚴(yán)重,已經(jīng)引起了廣泛關(guān)注。交叉口是不同方向的道路交匯之地,也是最容易發(fā)生交通擁堵的地方。提高城市交通運(yùn)行效率的措施有很多,其中最行之有效的方法是設(shè)計(jì)合理的交通信號(hào)控制策略。實(shí)際交通控制過程中,城市道路上的交通流具有很強(qiáng)的非線性和復(fù)雜性。利用現(xiàn)有的道路資源,如何將先進(jìn)的控制方法應(yīng)用到城市交叉口信號(hào)控制中已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)亟需解決的問題。本文考慮時(shí)間延誤因素,提出了基于延誤的定時(shí)信號(hào)控制算法。進(jìn)一步,根據(jù)城市交通具有重復(fù)性和周期性的特點(diǎn),提出了將迭代學(xué)習(xí)控制方法應(yīng)用到交叉口信號(hào)控制中,取得了較好的控制效果。本文的主要內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下：1.論文深入分析了城市信號(hào)控制的特點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),介紹了城市信號(hào)控制領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與實(shí)際應(yīng)用情況。著重研究了信號(hào)控制中的主要控制參數(shù)和評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。通過對(duì)經(jīng)典信號(hào)控制系統(tǒng)原理和配時(shí)方案研究,確定了以模型建立和信號(hào)控制設(shè)計(jì)為基礎(chǔ)的研究策略。2.為準(zhǔn)確描述交通流變化,建立了城市信號(hào)控制的宏觀交通模型,并分析速度—流量模型在城市交叉口的信號(hào)方案設(shè)計(jì)與仿真研究中的重要性。研究了信號(hào)控制下車輛在十字路口處的運(yùn)行規(guī)律,提出了基于延誤時(shí)間的定時(shí)信號(hào)控制方法,結(jié)合交通仿真工具VISSIM完成了三相位信號(hào)配時(shí)的設(shè)計(jì)工作。利用VISSIM微觀交通工具進(jìn)行路網(wǎng)的建立,并實(shí)現(xiàn)了實(shí)時(shí)交通流模擬仿真,仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證所提出方法的有效性。3.結(jié)合城市交叉口系統(tǒng)的重復(fù)性和周期性的特點(diǎn),利用均衡控制的思想,以各相位排隊(duì)長度差值作為系統(tǒng)輸出,提出了基于迭代學(xué)習(xí)控制的信號(hào)控制方法。與傳統(tǒng)的定時(shí)控制不同,基于迭代學(xué)習(xí)的交通控制可以依據(jù)以前周期的實(shí)時(shí)交通運(yùn)行狀況進(jìn)行信號(hào)方案調(diào)整。借助交通仿真工具VISSIM完成本文提出的控制算法的仿真驗(yàn)證。從仿真結(jié)果可以看出,城市信號(hào)燈配時(shí)的迭代學(xué)習(xí)控制方法在車輛排隊(duì)長度差值、車輛運(yùn)行總量以及車輛平均延誤等性能指標(biāo)上都要優(yōu)于定時(shí)信號(hào)控制,從而表明本文提出的方法非常適合解決城市交通擁堵問題。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the healthy development of our country's economy, the speed of urbanization is quickening obviously, and the traffic congestion problem in large and medium-sized cities is becoming more and more serious, which has aroused widespread concern. The intersection is a place where the roads meet in different directions. There are many measures to improve the efficiency of urban traffic operation. The most effective method is to design reasonable traffic signal control strategy. In the actual traffic control process, Traffic flows on urban roads are highly nonlinear and complex. How to apply advanced control methods to the signal control of urban intersections has become a problem that needs to be solved. In this paper, a timing signal control algorithm based on delay is proposed considering the factors of time delay. According to the reproducibility and periodicity of urban traffic, the iterative learning control method is applied to the intersection signal control. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: 1.The paper deeply analyzes the characteristics and difficulties of urban signal control. This paper introduces the development status and practical application of urban signal control field. The main control parameters and evaluation indexes in signal control are emphatically studied. The principle and timing scheme of classical signal control system are studied. The research strategy based on model building and signal control design is determined. 2. In order to accurately describe the change of traffic flow, the macro traffic model of urban signal control is established. The importance of velocity-flow model in the signal scheme design and simulation of urban intersections is analyzed. The running rule of vehicles at intersections under signal control is studied, and a timing signal control method based on delay time is proposed. Combined with the traffic simulation tool VISSIM, the design of the three-phase signal timing is completed. The road network is built by using the VISSIM microscopic vehicle, and the real-time traffic flow simulation is realized. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. 3. Combined with the repeatability and periodicity of the urban intersection system, using the idea of equalization control, the difference of the queue length of each phase is taken as the output of the system. A signal control method based on iterative learning control is proposed. The traffic control based on iterative learning can adjust the signal scheme according to the real-time traffic condition of the previous cycle. The simulation verification of the control algorithm proposed in this paper is completed with the aid of the traffic simulation tool VISSIM. The simulation results can be seen from the simulation results. The iterative learning control method of city signal lamp timing is superior to the timing signal control in terms of vehicle queue length difference, total vehicle running amount and vehicle average delay, etc. The results show that the method proposed in this paper is very suitable to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491.54;TP391.9

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