本文選題：鋼結構斜拉橋　切入點：人工檢查　出處：《東南大學》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：為確保大跨徑斜拉橋的安全性、適用性和耐久性,對其建立科學合理的評估體系是十分必要和緊迫的。目前,斜拉橋的評估來源于以人工檢查為主的橋梁養(yǎng)護管理系統(tǒng)和以傳感器監(jiān)測為主的橋梁長期監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),而它們都有各自的弊端,難以獨立成為橋梁狀態(tài)評估的理想數(shù)據(jù)源。鑒于此,本文將多源信息融合的方法用于鋼結構斜拉橋的狀態(tài)評估中,綜合篩選、整合兩大系統(tǒng)得到的數(shù)據(jù)及信息,以期獲得更具一致性、可靠性的評估結果,為橋梁運營管理提供更為科學合理的養(yǎng)護方案及決策依據(jù)。本文的主要研究內容如下:(1)斜拉橋信息融合模型研究。為描述評估系統(tǒng)中各組件的功能、相互關系以及數(shù)據(jù)流向,本文融合養(yǎng)護管理系統(tǒng)和長期監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)信息,對斜拉橋狀態(tài)評估系統(tǒng)中的信息融合功能模型和體系結構做相應的設計,然后對信息融合與評估的關聯(lián)性進行對應解釋,最后歸納了目前鋼結構斜拉橋中兩類數(shù)據(jù)源的現(xiàn)狀,為后續(xù)的數(shù)據(jù)融合與評估奠定基礎。(2)數(shù)據(jù)的多源融合方法研究。針對橋梁長期監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)中的海量待處理數(shù)據(jù),提出數(shù)據(jù)的自校融合、互校融合方法,并形成一種帶反饋機制的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)處理流程,以實例驗證融合方法的實用性。通過有限元模型修正和考慮分布統(tǒng)計方法的環(huán)境荷載剔除,對數(shù)據(jù)進行特征抽取,以得到評估基準值。用索力和撓度的實例說明方法的可行性。(3)數(shù)據(jù)融合后的進一步應用研究。給出了三種應用范例,第一種用于溫度作用類型的驗證,以某橋為例,分析其不同溫度作用;第二種應用于監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的溫度效應分析,分析了某橋的索力和撓度的溫度效應;第三種應用于撓度預警,基于選定監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的一定保證率建立橋梁跨中撓度預警線,以某橋2008年雪災前后狀況和交通量增長情況兩個示例進行檢驗。(4)確定指標體系和相應評定標準。根據(jù)一定的指標選取原則和層次架構方式,建立鋼結構斜拉橋指標體系。檢測指標的評定標準分成三類:定性指標,定量指標以及序列指標。對于定性指標,提出考慮細化維度的描述,基于統(tǒng)計的量化評定方法;對于定量指標,采用基于規(guī)范的線段模型,并提出多源檢測項的融合方法,包括二維融合,合并以及增補參數(shù)等;對于序列指標,采用基于灰色關聯(lián)度法的綜合評估。(5)基于層次分析法的斜拉橋狀態(tài)評估方法研究。根據(jù)一定準則選擇合適的標度,權重的確定采用基于模糊聚類的群組權重計算方法;基于現(xiàn)行公路橋梁技術狀況評定標準,通過改進的單個構件得分計算方法和新的構件數(shù)量劃分方法,得到一種基于層次分析法的改進評估方法。考慮到傳統(tǒng)加權計算方式易掩蓋子指標之間評分差異大的狀況,引入可信度概念,建立了基于證據(jù)融合的橋梁多指標綜合評估模型。以某橋的定期檢查結果為例,驗證兩個方法的適用性。(6)開發(fā)了斜拉橋綜合評估軟件系統(tǒng)。數(shù)據(jù)庫采用MYSQL,網絡模式為B/S架構方式,它是一個集數(shù)據(jù)庫管理、數(shù)據(jù)處理、檢查監(jiān)測、綜合評估、病害診斷、維修管理、打印與幫助等多種功能為一體的綜合性橋梁養(yǎng)護管理系統(tǒng)。以三座斜拉橋的八年檢查記錄為算例,驗證評估方法和軟件運行的正確性。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure the safety of long-span cable-stayed bridges, applicability and durability, establishing a scientific and reasonable evaluation system of it is very necessary and urgent. At present, the cable-stayed bridge assessment from the bridge maintenance management system based on artificial inspection and monitoring based on sensor bridge long-term monitoring system, and they are have their own shortcomings, to become independent ideal data source bridge condition assessment. In view of this, the method of multi-source information fusion for condition assessment of steel cable-stayed bridge, a comprehensive screening, data and information integration of the two systems, in order to obtain more consistency, reliability evaluation results for bridge management and maintenance scheme to provide more scientific and reasonable decision-making basis. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) research on fusion model of cable-stayed bridge. All components of the functional description of evaluation system, interaction The Department and the data flow, this paper integrated maintenance management system and long-term monitoring of the data information of the system of cable-stayed bridge condition assessment system in information fusion function model and system structure of corresponding design, then the corresponding interpretation of relevance and evaluation of information fusion, the summed up in two types of current steel cable-stayed structure the bridge in the data source for the fusion and lay the foundation for the assessment and follow-up data. (2) research on data fusion of multi source. For long-term monitoring system of bridge in huge amounts of data to be processed, the self calibration of the fusion data fusion method, each school, and the formation of a feedback mechanism for monitoring data processing, to examples verify the practicality fusion method. Through finite element model updating and considering the environmental load distribution excluding statistical methods, feature extraction of data, to obtain the benchmark value. With the cable force and deflection Examples illustrate the feasibility of the method. (3) further research and application of data fusion are proposed. Three kinds of application examples, the first type is used to verify the temperature effect, taking a bridge as an example, analyzes the different temperature effect; temperature effect analysis of second kinds of application in monitoring data, analysis of the cable force and deflection temperature the effect of a bridge; the third used in deflection warning, ensure the selected monitoring data rate to establish early warning line span bridge deflection based on the condition and traffic volume of a bridge before and after the snowstorm in 2008 growth two sample test. (4) to determine the index system and the corresponding evaluation criteria. According to the selection principle and architecture a certain index, build steel cable-stayed bridge. The index system of evaluation indexes are divided into three types: qualitative index, quantitative index and index sequence. For qualitative indicators, the fine description of dimensions to consider The quantitative evaluation method based on statistics; for quantitative indicators, using line model based on the standard, and puts forward the fusion method of multi-source detection, including two-dimensional fusion, merging and supplementary parameters; for the series index, using comprehensive evaluation method of gray correlation estimation. (5) based on the evaluation method of the cable-stayed bridge state based on the analytic hierarchy process. Select the appropriate scale according to certain criteria, the weights are determined by the calculation method of group weights based on fuzzy clustering; the current highway bridge technical condition evaluation based on the standard, through the improved single component score calculation method and a new component number partitioning method, we get an improved evaluation method of AHP based on the traditional calculation method considering the weighted score between the situation easily cover lid between indicators, introducing a concept of reliability, established evidence fusion bridge based on multi index comprehensive Evaluation model. To periodically check the results of a bridge as an example, verify the applicability of two methods. (6) the development of cable-stayed bridge comprehensive evaluation software system. Using MYSQL database, network model for B/S architecture, it is a set of database management, data processing, monitoring inspection, comprehensive appraisal, disease the diagnosis, maintenance management, functions of printing and help the comprehensive development of bridge maintenance management system. The three cable-stayed bridge eight years inspection record as an example to validate the correctness of the evaluation method and software operation.

【學位授予單位】：東南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U448.27

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