發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-27 13:57

  本文選題：判斷運(yùn)動(dòng)模型　切入點(diǎn)：路徑選擇　出處：《石家莊鐵道大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：交叉口處右轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)動(dòng)車和混入大量電動(dòng)車的直行非機(jī)動(dòng)車的沖突會(huì)導(dǎo)致交通延誤增加,安全性降低等問(wèn)題。國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于交叉口機(jī)非沖突做了較為系統(tǒng)的研究,大部分研究的基礎(chǔ)都是由機(jī)動(dòng)車判斷是否可以穿越非機(jī)動(dòng)車。本文通過(guò)實(shí)際調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),在中國(guó)的很多交叉口,有部分機(jī)動(dòng)車即使預(yù)測(cè)到發(fā)生沖突時(shí)非機(jī)動(dòng)車將優(yōu)先占用沖突點(diǎn),許多機(jī)動(dòng)車仍然會(huì)以較低速度運(yùn)行,迫使非機(jī)動(dòng)車減速或改變路徑,實(shí)際調(diào)查到的現(xiàn)象與目前沖突研究的基礎(chǔ)原則不符。本文對(duì)這種非典型情況下的機(jī)非沖突進(jìn)行了研究,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)包括:論文采用文獻(xiàn)分析法和實(shí)地調(diào)查法對(duì)非機(jī)動(dòng)車在交叉口處的運(yùn)動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行了分析。首先采取文獻(xiàn)采集法對(duì)本研究與經(jīng)典研究基本一致的非機(jī)動(dòng)車特性進(jìn)行了分析,包括非機(jī)動(dòng)車到達(dá)交叉口的到達(dá)特性,綠燈點(diǎn)亮?xí)r非機(jī)動(dòng)車的加速特性,遇紅燈或排隊(duì)時(shí)非機(jī)動(dòng)車的減速特性及排隊(duì)密度特性。然后采用實(shí)地調(diào)查法對(duì)本研究重點(diǎn)分析的交叉口處非典型沖突情況所需要的車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行了采集,即先用實(shí)地觀測(cè)法獲取視頻交通數(shù)據(jù),用圖像截取軟件將所錄視頻轉(zhuǎn)換為一幀幀圖片,用視頻轉(zhuǎn)換軟件將圖片中車輛的圖像坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)為實(shí)際坐標(biāo),依據(jù)車輛速度、加速度與其實(shí)際坐標(biāo)的關(guān)系求出車輛的速度、加速度等特性。然后,建立了機(jī)動(dòng)車判斷運(yùn)動(dòng)模型。當(dāng)機(jī)非不發(fā)生沖突或機(jī)動(dòng)車將優(yōu)先占據(jù)沖突區(qū)時(shí),借用經(jīng)典的判斷方法;當(dāng)非機(jī)動(dòng)車將優(yōu)先占據(jù)沖突點(diǎn)時(shí),依據(jù)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)建立了機(jī)動(dòng)車期望速度模型,該模型中機(jī)動(dòng)車會(huì)考慮到自身速度、非機(jī)動(dòng)車速度及非機(jī)動(dòng)車與沖突點(diǎn)的距離和非機(jī)動(dòng)車類型等因素,確定一個(gè)期望速度,并以一個(gè)較低速度穿越非機(jī)動(dòng)車流,迫使非機(jī)動(dòng)車減速或改變路徑。同時(shí),建立了基于路徑選擇的非機(jī)動(dòng)車判斷運(yùn)動(dòng)模型。該模型認(rèn)為當(dāng)機(jī)動(dòng)車占據(jù)沖突點(diǎn)時(shí),非機(jī)動(dòng)車駕駛員會(huì)依據(jù)自身的車輛類型、自身的速度、機(jī)動(dòng)車速度、其預(yù)計(jì)通過(guò)沖突點(diǎn)需要的時(shí)間等參數(shù),選擇合適的路徑通過(guò)沖突點(diǎn)。模型采用多項(xiàng)無(wú)序Logistic模型形式。最后,針對(duì)含有電動(dòng)自行車的非機(jī)動(dòng)車流在交叉口與右轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)動(dòng)車發(fā)生沖突的模型,對(duì)道路交叉口機(jī)非沖突仿真系統(tǒng)框架進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),包括對(duì)右轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)動(dòng)車的判斷運(yùn)動(dòng)行為仿真系統(tǒng)框架的搭建,以及對(duì)非機(jī)動(dòng)車駕駛員為規(guī)避沖突而進(jìn)行的路徑選擇行為仿真系統(tǒng)框架的搭建。以便達(dá)到構(gòu)建右轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)動(dòng)車與直行非機(jī)動(dòng)車發(fā)生沖突后,各自的微觀運(yùn)動(dòng)行為仿真系統(tǒng)框架的目的。本文創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)為:(1)建立了右轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)動(dòng)車判斷運(yùn)動(dòng)模型;(2)建立了基于路徑選擇的非機(jī)動(dòng)車判斷運(yùn)動(dòng)模型。經(jīng)典的交通沖突判斷大部分是基于讓行和優(yōu)先規(guī)則的。本論文基于大量數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查,建立的機(jī)動(dòng)車的判斷運(yùn)動(dòng)模型和基于路徑選擇的非機(jī)動(dòng)車判斷運(yùn)動(dòng)模型,在有些情況下,更加貼近實(shí)際情況,能更加真實(shí)的描述交叉口沖突過(guò)程。
[Abstract]:The conflict between right-turn vehicle and non-motor vehicle mixed with a large number of electric vehicles will lead to the increase of traffic delay and the decrease of safety. Most of the studies are based on whether motor vehicles can pass through non-motor vehicles. Through actual investigation, this paper finds that at many intersections in China, some motor vehicles will preferentially occupy conflict points even if they are predicted to be in conflict. Many motor vehicles will still run at a lower speed, forcing non-motor vehicles to slow down or change their paths. The phenomena actually investigated do not conform to the basic principles of current conflict research. The main research contents and innovations are as follows: the paper analyzes the motion characteristics of non-motor vehicles at intersections by literature analysis and field investigation. Firstly, the paper adopts the literature collection method to analyze the motion characteristics of non-motor vehicles at intersections. First, the paper uses the literature collection method to analyze the motion characteristics of non-motor vehicles at intersections. The characteristics of non-motor vehicles are analyzed. Including the arrival characteristics of non-motorized vehicles at intersections, the acceleration characteristics of non-motor vehicles when the green light is on, The deceleration characteristics and queue density characteristics of non-motor vehicles under red light or queue are collected by field investigation method. Firstly, the video traffic data are obtained by field observation, and the recorded video is converted into a frame picture with the image capture software, and the image coordinate of the vehicle in the picture is converted into the actual coordinate by the video conversion software, which is based on the vehicle speed. The relationship between acceleration and its actual coordinates is used to find out the characteristics of vehicle speed, acceleration and so on. Then, a motor vehicle motion model is established. When the vehicle does not conflict or the vehicle will occupy the conflict zone first, the classical judgment method is used. When non-motor vehicles will preferentially occupy the conflict point, a motor vehicle expected speed model is established based on the survey data, in which the vehicle takes its own speed into account. Factors such as the speed of non-motor vehicles, the distance between non-motor vehicles and conflict points, and the types of non-motor vehicles, determine a desired speed and pass through non-motor vehicle flows at a lower speed, forcing non-motor vehicles to slow down or change their paths. At the same time, A non-motor vehicle motion model based on path selection is established, which holds that when the vehicle occupies the conflict point, the non-motor vehicle driver will be based on his own vehicle type, his own speed, the vehicle speed, the vehicle speed, and the motor vehicle speed. It is expected to choose the appropriate path to pass through the conflict point through the parameters such as the time required for the conflict point. The model is in the form of a multi-item disordered Logistic model. Finally, Aiming at the model of conflict between non-motor vehicle flow and right-turn vehicle at intersection with electric bicycle, the frame of non-conflict simulation system for road intersection is designed. Including the establishment of the simulation system framework for judging the motion behavior of the right-turn motor vehicle, And build the simulation system framework of path selection behavior of non-motor vehicle drivers to avoid conflict, so as to build right turn vehicle and straight non-motor vehicle conflict, The purpose of their microscopic motion behavior simulation system. The innovation of this paper is to establish the right-turn motor vehicle judging motion model, which is called "1: 1") and the non-motor vehicle judging motion model based on path selection is established. This paper is based on a large number of data surveys. The motor vehicle judging motion model and the non-motor vehicle judging motion model based on path selection, in some cases, are closer to the actual situation and can describe the intersection conflict process more truthfully.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491.23

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