本文選題：大節(jié)點(diǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：摩擦型高強(qiáng)度螺栓　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鋼橋的跨越能力大、適于工業(yè)化制造、便于運(yùn)輸、便于安裝等優(yōu)點(diǎn)使其快速發(fā)展,并且摩擦型高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接的拼接接頭廣泛應(yīng)用于鋼結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁中;但是在高強(qiáng)度螺栓拼接頭中螺栓折斷現(xiàn)象廣泛存在于鋼結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁中,為了保證該類橋梁的正常使用,分析含有豎桿、斜桿的高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接大節(jié)點(diǎn)的傳力性能有重要的意義。本文利用ANSYS建立了高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接的大節(jié)點(diǎn)的整體有限元模型及局部模型,并分析了節(jié)點(diǎn)中螺栓群的傳力比、芯板及拼接板應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律、荷載-滑移關(guān)系等,并對(duì)比分析了螺栓缺失、拼接板板厚、螺栓孔徑對(duì)螺栓群傳力性能的影響,具體結(jié)論如下:(1)螺栓群(含三列螺栓)中各排螺栓的傳力比沿縱向呈馬鞍型分布,第一排和最后一排螺栓的傳力比較大,中間各排螺栓的傳力比較小;含有六列螺栓的螺栓群中各排螺栓傳遞的剪力沿板橫向成W型分布;隨著螺栓排數(shù)的增加,各排螺栓的傳力比的差異性加大,但是各螺栓群中第一排螺栓的傳力比幾乎不變,中間各排螺栓的傳力比減小。(2)芯板橫截面上軸向應(yīng)力沿板橫向呈波浪形分布,在螺栓軸向連線上應(yīng)力較小,在行間應(yīng)力較大;拼接板在兩排螺栓之間軸向應(yīng)力沿板縱向呈波浪形分布,在螺栓中心連線上應(yīng)力較小,而在螺栓間應(yīng)力較大。拼接板在兩排螺栓之間的軸向應(yīng)力沿板橫向呈波浪形分布,在螺栓連線上應(yīng)力較小,而在螺栓行間應(yīng)力較大。(3)在使用階段螺栓傳遞的剪力與外荷載呈現(xiàn)正比關(guān)系,只是每個(gè)螺栓的剪力值不相同。當(dāng)有螺栓出現(xiàn)滑移后,外荷載與螺栓傳遞的剪力之間表現(xiàn)出非線性關(guān)系,越晚出現(xiàn)滑移的螺栓非線性關(guān)系越明顯。螺栓進(jìn)入局部滑移階段后,同排螺栓的剪力值差別較大,故在用傳力比分析螺栓群的受力時(shí)應(yīng)考慮螺栓受力沿板寬方向的不均勻性。(4)隨著拼接板厚度的增加螺栓群中各排螺栓傳遞剪力的不均勻性增加,即第一排螺栓的傳力比增加,最后一排螺栓的傳力比減小,中間各排螺栓的傳力比幾乎不改變;隨著拼接板厚度的增加,拼接接頭出現(xiàn)螺栓滑移的時(shí)間越早;拼接板板厚對(duì)極限滑移荷載沒有影響。(5)高強(qiáng)度螺栓的壓力影響區(qū)隨著螺栓孔徑的增加而加大,壓力影響區(qū)的直徑大約為螺栓孔徑的2.85倍;隨著螺栓孔徑的增加,第一排螺栓的傳力比遞減,最后一排螺栓的傳力比遞增,中間排螺栓的傳力比改變不大;拼接板與芯板之間的接觸壓應(yīng)力隨著螺栓孔徑的增加而減小。(6)在大節(jié)點(diǎn)中,螺栓的缺失僅對(duì)相鄰螺栓群中靠近桿件中心交點(diǎn)的幾排螺栓的傳力比有影響,但是這種影響較小;在局部模型中螺栓的缺失僅對(duì)2倍栓距范圍內(nèi)螺栓的受力有影響;螺栓的缺失會(huì)使相應(yīng)螺栓群的初始滑移荷載下降,極限滑移荷載減小;螺栓的缺失對(duì)相鄰螺栓群的荷載-滑移曲線影響較小。
[Abstract]:The steel bridge has the advantages of large span ability, suitable for industrial manufacture, convenient transportation, easy installation and so on, and the splicing joint of friction type high strength bolt connection is widely used in steel structure bridge. But the phenomenon of bolt breaking in high strength bolt splicing head is widely existed in steel structure bridge. In order to ensure the normal use of this kind of bridge, the vertical rod is analyzed. In this paper, the finite element model and local model of large joint with high strength bolt connection are established by using ANSYS, and the load transfer ratio of bolt group in the joint is analyzed. The stress distribution law and load-slip relation of core plate and splice plate are analyzed, and the effects of bolt missing, splice plate thickness and bolt aperture on the load transfer performance of bolt group are compared and analyzed. The specific conclusions are as follows: (1) in the bolt group (including three rows of bolts), the transmission force ratio of each row of bolts is saddle distribution along the longitudinal, the first row and the last row of bolts are larger than the middle row bolts, and the transmission force of the middle row bolts is relatively small; The shear force transferred by each row of bolts in the bolt group with six rows of bolts is distributed in W shape along the plate; with the increase of the number of bolts, the difference of the load transfer ratio of each row bolt increases, but the transfer force ratio of the first row bolt in each bolt group is almost unchanged. The axial stress distribution along the cross section of the core plate is wave shape, and the stress on the axial line of the bolt is smaller, and the stress between rows is larger. The axial stress of the splice plate distributed along the longitudinal wave shape between the two rows of bolts, and the stress on the central line of the bolt was small, but the stress between the bolts was larger. The axial stress of the splice plate distributed along the transverse wave shape along the plate between the two rows of bolts. The stress on the bolt line is smaller, but the stress between the lines of the bolt is greater. 3) the shear force transmitted by the bolt is proportional to the external load during the use stage, except that the shear value of each bolt is different. When the bolt slips, There is a nonlinear relationship between the external load and the shearing force transferred by the bolt, and the more obvious is the nonlinear relationship of the bolt with slip, when the bolt enters the local slip stage, the shearing value of the same row bolt is different greatly. Therefore, the inhomogeneity of bolt force along the width of the plate should be taken into account in the analysis of bolt group forces by force transfer ratio. 4) with the increase of the thickness of splice plate, the non-uniformity of the shearing force of each row of bolts in the bolt group increases, that is, the transmission force ratio of the first row bolt increases. The ratio of transmission force of the last row of bolts is reduced, the ratio of the middle row bolts is almost unchanged, with the increase of the thickness of the splicing plate, the bolt slip of the splice joint appears earlier. The pressure affected zone of high strength bolt increases with the increase of bolt aperture, and the diameter of pressure affected zone is about 2.85 times of bolt diameter, with the increase of bolt aperture, the plate thickness has no effect on ultimate slip load. The transmission force ratio of the first row bolt decreases, the transmission force ratio of the last row bolt increases, the transmission force ratio of the middle row bolt does not change much; the contact compression stress between the splice plate and the core plate decreases with the increase of bolt aperture. The lack of bolts only has an effect on the transmission ratio of several rows of bolts near the central intersection of the bar in the adjacent bolt group, but this effect is small, and the lack of bolts in the local model only affects the force of the bolt in the range of 2 times the distance between the bolt and the bolt. The lack of bolt will decrease the initial slip load and limit slip load of the corresponding bolt group, and the lack of bolt will have little effect on the load-slip curve of the adjacent bolt group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U441

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