本文選題：隧道錨　切入點：縮尺模型試驗　出處：《西南交通大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文結(jié)合金沙江特大橋開展鐵路懸索橋隧道式錨碇原位模型試驗方案研究。擬采用地質(zhì)調(diào)查、室內(nèi)巖體常規(guī)力學試驗、原位巖體力學性質(zhì)試驗、原位縮尺模型試驗等綜合手段,系統(tǒng)研究隧道錨所在區(qū)域工程地質(zhì)條件、巖體物理力學特性、隧道錨和圍巖變形變位特性,流變特征,隧道錨承載能力及潛在破壞特征和隧道錨穩(wěn)定性等問題。為了準確掌握香格里拉岸試驗隧道錨區(qū)域圍巖力學性質(zhì),選取該區(qū)域內(nèi)巖體進行室內(nèi)常規(guī)物理性質(zhì)試驗,并在該區(qū)域進行原位力學性質(zhì)試驗,以獲得試驗區(qū)域內(nèi)巖體準確的物理參數(shù),為后續(xù)開展隧道錨原位縮尺模型試驗和隧道錨穩(wěn)定性分析提供依據(jù)。原位縮尺模型試驗是本次試驗方案設計的主體。試驗以相似理論為依據(jù)并通過對比多個類似原位縮尺模型試驗結(jié)果,得出不同幾何相似比對巖體變形有著巨大的影響,各不相同的地質(zhì)條件和"尺寸效應"也導致試驗結(jié)果產(chǎn)生巨大的差異,為盡可能減少因"尺寸效應"帶來的影響,真實反映隧道錨及周圍巖體在荷載作用下的變形變位特征,確定本次縮尺模型的相似比為1:10。在試驗模型尺寸確定的基礎上,結(jié)合前期針對麗江岸實橋隧道錨有限元數(shù)值計算結(jié)果,得到試驗錨碇及圍巖在加載過程中的應力、位移變化規(guī)律和極限荷載下的巖體變形范圍,確定本次試驗的場地及范圍。為深入研究錨體及圍巖在荷載作用下的變位特征,將本試驗測試內(nèi)容確定為錨體及圍巖在荷載作用下的變形和應變等效應量。針對變形和應變等效應量編制采用電感式多點位移計測試錨碇及周圍巖體內(nèi)部變形;采用應變計測試錨碇內(nèi)部變形;采用智能數(shù)碼通用位移計測試錨碇及圍巖表面變形的測試方案;采用位錯計測試錨體與圍巖接觸面的相對位移。'為了達到試驗加載要求,模擬實際隧道錨所處的多種受荷模式,并克服拉拔方式中采用的反力大梁過于笨重等缺點,采用在錨碇后端面布置千斤頂?shù)暮笸品ǖ募虞d方式。原位縮尺模型試驗是一項系統(tǒng)工程,合適的試驗場地,精確的測試儀器,合理的儀器布置方案,有效可行的加載設備和簡便高效的采集設備缺一不可,本文就這些方面一一展開討論,準確把握試驗方向,依據(jù)試驗目的力爭制定出一套合理的試驗方案,利用地質(zhì)調(diào)查、巖體力學試驗、原位縮尺模型試驗等綜合手段,系統(tǒng)研究隧道錨所在區(qū)域工程地質(zhì)條件、巖體物理力學特性、隧道錨受力變形特性、流變特征、隧道錨承載能力及潛在破壞特征和隧道錨穩(wěn)定性等問題。驗證隧道式錨碇設計成果與計算方法的合理性,并確認這些結(jié)果所證實的一般規(guī)律與計算理論可推廣到實際結(jié)構(gòu)中去,為今后開展類似工程積累經(jīng)驗,提高人們關于各種參數(shù)對工程性能影響的認識,并為建立系統(tǒng)的隧道錨設計理論和方法,編制隧道錨相關規(guī)程規(guī)范提供依據(jù),促進隧道式錨碇設計技術的進步與發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In this paper, combined with Jinsha River Bridge, the research on the in-situ model test scheme of railway suspension bridge tunnel Anchorage is carried out. The comprehensive means of geological investigation, indoor rock mass mechanics test, in-situ rock mass mechanical property test, in-situ scale model test, etc. The engineering geological conditions, physical and mechanical properties of rock mass, deformation and displacement characteristics of tunnel anchors and surrounding rock, rheological characteristics of tunnel anchors in the region of tunnel anchors are systematically studied. The bearing capacity and potential failure characteristics of tunnel anchors and the stability of tunnel anchors are discussed. In order to accurately understand the mechanical properties of surrounding rocks in the Anchorage region of Shangri-La test, the rock mass in this area is selected for indoor routine physical property tests. In order to obtain the accurate physical parameters of rock mass in the test area, the in-situ mechanical property test was carried out in this area. The model test is the main part of the design of the test scheme. The model test is based on the similarity theory and through the comparison of several similar test results, the model test of tunnel anchor in situ scale model test and stability analysis of tunnel anchor in situ is the main part of the design of the test scheme. Results of in-situ scale model test, It is concluded that different geometric similarity ratios have a great influence on rock deformation, and different geological conditions and "size effects" also lead to great differences in test results, in order to minimize the impact of "size effect". The deformation and displacement characteristics of tunnel anchor and surrounding rock mass under load are truly reflected, and the similarity ratio of the scale model is determined to be 1: 10. Based on the determination of the size of the test model, Combined with the numerical results of finite element method for tunnel anchors in Lijiang bank, the stress, displacement and deformation range of test anchorages and surrounding rocks in the course of loading are obtained. Determine the site and scope of this test. In order to study the displacement characteristics of anchor and surrounding rock under load, The content of this test is determined as the deformation and strain of anchor and surrounding rock under load. The inductive multi-point displacement meter is used to test the deformation of Anchorage and surrounding rock mass. The strain gauge is used to test the internal deformation of the Anchorage; the intelligent digital universal displacement meter is used to test the deformation of the Anchorage and surrounding rock surface; the dislocation meter is used to measure the relative displacement of the interface between the anchor and the surrounding rock. It simulates many loading modes of actual tunnel anchors, and overcomes the drawback of reaction beam used in drawing mode. The loading method of setting Jack on the back face of Anchorage is adopted. The in-situ scale model test is a system engineering, a suitable test site, a precise test instrument and a reasonable instrument layout scheme. The effective and feasible loading equipment and the simple and efficient collecting equipment are indispensable. This paper discusses these aspects one by one, grasps the test direction accurately, makes a set of reasonable test plan according to the test purpose, and makes use of the geological survey. By means of comprehensive methods such as rock mass mechanics test, in-situ scaling model test and so on, the engineering geological conditions, rock mass physical and mechanical properties, stress and deformation characteristics and rheological characteristics of tunnel anchors in the region of tunnel anchors are systematically studied. The bearing capacity and potential failure characteristics of tunnel anchors and the stability of tunnel anchors are verified. The rationality of design results and calculation methods of tunnel anchorages is verified, and the general law and calculation theory verified by these results can be extended to practical structures. In order to accumulate experience of similar engineering in the future, improve people's understanding of the influence of various parameters on engineering performance, and provide the basis for the establishment of systematic theory and method of tunnel anchor design and the compilation of relevant specifications for tunnel anchor. To promote the progress and development of tunnel Anchorage design technology.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U448.25

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