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  本文選題：行人交通特性　切入點：行人二次過街　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：一條完整的出行鏈總是以行人的步行開始并結(jié)束。雖然步行交通是城市交通系統(tǒng)中的重要組成部分,但是由于機動車保有量的增加,城市道路不斷拓寬,行人與機動車之間的沖突問題日益突出。特別是在交叉口處,不同類型的交通流在同一時間互相穿插、彼此干擾。嚴重影響行人過街安全性、舒適性、快捷性。此外,在大型平面交叉口處,相交道路過寬,機動車交通流較大,行人通常無法在行人綠燈時間內(nèi)完成過街。導(dǎo)致行人被迫聚集在道路中央或在行人紅燈期間因無法忍受過長的等待時間而采取冒險強行穿越機動車流過街的行為。研究表明,在此類交叉口的道路中央設(shè)置行人安全島,把人行橫道分為兩部分,采用行人二次過街的方法,能夠有效的改善交叉口處行人的通行效率。針對上述情況,本文對行人二次過街的設(shè)置方法和行人延誤進行了深入研究,具體的研究工作包括以下幾個方面:(一)分析信號交叉口人行橫道處行人過街的心理特性、速度特性,并根據(jù)行人過街過程分析了行人過街的時間及空間需求,提出行人二次過街的必要性。(二)對交叉口行人二次過街設(shè)施的適用性進行了分析和總結(jié),提出了二次過街設(shè)施的設(shè)置方法和條件。并采用"相位疊加"的方法,設(shè)計了常見的三相位和四相位條件下信號交叉口的二次過街相位設(shè)計方案。在保證機動車通行效率的同時,充分利用時空資源組織行人二次過街。(三)假設(shè)車輛的車頭時距服從韋布爾分布,行人到達服從泊松分布,先分析行人一次過街延誤。再以此為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合二次過街行人相位的設(shè)計方案,構(gòu)建行人二次過街的延誤模型。并通過仿真軟件對模型進行檢驗,同時論證行人二次過街的改良效果。
[Abstract]:A complete travel chain always begins and ends with the pedestrian walk. Although pedestrian traffic is an important part of the urban transportation system, urban roads continue to widen as a result of the increase in the number of motor vehicles. Conflicts between pedestrians and motor vehicles are becoming increasingly prominent. Especially at intersections, different types of traffic flow intersect and interfere with each other at the same time. It seriously affects the safety, comfort and rapidity of pedestrians crossing the street. At large intersections, the intersection road is too wide and the traffic flow of motor vehicles is large. Pedestrians are usually unable to cross the street during pedestrian green time. This results in pedestrians being forced to gather in the middle of the road or risk forcible vehicle crossing during a pedestrian red light due to unbearable waiting times. A pedestrian safety island is set up in the middle of the road of this kind of intersection, and the crosswalk is divided into two parts. By using the method of pedestrian crossing twice, the pedestrian efficiency at the intersection can be effectively improved. This paper has carried on the thorough research to the pedestrian secondary crossing setting method and the pedestrian delay, the concrete research work includes the following several aspects: (1) analyzes the pedestrian crossing psychology characteristic, the speed characteristic at the signal intersection crosswalk, According to the pedestrian crossing process, the time and space requirement of pedestrian crossing is analyzed, and the necessity of pedestrian secondary crossing is put forward. (2) the applicability of pedestrian secondary crossing facilities at intersection is analyzed and summarized. The setting methods and conditions of secondary crossing facilities are put forward, and the method of "phase superposition" is adopted. The design scheme of secondary crossing phase of signalized intersection under the condition of three phase and four phase is designed. Make full use of time and space resources to organize pedestrians to cross the street twice. (3) assuming that the vehicle's headgear is distributed from Weibull, the pedestrian's arrival clothes are distributed from Poisson, the first analysis of the pedestrian's one-pass delay is based on this. Combined with the design scheme of pedestrian phase, the delay model of pedestrian secondary crossing is constructed, and the model is tested by simulation software, and the improved effect of pedestrian secondary crossing is proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491

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