本文選題：射流通風(fēng)　切入點(diǎn)：模型實(shí)驗(yàn)　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：縱向射流通風(fēng)方式因其簡易而經(jīng)濟(jì)被廣泛應(yīng)用于隧道通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中。通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中射流風(fēng)機(jī)的提速和升壓作用使得隧道內(nèi)污染氣體向洞口流動從而向外排出。本文基于相似原理進(jìn)行了模型實(shí)驗(yàn),通過模型實(shí)驗(yàn)與數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法研究了射流通風(fēng)下隧道內(nèi)氣體的流動情況。進(jìn)而,通過數(shù)值模擬值與實(shí)驗(yàn)值的對比,驗(yàn)證了數(shù)值模擬的正確性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,又以某市一座在建的公路隧道為原型,對不同風(fēng)機(jī)組合方式下隧道內(nèi)氣體的流動情況以及隧道洞口廢氣在外界不同風(fēng)向時(shí)的擴(kuò)散情況進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。通過分析數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果,確定了有利于提速和升壓的風(fēng)機(jī)串聯(lián)組合方式以及隧道洞口外部污染區(qū)域的范圍,為隧道內(nèi)風(fēng)機(jī)開啟方式及隧道周圍建筑群規(guī)劃提供了參考意見。本文的主要結(jié)論如下所示： 1.通過研究多組模型實(shí)驗(yàn)的測量數(shù)據(jù)可知,模型隧道內(nèi)不同位置的風(fēng)速沿程變化呈現(xiàn)一定的規(guī)律性。模型隧道中線處的風(fēng)速隨著距風(fēng)機(jī)出口距離的增加而逐漸下降；距模型隧道中線0.08m處,風(fēng)速隨著距風(fēng)機(jī)出口距離的增加先增加后下降；距模型隧道中線0.16m處,風(fēng)速沿程變化不大,在一定數(shù)值范圍內(nèi)波動。 2.通過對比數(shù)值模擬的計(jì)算值與模型實(shí)驗(yàn)的測量值可知,兩者的變化趨勢一致,并且數(shù)值大小基本接近。 3.采用Fluent建立三維穩(wěn)態(tài)湍流模型,研究了四種不同的風(fēng)機(jī)串聯(lián)模式下隧道內(nèi)風(fēng)速和壓力分布情況。將四種工況下的風(fēng)速和風(fēng)壓進(jìn)行對比,選出了一種最優(yōu)的方案。由此可知,隧道內(nèi)通風(fēng)效果,不僅僅是取決于串聯(lián)的組數(shù),也取決于串聯(lián)的模式。并且無論是哪種串聯(lián)模式,相鄰風(fēng)機(jī)組之間的距離不宜太遠(yuǎn),以利于升壓和提速。 4.采用Fluent數(shù)值模擬了隧道洞口外靜風(fēng)和有風(fēng)的情況下廢氣的擴(kuò)散情況。由模擬結(jié)果可知,無風(fēng)情況下廢氣主要向前方擴(kuò)散,而有風(fēng)情況下廢氣則主要沿風(fēng)向擴(kuò)散。有風(fēng)情況下廢氣向高空擴(kuò)散的速度要比無風(fēng)情況下慢,距地而40m高度以下,CO的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)已滿足規(guī)范要求。然而廢氣向道路兩側(cè)和隧道前方擴(kuò)散的快慢則依外界風(fēng)向與風(fēng)速而定。
[Abstract]:The longitudinal jet ventilation is widely used in the tunnel ventilation system because of its simplicity and economy. The velocity and pressure rise of jet fan in the ventilation system make the polluted gas in the tunnel flow to the opening of the tunnel and then be discharged from the tunnel. The model experiment is carried out on the principle of similarity. The flow of gas in the tunnel under jet ventilation is studied by the combination of model experiment and numerical simulation. Furthermore, the correctness of the numerical simulation is verified by comparing the numerical simulation value with the experimental value. Taking a highway tunnel under construction in a certain city as a prototype, the flow of gas in the tunnel under different fan combinations and the diffusion of exhaust gas from the tunnel entrance in different wind directions outside the tunnel are numerically simulated. The results of the numerical simulation are analyzed. The series combination mode of fan and the scope of the polluted area outside the tunnel entrance are determined, which provides the reference for the opening mode of fan in tunnel and the planning of building group around the tunnel. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:. 1. Through studying the measurement data of many groups of model experiments, it can be seen that the wind speed changes along different positions in the model tunnel, and the wind speed at the center of the model tunnel decreases gradually with the increase of the distance from the outlet of the fan; At 0.08m from the center of the model tunnel, the wind speed increases first and then decreases with the increase of the distance from the outlet of the wind turbine, and the wind speed fluctuates in a certain value range from 0.16m to the center line of the model tunnel. 2. By comparing the calculated value of numerical simulation with the measured value of model experiment, it can be seen that the change trend of the two values is consistent, and the numerical value is basically close to that of the model experiment. 3. Using Fluent to establish a three-dimensional steady turbulence model, the wind speed and pressure distribution in the tunnel under four different fan series modes are studied. By comparing the wind speed and the wind pressure under the four operating conditions, an optimal scheme is selected. The ventilation effect in the tunnel depends not only on the number of units in series, but also on the mode of series. 4. Fluent numerical simulation is used to simulate the diffusion of exhaust gas under the condition of static wind and wind outside the tunnel, and the simulation results show that the exhaust gas mainly diffuses forward in the case of no wind. In the case of wind, the exhaust gas diffuses mainly along the wind direction. In the case of wind, the velocity of the exhaust gas diffusing into the upper air is slower than that in the case of no wind. The mass fraction of CO below 40 m above the ground has met the requirements of the specification. However, the speed of diffusion of exhaust gas to both sides of the road and the front of the tunnel depends on the outside wind direction and wind speed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U453.5

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