本文選題：連續(xù)梁橋　切入點(diǎn)：減隔震　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：橋梁作為生命線工程很重要的一員,它的破壞將直接影響震后救援工作,使得次生災(zāi)害加重,所以進(jìn)行橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)是必不可少的。連續(xù)梁橋具備結(jié)構(gòu)剛度大、橋面變形小、動(dòng)力性能好、變形曲線平順、有利于高速行車等突出特點(diǎn),在我國中小跨徑橋梁中應(yīng)用極為廣泛。連續(xù)梁橋的支撐體系通常僅在一個(gè)中墩上布置固定支座,其余墩上布置活動(dòng)支座。這種支座布置方式,會(huì)導(dǎo)致固定墩在地震作用時(shí)承擔(dān)主要的縱橋向地震力,不能充分利用墩群的抗震能力。為了解決這個(gè)問題,本文提出了鋼阻尼盆式橡膠支座這種新型減隔震支座,并對(duì)該支座受水平力作用時(shí)的力學(xué)行為進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究。在對(duì)提出的鋼阻尼盆式橡膠支座的構(gòu)造和工作原理進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的說明之后,對(duì)新型支座構(gòu)造中主要部件之一的工字鋼阻尼器大變形下的力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了研究。首先推導(dǎo)了工字鋼阻尼器力-位移關(guān)系中屈服前剛度和屈服力的理論計(jì)算公式,其次考慮實(shí)際盆式橡膠支座的尺寸,確定了截面高度和阻尼器長度的取值范圍,采用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法擬合得到了工字鋼阻尼器力-位移關(guān)系中屈服后剛度和極限強(qiáng)度的簡化計(jì)算公式。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了工字鋼阻尼器的滯回曲線,并得到了其恢復(fù)力模型。在得到了工字鋼阻尼器的力-位移關(guān)系的主要力學(xué)參數(shù)后,對(duì)鋼阻尼器盆式橡膠支座在單向加載和低周往復(fù)加載時(shí)的力學(xué)行為進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究,分別推導(dǎo)了兩種加載方式下新型支座的力-位移分段函數(shù),并利用有限元數(shù)值模擬,進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步提出了新型支座的恢復(fù)力模型。將現(xiàn)代智能優(yōu)化算法中的模擬退火算法引入到新型支座的參數(shù)優(yōu)化中來,提出了基于模擬退火算法的支座參數(shù)優(yōu)化方法,并就其詳細(xì)的計(jì)算流程進(jìn)行了說明。算法的目標(biāo)函數(shù)定義為固定墩墩底彎矩減小率、墩底彎矩和減小率以及墩梁最大相對(duì)位移減小率三者之和。為了滿足不同的優(yōu)化目標(biāo),引入三個(gè)權(quán)重系數(shù)來表征上述三種減小率所占目標(biāo)函數(shù)的權(quán)重。最后,利用基于模擬退火算法的支座參數(shù)方法對(duì)采用了新型支座的某四跨連續(xù)梁橋進(jìn)行了參數(shù)優(yōu)化。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,新型支座可以起到減小連續(xù)梁橋固定墩受力和墩梁相對(duì)位移的作用;采用優(yōu)化后支座參數(shù),橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)在地震動(dòng)作用下抗震性能相比于初始新型支座得到了有效提升,驗(yàn)證了新型支座參數(shù)優(yōu)化方法的可行性。通過分析,總結(jié)出基于模擬退火算法的支座參數(shù)優(yōu)化方法具有通用性、易操作性和較高計(jì)算效率的優(yōu)點(diǎn),能夠很好地解決鋼阻尼盆式橡膠支座參數(shù)優(yōu)化的問題。
[Abstract]:As a very important member of lifeline engineering, the damage of bridge will directly affect the rescue work after the earthquake and aggravate the secondary disaster, so it is necessary to carry out seismic design of bridge structure. The bridge deck has the advantages of small deformation, good dynamic performance, smooth deformation curve, favorable to high-speed driving and so on. It is widely used in medium and small span bridges in China. The support system of continuous beam bridges is usually fixed on only one middle pier. The rest of the piers are arranged with movable supports. This type of support arrangement will lead to the bearing of the main longitudinal bridge seismic force on the fixed piers during the earthquake, and will not make full use of the seismic capacity of the piers. In order to solve this problem, In this paper, a new type of shock isolation support, steel damping basin rubber bearing, is proposed. The mechanical behavior of the bearing subjected to horizontal force is studied in detail. The structure and working principle of the proposed steel damping basin rubber bearing are explained in detail. The mechanical properties of I-steel damper, which is one of the main components of new-type support structure, are studied in this paper. Firstly, the theoretical formulas for calculating the yield stiffness and yield force in the load-displacement relation of I-steel damper are derived. Secondly, considering the size of the actual basin rubber bearing, the range of section height and damper length is determined. A simplified formula for calculating the yield stiffness and ultimate strength of I-beam damper is obtained by using statistical method. The hysteretic curve of I-beam damper is studied on this basis. After obtaining the main mechanical parameters of the load-displacement relationship of I-shaped steel dampers, the mechanical behavior of steel dampers under unidirectional loading and low-cycle reciprocating loading is studied in detail. The piecewise force-displacement functions of the new support under two loading modes are derived, and verified by finite element numerical simulation. Furthermore, the restoring force model of the new support is proposed. The simulated annealing algorithm of modern intelligent optimization algorithm is introduced into the parameter optimization of the new support, and the parameter optimization method based on simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. The objective function of the algorithm is defined as the reduction rate of the bending moment at the bottom of the fixed pier, the reduction rate of the bending moment at the bottom of the pier and the reduction rate of the maximum relative displacement of the pier beam. Three weight coefficients are introduced to represent the weight of the objective function occupied by the above three reduction rates. Finally, The parameters of a four-span continuous beam bridge with a new support are optimized by means of the support parameter method based on simulated annealing algorithm. The new support can reduce the force on the fixed pier and the relative displacement of the pier beam of the continuous beam bridge, and the seismic performance of the bridge structure under ground motion can be effectively improved compared with the initial new support by optimizing the parameters of the bearing. The feasibility of the new support parameter optimization method is verified. Through the analysis, the advantages of the support parameter optimization method based on simulated annealing algorithm are summarized, which are universal, easy to operate and high calculation efficiency. It can solve the problem of parameter optimization of steel damping basin rubber bearing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U442.55

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