發(fā)布時間：2018-03-18 03:25

  本文選題：耐撞性　切入點：能量吸收　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著交通事故率的不斷遞增,吸能構(gòu)件的耐撞性能在保障乘員生命與財產(chǎn)安全過程中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。翻轉(zhuǎn)管作為新式吸能結(jié)構(gòu)在碰撞時具有高度的載荷穩(wěn)定性以及能量吸收性能,但目前國內(nèi)的相關(guān)研究應(yīng)用卻十分缺乏�；趯ε鲎舶踩缘男枰�,本論文對翻轉(zhuǎn)管的變形模式與吸能特性進(jìn)行研究,對翻轉(zhuǎn)式吸能元件進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,并最終將其應(yīng)用于汽車吸能盒中。具體研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)論述了自由翻轉(zhuǎn)的變形模式與吸能機(jī)理。將翻轉(zhuǎn)管與圓管、六邊形管和多胞管的吸能特性進(jìn)行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)翻轉(zhuǎn)管的主要吸能優(yōu)勢在于高度的載荷一致性,但有效壓縮距離較短。另外對翻轉(zhuǎn)變形模式的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),圓環(huán)區(qū)寬度和加載速度均會對變形趨向性產(chǎn)生影響,管件材料會對變形穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生影響。(2)提出二節(jié)翻轉(zhuǎn)管變形可控的設(shè)計方案,通過引入倒角和采用變厚度使有效壓縮行程最大化。提出二節(jié)與三節(jié)錐形翻轉(zhuǎn)管的尺寸設(shè)計方程,該方程能夠使錐形翻轉(zhuǎn)管的有效壓縮行程最大化,并通過數(shù)值模擬得到驗證。另外通過倒角與變厚度進(jìn)行三節(jié)直翻轉(zhuǎn)管的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的翻管成型工藝給出了兩種結(jié)構(gòu)加工成型方案,為翻轉(zhuǎn)管的實際工程應(yīng)用提供技術(shù)支撐。(3)將翻轉(zhuǎn)變形吸能模式應(yīng)用到車用吸能盒的設(shè)計當(dāng)中,利用前縱梁內(nèi)部空間提高吸能盒的壓縮行程。并通過在吸能盒中填充泡沫鋁材料提高其斜向載荷下的變形穩(wěn)定性,同時吸能量也得到提高。(4)對填充式吸能盒進(jìn)行軸向抗沖擊模擬試驗。對于同一壁厚的翻轉(zhuǎn)管來說,泡沫鋁孔隙率增大,吸能量與壓潰峰值力均線性遞減。比吸能也隨孔隙率增大而下降,但存在壁厚越小下降幅度越大的特點。同時還發(fā)現(xiàn)孔隙率為82.4%左右的泡沫鋁填充結(jié)構(gòu)其壓縮力效率最高。(5)以一定壓縮距離下的吸能量最大化、結(jié)構(gòu)總質(zhì)量最小化為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),對填充式翻轉(zhuǎn)吸能盒進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化。采用響應(yīng)面近似模型,并通過第二代非支配排序遺傳算法求得Pareto最優(yōu)解,為結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計提供參考。
[Abstract]:With the increasing traffic accident rate, The crashworthiness of energy absorption components plays a more and more important role in the process of ensuring the safety of occupants' lives and property. As a new energy absorption structure, the flip tube has high load stability and energy absorption performance. Due to the need of collision safety, this paper studies the deformation mode and energy absorption characteristics of the flip tube, and designs the structure of the flip energy absorption element. Finally, it is applied to the energy absorption box of the automobile. The specific research contents are as follows: 1) the deformation mode and energy absorption mechanism of the free turnover are discussed. The energy absorption characteristics of the flip tube and the circular tube, the hexagonal tube and the polycell tube are compared. It is found that the main energy absorption advantage of the flip tube lies in the consistency of the height of the load, but the effective compression distance is relatively short. In addition, it is found that the width of the ring and the loading speed will affect the deformation tendency. Tube fitting material will have an effect on deformation stability. (2) A design scheme of controllable deformation of two-section flip tube is proposed. The effective compression stroke is maximized by introducing chamfer and variable thickness, and the size design equation of two-section and three-section taper tube is proposed. The equation can maximize the effective compression stroke of the taper tube. In addition, through chamfering and variable thickness, the structure design of three straight inverted tubes is carried out. Two kinds of structural processing schemes are given according to the existing turning process. To provide technical support for the practical engineering application of the flip tube. (3) to apply the flip deformation energy absorption mode to the design of the vehicle energy absorption box. The compression stroke of the energy absorption box is increased by using the inner space of the front longitudinal beam, and the deformation stability of the energy absorption box under oblique load is improved by filling the foam aluminum material in the energy absorption box. At the same time, the absorption energy is also increased. 4) the axial impact simulation test is carried out on the filled energy absorption box. For the same wall thickness flip tube, the porosity of aluminum foam increases. The energy absorption and peak crushing force decrease linearly, and the specific energy absorption decreases with the increase of porosity. However, the smaller the wall thickness is, the greater the decrease of wall thickness is. It is also found that the maximum compression force efficiency of aluminum foam filled structure with porosity of about 82.4% is maximized at a certain compression distance, and the optimization goal is to minimize the total mass of the structure. In this paper, the structure parameters of the filled flip energy absorption box are optimized by multi-objective method. The response surface approximation model is adopted and the Pareto optimal solution is obtained by the second generation undominated sorting genetic algorithm, which provides a reference for the structure design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.6

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