發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-15 02:26

  本文選題：虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)　切入點(diǎn)：動(dòng)態(tài)勢(shì)場(chǎng)　出處：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：智能交通系統(tǒng)是未來(lái)交通發(fā)展的方向,仿真技術(shù)作為研究交通系統(tǒng)的有效手段,在智能交通領(lǐng)域有很好的應(yīng)用前景。成功的搭建城市交通仿真模型,可以為交通道路設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù)。城市道路交通流是城市交通中的主要組成因素,而虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)被證明非常適用于對(duì)城市道路交通流進(jìn)行模擬研究,城市道路交通流虛擬模擬能夠?yàn)樾腥私煌ò踩逃约俺鞘械缆方煌鬟\(yùn)動(dòng)研究提供重要參考,具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義和廣泛的研究前景。動(dòng)態(tài)隱勢(shì)場(chǎng)模型作為流體仿真的一個(gè)經(jīng)典模型,將影響大規(guī)模群體運(yùn)動(dòng)的因素綜合為一個(gè)連續(xù)的流場(chǎng),大幅提升了仿真效果。該模型已經(jīng)被國(guó)內(nèi)外研究者運(yùn)用到大規(guī)模人群仿真研究中,并取得了一定的研究進(jìn)展。由于人群行為的自由度比較高,而車輛的行為可以看作是一個(gè)人群行為的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)化,我們可以考慮將動(dòng)態(tài)隱勢(shì)場(chǎng)模型運(yùn)用到車輛仿真上。因此,本文針對(duì)交通樞紐復(fù)雜的交通情況,研究基于動(dòng)態(tài)隱勢(shì)場(chǎng)的城市道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的車輛三維仿真方法。根據(jù)車輛在不同交通狀況下的行為特點(diǎn),本文為虛擬車輛賦予了多種智能化的運(yùn)動(dòng)策略,使車輛能夠合理應(yīng)對(duì)各種情況。在滿足真實(shí)感和實(shí)時(shí)性的前提下,實(shí)現(xiàn)了虛擬車輛的智能化運(yùn)動(dòng)。具體完成的創(chuàng)新工作如下:(1)提出了一種基于動(dòng)態(tài)勢(shì)場(chǎng)的車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)模型。根據(jù)路況信息生成指導(dǎo)車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)的全局勢(shì)場(chǎng),完成局部區(qū)域的碰撞避免與車輛路徑規(guī)劃。并基于動(dòng)態(tài)勢(shì)場(chǎng)模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)了車輛的跟馳、換道行為。(2)提出了基于FIM(Fast Iterative Method)算法的車輛仿真優(yōu)化方案。由于上述車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真模型效率的主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為勢(shì)場(chǎng)的構(gòu)建速度,本文提出了基于FIM算法的勢(shì)場(chǎng)并行計(jì)算方法,優(yōu)化勢(shì)場(chǎng)的構(gòu)建效率。此外,本文結(jié)合CPU和GPU的運(yùn)算特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了不同的架構(gòu)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)車輛仿真系統(tǒng),并最終得到了性能最為優(yōu)良的基于多核CPU+GPU的并行異構(gòu)的車輛仿真系統(tǒng)。(3)提出了基于并行環(huán)境的較為通用的地形信息描述方法。該方法建立了較為通用的場(chǎng)景表示方法和交通樞紐道路表示模型。本文以北京南站周圍場(chǎng)景為例,同時(shí)運(yùn)用上述車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)模型和仿真優(yōu)化方案,實(shí)現(xiàn)了具有較高實(shí)時(shí)性的基于勢(shì)場(chǎng)的車輛三維真實(shí)感仿真。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,本文方法能夠在大規(guī)模車輛的實(shí)時(shí)渲染場(chǎng)景中獲得良好的仿真效果和仿真效率。在萬(wàn)車輛級(jí)別的場(chǎng)景想,仿真效率可以達(dá)到80fps。最并基于上述研究,設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)面向城市道路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的車輛三維仿真系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:Intelligent Transportation system is the direction of traffic development in the future. As an effective means to study traffic system, simulation technology has a good application prospect in the field of intelligent transportation. Urban road traffic flow is the main component of urban traffic, and virtual reality technology has been proved to be very suitable for the simulation of urban road traffic flow. Virtual simulation of urban road traffic flow can provide important reference for pedestrian traffic safety education and urban road traffic flow movement research. As a classical model of fluid simulation, the factors affecting mass movement are synthesized into a continuous flow field. This model has been applied to the large-scale crowd simulation research, and has made some progress. Because of the high degree of freedom of crowd behavior, But the behavior of the vehicle can be regarded as a simplification of the behavior of a crowd. We can consider applying the dynamic hidden potential field model to the vehicle simulation. The 3D simulation method of urban road network based on dynamic hidden potential field is studied. According to the behavior characteristics of vehicles under different traffic conditions, this paper gives a variety of intelligent motion strategies for virtual vehicles. So that the vehicle can deal with all kinds of situations reasonably. Under the premise of satisfying the reality and real time, The intelligent motion of virtual vehicle is realized. The creative work is as follows: 1) A vehicle motion model based on dynamic situation field is proposed. According to the road condition information, the whole situation field is generated to guide the vehicle movement. The collision avoidance and vehicle path planning in local area are completed. Based on the dynamic situation field model, the car-following of vehicle is realized. This paper proposes a vehicle simulation optimization scheme based on FIM(Fast Iterative method algorithm. Because the main criterion of the efficiency of the vehicle motion simulation model is the speed of constructing potential field, a parallel computing method of potential field based on FIM algorithm is proposed in this paper. In addition, according to the operation characteristics of CPU and GPU, different architectures are designed to realize the vehicle simulation system. Finally, the most excellent parallel heterogeneous vehicle simulation system based on multi-core CPU GPU is obtained. A more general terrain information description method based on parallel environment is proposed. A more general scene table is established by this method. Demonstration method and traffic hub road representation model. This paper takes the scene around Beijing South Railway Station as an example, At the same time, the vehicle 3D realistic simulation based on potential field is realized with the above vehicle motion model and simulation optimization scheme. The experimental results show that, This method can obtain good simulation effect and simulation efficiency in real-time rendering scene of large-scale vehicles. In the scene of ten thousand vehicles level, the simulation efficiency can reach 80 fps. and based on the above research, A three-dimensional vehicle simulation system for urban road traffic network is designed and implemented.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U495;TP391.9
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本文編號(hào)：1614031