本文選題：米倉山隧道　切入點：涌突水　出處：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著公路交通系統(tǒng)建設(shè)規(guī)模的不斷擴大,我國已修建了不少的長隧道、特長隧道以及隧道群,但是隧道作為地下建筑物,在隧道的施工過程中經(jīng)常遇到涌突水等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,并且危害性巨大,嚴重影響施工安全和隧道運營。本文以巴陜高速公路的米倉山隧道作為研究對象,通過對米倉山隧道區(qū)域的工程地質(zhì)條件和水文地質(zhì)條件特征進行調(diào)查和研究,查明地下水系統(tǒng)的補、徑、排條件和地下水類型,在此基礎(chǔ)上綜合選取評價指標(biāo),建立了米倉山隧道涌突水危險性預(yù)測評價系統(tǒng),對隧道涌突水危險性進行評價和研究,并采用傳統(tǒng)理論方法和數(shù)值模擬方法對隧道涌水量進行預(yù)測,對可能發(fā)生的涌突水災(zāi)害提出綜合超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報原則和合理有效治理涌突水災(zāi)害的措施。通過研究取得以下成果和認識:(1)根據(jù)前期米倉山隧道的工程地質(zhì)條件和水文地質(zhì)條件,并通過對米倉山隧道的地質(zhì)環(huán)境和涌突水的影響因素分析,運用模糊數(shù)學(xué)層析分析法,選取地層巖性條件、地形和地貌條件、地質(zhì)構(gòu)造條件、隧道長度及埋深、地下水發(fā)育狀況作為評價指標(biāo),對選取的評價指標(biāo)進行量化和取值,建立了米倉山隧道涌突水危險性預(yù)測評價系統(tǒng)。(2)依據(jù)建立的米倉山隧道涌突水危險性預(yù)測評價系統(tǒng),對米倉山隧道涌突水危險性預(yù)測評價,評價結(jié)果為:1個極高危險區(qū)(V)、3個高危險區(qū)(IV)、6個中危險區(qū)(III)和8個較低危險區(qū)(II),沒有低危險區(qū)。按長度統(tǒng)計,米倉山隧道共長13392m,其中極高危險區(qū)(V)1640m,占12.2%;高危險區(qū)(IV)726m,占5.4%;中危險區(qū)(III)1056m,占7.9%;較低危險區(qū)(II)9970m,占74.4%,研究表明米倉山隧道涌突水的危險性等級主要集中在極高危險區(qū)、高危險區(qū)和中危險區(qū)。(3)通過深入分析米倉山隧道的地質(zhì)條件及地下水循環(huán)特征,采用傳統(tǒng)理論的大氣降雨入滲法和地下水動力學(xué)法,以及Visual modflow數(shù)值模擬法對米倉山隧道分段進行涌水量計算。根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)理論方法的涌水量計算結(jié)果與數(shù)值模擬方法的隧道涌水量結(jié)果進行比較和分析表明:采用大氣降水入滲方法計算的隧道涌水量和其他幾種方法比較結(jié)果明顯偏小,運用地下水動力學(xué)法的裘布依理論公式計算的涌水量稍微偏小;運用古德曼經(jīng)驗式計算的隧道涌水量和數(shù)值模擬計算的最大涌水量結(jié)果比較的接近。結(jié)合對米倉山隧道的危險性預(yù)測評價,即在隧址區(qū)K41+440~K43+080段涌水量最大為100901~104513.976 m3/d,為V級預(yù)測危險區(qū)段落,其次是K41+260~K41+440段、K43+080~K43+360段,為IV級預(yù)測危險性段落。(4)總結(jié)、分析各種超前預(yù)報方法的優(yōu)缺點和不良地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的響應(yīng)特征,針對米倉山隧道復(fù)雜的地質(zhì)情況和涌突水危險性評價結(jié)果,采用地質(zhì)分析法、TSP法、地質(zhì)雷達法和超前鉆孔等有針對性的超前預(yù)報方法來預(yù)防涌突水災(zāi)害的發(fā)生,并構(gòu)建了適用于本隧道的綜合的涌突水超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報體系,為隧道的綜合超前地質(zhì)提供一種較為完善的預(yù)報模式。(5)通過對隧道治理措施的研究,結(jié)合米倉山隧道的涌突水災(zāi)害特點,制定了涌突水處治原則:封堵與排放結(jié)合原則;隧道開挖與超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報相結(jié)合的原則;隧道突水關(guān)鍵部位重點監(jiān)測的原則;跟蹤監(jiān)測、信息化動態(tài)調(diào)控的原則。(6)根據(jù)對米倉山隧道的涌突水危險性分析和涌水量的預(yù)測,應(yīng)對不同的涌突水災(zāi)害,采取清淤和回填、全斷面深孔預(yù)注漿、隧道周邊深孔預(yù)注漿等措施進行治理。
[Abstract]:Along with the development of the highway transportation system construction scale continues to expand, China has built a lot of long tunnel, tunnel and tunnel group, but as the tunnel underground buildings, water gushing and other geological disasters often encountered in the construction process of the tunnel, and the great harm, seriously affect the safety of construction and operation. The Israeli Palestinian Shaanxi highway tunnel the Cangshan tunnel as the research object, carries on the investigation and Study on the engineering geological conditions of the tunnel area m Cangshan and hydrogeology conditions, groundwater system, groundwater discharge conditions and the size, type, on the basis of comprehensive evaluation indicators, established the Cangshan tunnel meters prediction and evaluation system of water inrush risk in the tunnel, water gushing hazard evaluation and research, and using the traditional theoretical method and numerical simulation method to predict the water inflow in the tunnel, the possible occurrence of Water inrush disaster of comprehensive geological prediction principle of reasonable and effective governance of water inrush disaster measures. Conclusions are as follows: (1) through the study of early rice in Cangshan according to the engineering geological conditions and hydrogeological conditions of the tunnel, and the geological environment of Cangshan tunnel and the influence factors of rice water gushing analysis. The analysis method using fuzzy chromatography, lithology condition, topographic and geomorphic conditions, geological conditions, tunnel length and depth, groundwater development status as evaluation index, and quantify the value of the selection of evaluation index, established the Cangshan tunnel meters prediction and evaluation system of water inrush risk. (2) on the basis of rice in Cangshan the establishment of the tunnel water inrush hazard assessment and prediction system, water inrush hazard assessment and prediction of Cangshan m tunnel, the evaluation results are as follows: 1 a high risk area (V), 3 (IV), 6 high-risk areas out of danger Area (III) and 8 low risk area (II), no low risk area. According to the length of statistics, Cangshan meters long tunnel 13392m, the high risk areas (V 1640m), accounting for 12.2%; high risk area (IV 726M), accounting for 5.4%; in the danger zone (III) of 1056m, accounting for 7.9% low risk area; (II) 9970m, accounting for 74.4%, studies show that the risk level of water inrush meters of Cangshan tunnel mainly concentrated in high risk areas, high-risk areas and in the dangerous area. (3) through in-depth analysis of geological conditions of Cangshan tunnel meters and groundwater circulation characteristics, using the traditional theory in atmospheric precipitation infiltration and groundwater dynamics method, and the Visual MODFLOW numerical simulation method of tunnel water inflow of Cangshan meters piecewise calculation. According to the traditional theory and method of gushing water in tunnel water inflow calculation and numerical simulation methods were compared and analysis show that the tunnel water inflow in the precipitation infiltration and its calculation method He had several methods resultssignificantly smaller inflow using Dupuit formula of groundwater dynamics calculation is slightly small; use of water inflow in the tunnel and numerical simulation of Goodman empirical formulae for calculating the maximum inflow calculation results. Combined with the risk of m close to the Cangshan tunnel forecast evaluation, namely in the tunnel area K41+440~K43+080 water was 100901~104513.976 m3/d, V forecast the dangerous area of passage, followed by the K41+260~K41+440 segment, K43+080~K43+360 segment, IV risk prediction. Paragraph (4) summary, analysis of response characteristics of various prediction methods and the advantages and disadvantages of the adverse geological disasters, aiming at the complex geological conditions of Cangshan tunnel and surge meters the water inrush risk evaluation results, the geological analysis method, TSP method, geological radar and advanced drilling and so on prediction methods of preventing water inrush disaster Happen, and the construction of the tunnel is suitable for the integrated water inrush geological forecast system, comprehensive geological tunnel provides a perfect forecast model. (5) through the research of tunnel control measures, combined with the characteristics of Cangshan Bay Tunnel meters water bursting disaster set, water gushing treatment principle: the principle of combining plugging and emission; tunnel excavation combined with geological prediction of tunnel water inrush principle; the key parts of the key monitoring principle; tracking and monitoring, information dynamic control principle. (6) according to the analysis and prediction of water inrush surge risk and inflow of rice in Cangshan tunnel, deal with different surge the disaster of water inrush, take dredging and backfilling, the whole section deep hole grouting, tunnel surrounding deep hole grouting and other measures of governance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U453.61

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