本文選題：公交信號優(yōu)先　切入點：�？空�　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：交通擁堵一直是困擾世界各國城市的主要難題,在全球倡導(dǎo)節(jié)能減排的今天,公交優(yōu)先被認為是緩解城市交通問題,提高交通運輸效率,促進交通與城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要手段。在我國及眾多發(fā)展中國家的城市,地面常規(guī)公交系統(tǒng)承擔著城市客運的主力,在公交系統(tǒng)的總體服務(wù)水平和運行可靠度較差,公交吸引力較低且改善手段又相對有限,而專用道、場站等公交優(yōu)先基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施得到大力發(fā)展的情況下,公交信號優(yōu)先控制理論的研究極具現(xiàn)實意義。論文首先提出交叉口處公交�？空镜牟荚O(shè)位置會影響到公交信號優(yōu)先控制策略的實施效果,然后對停靠站的設(shè)置位置進行分類并據(jù)此分析其相應(yīng)的�？啃袨樘匦浴Ρ确治鐾？空疚挥诼范魏徒徊婵谏蠈煌ǖ挠绊�,并以西安市小寨區(qū)域58處公交�？空镜膶嶋H布設(shè)位置為例,認為公交�？空緫�(yīng)考慮設(shè)置在交叉口附近。將停靠站和交叉口作為一個整體統(tǒng)籌考慮,無論從理論分析、數(shù)據(jù)模擬還是工程規(guī)范角度來說,在滿足用地條件的前提下,交叉口下游�？空揪鶅�(yōu)于上游�？空�。公交信號優(yōu)先控制策略中,在綜合考慮交叉口下游停靠站車輛排隊和公交運行狀態(tài)的相互影響的情況下,建立了公交信號優(yōu)先配時優(yōu)化模型和公交優(yōu)先申請生成模型。公交信號優(yōu)先配時優(yōu)化模型以英國的Webster法為基礎(chǔ),在考慮客流量的情況下,以交叉口人均延誤最小為目標函數(shù),按照客流量的比例確定綠信比,并對各相位各進口道的飽和度取臨界限值,確定交叉口科學(xué)合理的信號控制優(yōu)化方案。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)下游停靠站排隊是否“溢出”和公交車輛到站時間是否“早到”分別作為排隊條件和準點條件,判斷是否給予該公交車優(yōu)先權(quán),并對公交車輛采取相應(yīng)的控制策略,其中公交到站時間預(yù)測模型是系統(tǒng)判斷的關(guān)鍵。最后,論文以西安市雁塔路-育才路交叉口及其下游的�？空緸槔�,模擬北進口到達的公交車流,采用數(shù)學(xué)計算的方法,對本文提出的配時優(yōu)化模型和公交信號優(yōu)先的控制策略進行驗證分析。目標交叉口各項延誤的降低和公交車輛到站時間時刻表偏移值的縮短,證明了該控制策略的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Traffic congestion has always been a major problem for cities all over the world. Today, when the world advocates energy saving and emission reduction, bus priority is regarded as alleviating urban traffic problems and improving transportation efficiency. In the cities of our country and many developing countries, the ground routine public transport system is the main force of urban passenger transport, and the overall service level and operation reliability of the public transport system is poor. Public transport is less attractive and has relatively limited means of improvement, while public transport priority infrastructure, such as dedicated lanes and bus stops, has been greatly developed. It is of great practical significance to study the theory of bus signal priority control. Firstly, the paper puts forward that the location of bus stop at intersection will affect the effect of bus signal priority control strategy. Then the location of the stop is classified and the corresponding behavior characteristics of the stop are analyzed. The influence of the parking station on the traffic on the road section and the intersection is compared and analyzed. Taking the actual location of 58 bus stops in Xiaozhai area of Xi'an as an example, it is considered that the bus stop should be located near the intersection. The parking station and intersection are considered as a whole, regardless of the theoretical analysis. From the point of view of data simulation or engineering specification, under the premise of satisfying the condition of land use, the downstream stop of intersection is superior to the upstream stop. Considering the interaction between vehicle queuing and bus operation at the downstream stop of intersection, The optimization model of bus signal priority timing and the generation model of bus priority application are established. The model is based on the British Webster method and takes the minimum delay per person at intersection as the objective function under the consideration of passenger flow. The green signal ratio is determined according to the proportion of passenger flow, and the critical limit value of saturation of each phase entrance channel is taken, and the scientific and reasonable signal control optimization scheme of intersection is determined. According to whether the queue at the downstream stop is "overflow" or not and whether the bus arrival time is "early" as the queuing condition and the punctuality condition, it is judged whether to give the bus priority or not, and the corresponding control strategy is adopted to the public transport vehicle. The prediction model of bus arrival time is the key to the system judgment. Finally, taking the intersection of Yanta Road and Yucai Road in Xi'an City as an example, the paper simulates the bus flow arriving at the north entrance and adopts the method of mathematical calculation. The optimal timing model and the bus signal priority control strategy proposed in this paper are verified and analyzed. The delay at the target intersection is reduced and the deviation of the bus arrival time table is shortened. The feasibility and effectiveness of the control strategy are proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.54

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本文編號：1587345