本文關鍵詞： 公交系統(tǒng) 突發(fā)事件 應急交通 疏散策略　出處：《重慶交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國城市突發(fā)事件時有發(fā)生,不僅給社會和個人造成了巨大的經(jīng)濟損失,而且嚴重威脅了突發(fā)事件發(fā)生區(qū)域內(nèi)的人們的生命安全。并且,隨著我國綜合實力的不斷增強,在城市舉辦的國內(nèi)和國外的大型活動越來越多,大大增加了突發(fā)事件發(fā)生的可能性。突發(fā)事件一旦發(fā)生,周邊的交通設施可能會遭到不同程度的破壞,驟增的交通流勢必會打破正常情況下城市交通的供需平衡,甚至會導致大面積的交通擁堵,因此,有必要提前制定符合突發(fā)事件特性的應急交通疏散方案并定期演練。本文旨在研究突發(fā)事件下應急交通疏散路徑選擇問題和應急交通疏散策略,以期在完善突發(fā)事件下應急交通疏散理論,同時為有關部門制定高效、合理的應急交通疏散方案提供參考。本文采用定性與定量相結合的研究方法,定性分析突發(fā)事件對城市交通的影響、應急交通疏散的基本特征、應急交通疏散預案的制定、應急交通疏散的組織過程和應急交通疏散策略;定量研究應急條件下道路通行能力、應急交通疏散時間的計算和基于城市公交系統(tǒng)的應急交通疏散路徑選擇模型。考慮到我國的基本國情和公交系統(tǒng)運量大、高效等特點,本文選擇公交車和軌道交通車輛來完成突發(fā)事件下事發(fā)區(qū)域內(nèi)人員的疏散。本文分析了突發(fā)事件下的路網(wǎng)通行能力,并在此基礎上總結了路段疏散時間的計算方法;在構建應急交通疏散路徑選擇模型時,首次考慮了軌道交通的飛速發(fā)展對應急交通疏散的重要作用;運用運籌學理論中的網(wǎng)絡流理論,首次構建了疏散需求與交通供給在非平衡狀態(tài)下應急交通疏散路徑選擇模型,并用實例驗證了其可行性;分別從宏觀、微觀、靜態(tài)、動態(tài)四個方面給出應急交通疏散策略,為應急交通疏散方案的高效實行提供了可靠的保障。本論文的研究可以提高突發(fā)事件下現(xiàn)代交通系統(tǒng)的快速反應能力,保障應急工作高效開展,減少事發(fā)區(qū)域內(nèi)人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟損失,有效控制突發(fā)事件進一步擴散和蔓延,最大程度地降低突發(fā)事件對城市正常交通的不良影響,保障社會穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:In recent years, urban emergencies have occurred from time to time in China, which not only caused huge economic losses to the society and individuals, but also seriously threatened the lives of people in the areas where emergencies occurred. With the continuous strengthening of our country's comprehensive strength, there are more and more large-scale activities held in cities, both at home and abroad, which greatly increase the possibility of unexpected events. Once emergencies occur, The surrounding traffic facilities may be damaged to varying degrees. A sudden increase in traffic flow will inevitably upset the balance between supply and demand in urban traffic under normal circumstances, and even lead to a large area of traffic congestion. It is necessary to make emergency traffic evacuation plan according to the characteristics of emergency events in advance and conduct regular exercises. This paper aims to study the problem of emergency traffic evacuation path selection and emergency traffic evacuation strategy. In order to perfect the theory of emergency traffic evacuation under emergency, and to provide reference for relevant departments to formulate efficient and reasonable emergency traffic evacuation plan. Qualitative analysis of the impact of emergencies on urban traffic, the basic characteristics of emergency traffic evacuation, emergency traffic evacuation plan formulation, emergency traffic evacuation organization process and emergency traffic evacuation strategy; This paper quantitatively studies the road capacity, the calculation of emergency traffic evacuation time and the emergency traffic evacuation path selection model based on urban public transport system under emergency conditions. Considering the basic conditions of our country and the characteristics of large volume and high efficiency of public transport system, etc. In this paper, bus and rail transit vehicles are selected to complete the evacuation of people in the accident area. This paper analyzes the road network capacity under the emergency, and summarizes the method of calculating the evacuation time. In constructing the evacuation path selection model of emergency traffic, it is the first time that the rapid development of rail transit plays an important role in emergency traffic evacuation. For the first time, an emergency traffic evacuation path selection model is constructed under the condition of non-equilibrium of evacuation demand and traffic supply, and its feasibility is verified by an example. The emergency traffic evacuation strategy is given from macro, micro, static and dynamic aspects, respectively. The research in this paper can improve the rapid response ability of modern transportation system in emergencies and ensure the efficient development of emergency work. Reduce casualties and economic losses in the accident area, effectively control the spread and spread of emergencies, minimize the adverse impact of emergencies on urban normal traffic, and ensure social stability.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.17;U492.8

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前3條

1 路靜;代義軍;;大型活動的靜態(tài)交通組織方法研究與應用[J];交通與運輸(學術版);2009年02期

2 張釗;晏啟鵬;劉瀾;;突發(fā)事件下應急交通疏散管理研究[J];鐵道運輸與經(jīng)濟;2009年05期

3 嚴新平;熊偉;;非常態(tài)事件下城市交通的解決方案研究[J];交通運輸系統(tǒng)工程與信息;2008年06期

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 于妍霞;局部擁擠條件下城市交通控制和誘導策略與技術研究[D];吉林大學;2007年

，

本文編號：1554490