本文關(guān)鍵詞： 車輛路徑問題 公共自行車調(diào)配 混合禁忌搜索算法 時(shí)變環(huán)境　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近些年來,城市公共自行車憑借其綠色環(huán)保、靈活方便的特點(diǎn)逐漸在全國范圍內(nèi)普及,成為了城市公共交通系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分。公共自行車系統(tǒng)可以有效對(duì)接其他公共交通工具,解決城市公共交通"最后一公里"問題,在短距離出行方面具有顯著優(yōu)勢。運(yùn)營商在發(fā)展城市公共自行車系統(tǒng)過程中遭遇到租賃站點(diǎn)布局、公共自行車調(diào)度、車輛耗損等諸多難題,其中,公共自行車的調(diào)度問題對(duì)于系統(tǒng)發(fā)展起到了極大的制約作用。公共自行車的車輛調(diào)度旨在解決系統(tǒng)中存在的"租車難、還車難"問題,運(yùn)營商通過調(diào)度中心的合理規(guī)劃,重新布局租賃站點(diǎn)中的自行車存量來滿足乘客的出行需求。本文對(duì)多類型城市公共自行車調(diào)運(yùn)優(yōu)化問題進(jìn)行研究,旨在通過對(duì)調(diào)度車輛的路徑以及裝卸貨策略進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,提高城市公共自行車系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行效率。首先,針對(duì)公共自行車調(diào)配問題的背景和系統(tǒng)特性進(jìn)行分析,考慮到運(yùn)行環(huán)境和調(diào)度車輛對(duì)于車輛調(diào)度的影響,總結(jié)出多類型公共自行車調(diào)度的問題特性。其次,在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,以最小化車輛調(diào)度成本和未滿足顧客需求的懲罰成本之和為目標(biāo)函數(shù),建立了靜態(tài)和時(shí)變需求環(huán)境下的車輛調(diào)度模型。最后,針對(duì)不同調(diào)配環(huán)境下的多類型公共自行車調(diào)配模型進(jìn)行算法設(shè)計(jì)和求解。本文設(shè)計(jì)了混合禁忌搜索算法對(duì)問題進(jìn)行求解,該算法以禁忌搜索算法為主體結(jié)構(gòu),加入了節(jié)約算法、精確算法以及貪心算法等算法策略,并針對(duì)算法的鄰域結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新,通過算例分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)該算法能夠有效地平衡算法運(yùn)行時(shí)間和求解質(zhì)量,實(shí)現(xiàn)多類型公共自行車調(diào)配的優(yōu)化目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, urban public bicycles have become more and more popular throughout the country by virtue of their green, environmentally friendly, flexible and convenient characteristics. It has become an important part of the urban public transport system. The public bicycle system can effectively connect with other public transport vehicles and solve the "last kilometer" problem of urban public transport. In the process of developing the urban public bicycle system, operators have encountered many difficulties, such as the layout of rental stations, the scheduling of public bicycles, vehicle wear and tear, and so on. The scheduling problem of public bicycle has a great restriction on the development of the system. The vehicle scheduling of public bicycle aims to solve the problem of "car rental difficulty, car return difficulty" existing in the system, and the operator through the reasonable planning of the dispatching center. In order to meet the travel demand of passengers, this paper studies the optimization of public bicycle transportation in many types of cities, aiming at optimizing the route of vehicle scheduling and loading and unloading strategy. First of all, the background and system characteristics of the public bicycle allocation problem are analyzed, considering the impact of the running environment and the vehicle scheduling on the vehicle scheduling. The problem characteristics of multi-type public bicycle scheduling are summarized. Secondly, on the basis of theoretical analysis, the objective function is to minimize the cost of vehicle scheduling and the sum of the penalty costs that do not meet the needs of customers. The vehicle scheduling model in static and time-varying environment is established. Finally, the algorithm is designed and solved for the multi-type public bicycle deployment model under different deployment environments. A hybrid Tabu search algorithm is designed to solve the problem. The algorithm takes Tabu search algorithm as the main structure, and adds some arithmetic strategies, such as saving algorithm, precise algorithm and greedy algorithm, and innovates the neighborhood structure of the algorithm. It is found that the algorithm can effectively balance the running time and solution quality of the algorithm and achieve the optimization goal of multi-type public bicycle deployment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491.225

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本文編號(hào)：1509862