本文關(guān)鍵詞： 斜交寬梁橋 LS-DYNA顯式動力學(xué) 臺后填土 速度脈沖地震動 碰撞約束 橡膠緩沖材料 彈性拉索 粘滯阻尼器　出處：《山東建筑大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：斜交寬梁橋在公路和城市道路中廣泛應(yīng)用,與正交梁橋相比,斜交寬梁橋不對稱的平面布置以及特殊的旋轉(zhuǎn)趨勢使其在地震中更容易遭到破壞,斜交寬梁橋的破壞的形式主要有：主梁與橋臺背墻、擋塊間的碰撞破壞,主梁在平面內(nèi)的旋轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)致位移過大甚至落梁,橋墩彎曲、扭轉(zhuǎn)、剪切耦合破壞�，F(xiàn)階段對于斜交寬梁橋的減隔震方法的研究很少,本文以單跨斜交簡支寬梁橋和三跨斜交連續(xù)寬梁橋為工程背景,采用LS-DYNA顯式動力學(xué)分析方法,研究斜交寬梁橋在三向地震動作用下的動力效應(yīng)和連續(xù)梁橋的減震措施,具體研究成果如下：1.在考慮臺后填土約束的情況下,選擇兩條反應(yīng)譜相同的速度脈沖地震動和人工擬合地震動,研究簡支斜交寬梁橋的的平面旋轉(zhuǎn)效應(yīng),結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：地震碰撞是橋臺背墻和擋塊對主梁的“碰撞約束”,是橋梁內(nèi)部時有時無的動態(tài)約束。簡支斜交寬梁橋主梁的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向無統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律性：速度脈沖地震動不會加重主梁與橋臺的碰撞。2.分析了連續(xù)斜交寬梁橋在兩條頻譜不同的地震動作用下的動力響應(yīng),從主梁平面旋轉(zhuǎn)、支座屈服、墩底反力等方面分析橋梁的地震效應(yīng),然后在主梁與背墻之間以及主梁與擋塊之間添加了橡膠緩沖材料,研究其減震減碰效果。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：連續(xù)斜交寬梁橋的主梁旋轉(zhuǎn)方向無單一的規(guī)律性,是不規(guī)則斜交梁橋在地震作用下的固有響應(yīng),梁端碰撞會改變旋轉(zhuǎn)程度：中震作用下墩頂支座在水平約束方向易于屈服：橡膠緩材料對斜交寬梁橋梁端碰撞具有顯著的減緩效果,且能有效減輕橋墩的彎扭耦合效應(yīng),但對支座沒有起到很好的保護(hù)作用,對墩底的彎矩基本無減輕效果。3.研究了橡膠緩沖材料與彈性拉索組合,以及橡膠緩沖材料與線性粘滯阻尼器組合對連續(xù)斜交寬梁橋地震效應(yīng)的減震效果。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：在不同地震動作用下,橡膠緩沖材料與彈性拉索的組合能有效防止落梁,顯著減小梁體旋轉(zhuǎn)位移和墩底扭矩。橡膠緩沖材料與粘滯阻尼器組合能夠非常有效地減小主梁的絕對位移和加速度,另外能有效的減小主梁與背墻和擋塊的碰撞力；對墩底剪力和彎矩都有很好的減小效果,說明粘滯阻尼器的減震效果比較理想,并且支座屈服不會影響粘滯阻尼器的減震效果。
[Abstract]:Skew and wide beam bridges are widely used in highway and urban roads. Compared with orthogonal girder bridges, skew and wide beam bridges are more vulnerable to earthquake damage due to their asymmetrical plane arrangement and special rotation trend. The main failure forms of skew wide beam bridge include: main beam and abutment back wall, collision damage between the block, the rotation of the main beam in the plane leads to excessive displacement or even falling beam, pier bending, torsion, Shear coupling failure. At present, there is little research on the isolation method of skew wide beam bridge. In this paper, the single span skew beam bridge and three span skew continuous wide beam bridge are used as the engineering background, and the LS-DYNA explicit dynamic analysis method is adopted. This paper studies the dynamic effect of skew wide beam bridge under the action of three direction ground motion and the measures to reduce the vibration of continuous beam bridge. The concrete research results are as follows: 1. Under the condition of considering the constraint of the earth filling behind the platform, The plane rotation effect of simply supported skew wide beam bridge is studied by selecting two velocity pulse ground motions with the same response spectrum and artificially fitting ground motion. The results show that earthquake collision is a "collision constraint" between abutment wall and retaining block on the main beam, and is a dynamic constraint in the bridge from time to time. There is no uniform regularity of the rotation direction of the main beam of the simply supported skew beam bridge: velocity pulse earthquake. 2. The dynamic response of the continuous skew beam bridge under the action of two ground motions with different frequency spectrum is analyzed, which does not aggravate the collision between the main beam and the abutment. The seismic effect of the bridge is analyzed from the aspects of plane rotation of the main beam, bearing yield and reaction force at the bottom of the pier. Then the rubber buffer material is added between the main beam and the back wall and between the main beam and the block. The results show that the rotation direction of the main beam of the continuous skew beam bridge has no single regularity, which is the inherent response of the irregular skew beam bridge under earthquake. The beam-end impact will change the degree of rotation: under the action of moderate earthquake, the pier top bearing is prone to yield in the direction of horizontal constraint, and the rubber buffer material has a significant mitigation effect on the end-impact of skew wide beam bridge, and it can effectively reduce the coupling effect of bending and torsion of bridge piers. However, it has no protective effect on the bearing and has no effect on the bending moment at the bottom of the pier. 3. The combination of rubber buffer material and elastic cable is studied. And the effect of the combination of rubber buffer material and linear viscous damper on the seismic effect of continuous skew wide beam bridge is studied. It is found that the combination of rubber buffer material and elastic cable can effectively prevent the fall of beam under different ground motion. The combination of rubber buffer material and viscous damper can effectively reduce the absolute displacement and acceleration of the main beam, in addition, it can effectively reduce the collision force between the main beam and the back wall and block. The shear force and bending moment at the bottom of the pier are well reduced, which shows that the damping effect of the viscous damper is ideal, and the bearing yield will not affect the damping effect of the viscous damper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442.55

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