本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高速公路 瀝青路面 路面性能 預(yù)測(cè)模型 全壽命周期分析 養(yǎng)護(hù)決策 交通仿真 優(yōu)化 實(shí)驗(yàn)路　出處：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：交通運(yùn)輸是社會(huì)和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的決定性因素之一。經(jīng)過(guò)30多年的高速發(fā)展和快速建設(shè),我國(guó)道路交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)成就舉世矚目。截至2013年底,我國(guó)高速公路里程達(dá)到10.44萬(wàn)km,普通公路里程達(dá)到435.62萬(wàn)km。道路交通建設(shè)取得的巨大成就不僅為廣大居民提供了方便、快捷、安全、舒適的出行條件,同時(shí)也為經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展提供了運(yùn)輸保障,極大地促進(jìn)了我國(guó)社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。目前,在持續(xù)進(jìn)行交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的同時(shí),道路交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的養(yǎng)護(hù)維修和管理工作已經(jīng)成為我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸事業(yè)的工作重點(diǎn)。2012年,在普通公路和高速公路投資增長(zhǎng)率低于1%甚至負(fù)增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí),國(guó)、省干道公路改造投資增長(zhǎng)率高達(dá)5.9%。2013年我國(guó)公路通車總里程達(dá)到450多萬(wàn)公里,公路養(yǎng)護(hù)歷程達(dá)到425.14萬(wàn)公里,每年的路面養(yǎng)護(hù)率達(dá)到97%以上,國(guó)、省干道大、中修比例達(dá)到15%以上,用于國(guó)、省干道道路改造的投資以每年6%的速度增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)每年用于道路設(shè)施各類養(yǎng)護(hù)和改造的投資將達(dá)到5000億元以上。因此,高效、科學(xué)的道路交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施養(yǎng)護(hù)維修和管理事關(guān)今后我國(guó)道路交通建設(shè)的建設(shè)水平和效益,對(duì)于我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展具有重要意義。經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的建設(shè),我國(guó)在道路設(shè)施建設(shè)方面形成了完善的技術(shù)體系和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系,在道路養(yǎng)護(hù)維修方面,也形成了比較系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)和規(guī)范體系,但由于我國(guó)在道路養(yǎng)護(hù)管理方面的歷史較短,在道路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修管理方面上存在諸多問(wèn)題。這些問(wèn)題表現(xiàn)在:第一,我國(guó)幅員廣大,不同地區(qū)有不同的特點(diǎn),在路面性能評(píng)價(jià)、路面性能預(yù)測(cè)方面無(wú)法用一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的模式予以覆蓋。第二,我國(guó)的路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修偏重于技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)性的考慮,與目前低碳、環(huán)�？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展的要求不適應(yīng),一些不科學(xué)的養(yǎng)護(hù)方案造成了一定的交通和環(huán)境問(wèn)題。第三,我國(guó)尚未形成規(guī)范的路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范,養(yǎng)護(hù)維修方案決策在理論和實(shí)用上均處于摸索階段。最后,不同地區(qū)、不同道路的環(huán)境和交通條件不同,路面所處的工作狀態(tài)不同,如何準(zhǔn)確掌握道路路面結(jié)構(gòu)工作狀態(tài),進(jìn)而采用具有針對(duì)性的路面結(jié)構(gòu)和養(yǎng)護(hù)維修方案是實(shí)際工作遇到的難點(diǎn)。本文以北京市高速公路瀝青路面的養(yǎng)護(hù)維修和運(yùn)營(yíng)管理為對(duì)象,針對(duì)我國(guó)目前高速公路養(yǎng)護(hù)維修和管理工作中存在的問(wèn)題,在總結(jié)我國(guó)目前公路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)決策機(jī)制、養(yǎng)護(hù)工作特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)高速公路養(yǎng)護(hù)決策過(guò)程中涉及的路面使用性能評(píng)價(jià)、路面性能衰變預(yù)測(cè)、養(yǎng)護(hù)方案決策及其優(yōu)化等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行全面的研究。同時(shí),結(jié)合道路結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部工作狀態(tài)檢測(cè)試驗(yàn)路段,研究路面結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部溫度和應(yīng)變的工作狀況和變化規(guī)律,對(duì)北京市高速公路破壞機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析,提出北京市高速公路養(yǎng)護(hù)維修的典型結(jié)構(gòu)。本文主要內(nèi)容包括:(1)對(duì)北京市高速公路養(yǎng)護(hù)工作的歷史和現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行全面的調(diào)查和分析,在研究當(dāng)前高速公路養(yǎng)護(hù)決策的方式和特點(diǎn)以及國(guó)家相關(guān)技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基礎(chǔ)上,提出了高速公路路面技術(shù)狀況指標(biāo)的細(xì)化方法。結(jié)果表明,該細(xì)化指標(biāo)較目前的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)更加符合道路路面實(shí)際情況,可以更好的指導(dǎo)路面養(yǎng)護(hù)決策工作。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)北京市高速公路路面多年的路面性能檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)以及大修檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的分析,提出了高速公路路面各項(xiàng)技術(shù)指標(biāo)的預(yù)測(cè)模型。本文的模型考慮了高速公路實(shí)際狀態(tài)檢測(cè)評(píng)定情況和不考慮養(yǎng)護(hù)維修情況的衰變趨勢(shì)兩種情況,可分別用于路面技術(shù)狀況的評(píng)比和路面養(yǎng)護(hù)規(guī)劃方案決策分析。應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,本文提出的預(yù)測(cè)模型具有較好的精度和實(shí)用性,為養(yǎng)護(hù)維修決策提供了理論指導(dǎo)。(3)以全壽命周期理論為指導(dǎo),考慮高速公路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修中產(chǎn)生的建設(shè)成本、交通影響成本、環(huán)境影響成本等,提出了多目標(biāo)的高速公路養(yǎng)護(hù)維修決策模型和方法,使高速公路的養(yǎng)護(hù)維修工作達(dá)到經(jīng)濟(jì)成本、交通影響、環(huán)境影響綜合效益最優(yōu)的目標(biāo),提升了高速公路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修決策的科學(xué)水平。(4)結(jié)合北京市高速公路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)工程修建的實(shí)驗(yàn)路,埋設(shè)測(cè)量環(huán)境參數(shù)、力學(xué)參數(shù)的監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備,得出了高速公路路面結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部的應(yīng)變、壓力、溫度等的變化情況。在此基礎(chǔ)上,定性解釋了高速公路路面車轍、裂縫等病害的發(fā)生機(jī)理,并相應(yīng)提出了北京市高速公路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修典型結(jié)構(gòu)和方法。本文研究中,理論研究與實(shí)際應(yīng)用相結(jié)合,提出的高速公路路面性能評(píng)價(jià)細(xì)化指標(biāo)、衰變預(yù)測(cè)模型、多目標(biāo)養(yǎng)護(hù)維修決策為高速公路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修決策提供了理論支持,所提出的高速公路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)維修典型結(jié)構(gòu)和方法可有效指導(dǎo)高速公路路面養(yǎng)護(hù)的實(shí)際工作。
[Abstract]:Transportation is one of the decisive factors in the social and economic development. After the rapid development and rapid construction of more than 30 years, China's road traffic infrastructure construction achievements. By the end of 2013, China's highway mileage reached 104 thousand and 400 km, not only for the residents to provide convenient, achieve the great achievements of 4 million 356 thousand and 200 km. road traffic construction in general highway mileage is fast, safe, comfortable travel conditions, while also providing transportation support for the rapid development of economic construction, which greatly promoted the development of society and economy in China. At present, in the ongoing traffic infrastructure construction, road traffic infrastructure maintenance and management work has become the work of transportation our focus in.2012 years, ordinary roads and highways investment growth rate is less than 1% or even negative growth at the same time, country, provincial roads. Road reconstruction investment growth rate of up to 5.9%.2013 years of China's highway traffic mileage reached about 4500000 kilometers, highway maintenance process reached 4 million 251 thousand and 400 kilometers, road maintenance annual rate of more than 97%, country, provincial roads, repair proportion reached more than 15%, for the country, provincial roads road transformation investment grew at an annual rate of 6% in our country every year for various maintenance and renovation of the road infrastructure investment will reach 500 billion yuan. Therefore, efficient, scientific road infrastructure maintenance and management related to the future of China's road construction construction level and efficiency, has important significance for China's economic and social development. After decades of construction, I the formation of a perfect technical system and standard system in road construction, the road maintenance, but also the formation of technology and standard system, but because of our country In the road maintenance management has a relatively short history, there are many problems in road pavement maintenance management. These problems in the following aspects: first, China's vast territory, different regions have different characteristics, in the evaluation of pavement performance, pavement performance prediction can not be covered by a unified model. Second, pavement maintenance maintenance of our country emphasis on technology, economic considerations, and the current low carbon, environmental protection and sustainable development requirements, some unscientific maintenance scheme caused by traffic and environmental problems. In third, China is still not a standardized pavement design specification, maintenance decision of maintenance are in the exploratory stage in theory and practice. Finally, different regions, different road environment and traffic conditions, road where the working condition is different, how to grasp the road pavement structure into the working state accurately. While the use of targeted pavement structures and maintenance scheme is difficult in practical work encountered. This paper takes Beijing city expressway asphalt pavement maintenance and operation management as the object, in view of the existing highway maintenance and management work in our country at present, in the summary of China's current highway pavement maintenance decision-making mechanism, basic maintenance work on the features of the pavement performance evaluation of maintenance decision making, the decay of pavement performance prediction, to conduct a comprehensive study on the maintenance scheme decision and optimization problems. At the same time, combined with the status of internal road structure test section of pavement structural strain and temperature of working condition and regularity of Beijing Expressway the failure mechanism is analyzed, the typical structure of Beijing highway maintenance. The main contents include: (1) the investigation and comprehensive analysis of the history and current situation of Beijing highway maintenance work, in the current study of expressway maintenance decision-making methods and characteristics as well as the relevant national technical standards based on the proposed refinement method of technical condition indicators of expressway pavement. The results show that the more detailed index evaluation index is consistent with the actual situation road pavement, pavement maintenance decision guidance work can be better. (2) through the pavement performance test of Beijing city highway pavement years of data and analysis overhaul test data, a prediction model of the technical indicators of freeway pavement. The model takes into account the actual state and does not consider the detection and evaluation of highway maintenance decay trend of the two cases, can be used for decision-making appraisal and pavement maintenance plan of pavement technology Analysis. The application results show that the prediction model proposed in this paper is accurate and practical, provides a theoretical guidance for maintenance decision. (3) based on the life cycle theory, consider highway pavement maintenance construction cost, traffic impact cost, environmental impact cost, put forward highway maintenance the maintenance decision model and multi-objective approach, the highway maintenance work to achieve economic cost, traffic impact, target the optimal comprehensive environmental impact, enhance the scientific level of expressway pavement maintenance decision. (4) according to the experimental road pavement maintenance engineering of Beijing city construction, laying measuring environmental parameters, monitoring equipment the mechanical parameters of the strain, the internal pressure of highway pavement structure, temperature and so on. On this basis, the interpretation of the highway The occurrence mechanism of rut, crack and so on, and puts forward the Beijing City Expressway Pavement Typical Structure and method. In this paper, combining theoretical research and practical application, the highway pavement performance evaluation index of refinement, decay prediction model, maintenance decision of multi-objective maintenance provides theoretical support for the decision-making of highway maintenance pavement maintenance, the maintenance of Highway Pavement Typical Structure and method can effectively guide the practical work of expressway pavement maintenance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U416.217;U418.6

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本文編號(hào)：1498305