本文關(guān)鍵詞： 城市道路 限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 限速方法 速度控制技術(shù)　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：長期以來,我國道路限速大多都是直接采用設(shè)計(jì)速度作為限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這種限速方法雖然簡單易行,能夠保證遵守限速規(guī)定的車輛平穩(wěn)通過受限路段而不發(fā)生側(cè)翻等交通事故,但由于道路條件的多變性和限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不合理,往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致相當(dāng)多的車輛不遵守限速規(guī)定而超速行駛,事實(shí)上達(dá)不到道路限速的目的。隨著人民生活水平的不斷提高,汽車保有量急劇增加,城市道路的交通壓力越來越大,不合理的限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和限速措施不僅不能降低道路交通事故發(fā)生率,甚至還愈發(fā)加劇了道路交通的擁堵。因此,研究城市道路(主要是快速路和主干路)的限速方法,合理確定城市道路的限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn),采取切實(shí)可行的速度控制措施,對當(dāng)今城市建設(shè)和管理具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文通過對各種速度概念和限速影響因素的分析,闡釋了以設(shè)計(jì)速度作為道路限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的弊端,結(jié)合國內(nèi)外道路限速方法的比較研究,提出了綜合考慮設(shè)計(jì)速度、運(yùn)行速度、道路環(huán)境與側(cè)向干擾因素影響的限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)確定思路和符合城市道路特點(diǎn)的分路段、分車型、分車道限速方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合城市道路的特點(diǎn)和限速要求,深入探討了城市道路的運(yùn)行速度預(yù)測方法,構(gòu)建了符合城市道路特點(diǎn)的運(yùn)行速度預(yù)測模型,為城市道路限速初始值的確定奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。論文通過對城市道路限速目的和限速原則的剖析,進(jìn)一步明確了城市道路限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定的方法和步驟:首先根據(jù)道路幾何要素劃定限速區(qū)段;然后以不同車型(小客車和大貨車)運(yùn)行速度預(yù)測值的路段平均值作為該區(qū)段對應(yīng)車型的限速初始值,并從橫向穩(wěn)定性和行車視距等方面對限速初始值的合理性進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)和評(píng)估,對不合理的限速值應(yīng)重新設(shè)定;最后按照一定的取值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(以10km/h四舍五入取整)和法定程序,確定該路段對應(yīng)車型的限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(如果是多車道,在運(yùn)行速度預(yù)測時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)側(cè)向干擾情況分車道進(jìn)行預(yù)測)。論文最后還結(jié)合城市道路限速管理的特殊性,系統(tǒng)研究了適合城市道路的速度控制技術(shù),包括信息誘導(dǎo)技術(shù)、交通管理與控制技術(shù)、主動(dòng)干預(yù)措施等三種類型,分析比較了各種速度控制技術(shù)的特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)用范圍,為有效實(shí)施城市道路限速、實(shí)現(xiàn)限速目標(biāo)提供了技術(shù)支持。論文研究成果可作為城市交通管理部門制定道路限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和實(shí)施道路交通管理的理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)參考。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the speed limit of road in our country mostly adopts the design speed as the speed limit standard directly. This speed limit method is simple and easy to carry out. It can ensure that the vehicles that comply with the speed limit can smoothly pass through the restricted section without rollover and other traffic accidents, but due to the variability of road conditions and unreasonable speed limit standards. Often lead to a considerable number of vehicles do not comply with the speed limit and speeding, in fact, do not achieve the purpose of road speed limit. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the number of cars increased dramatically. Urban road traffic pressure is increasing, unreasonable speed limit standards and speed limit measures can not only reduce the incidence of road traffic accidents, but also aggravate the traffic congestion. This paper studies the speed limit method of urban road (mainly expressway and trunk road), reasonably determines the speed limit standard of urban road, and takes feasible speed control measures. It is of great practical significance to the construction and management of cities today. Through the analysis of various speed concepts and factors affecting the speed limit, this paper explains the drawbacks of using the design speed as the speed limit standard. Based on the comparative study of road speed limit methods at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the train of thought to determine the speed limit standard and the road sections which accord with the characteristics of urban roads, considering the design speed, running speed, road environment and lateral interference factors. On the basis of this, combined with the characteristics and speed limit requirements of urban roads, the method of speed prediction of urban roads is discussed in depth. The operating speed prediction model which accords with the characteristics of urban roads is constructed, which lays a good foundation for the determination of the initial value of the speed limit of urban roads. This paper analyzes the purpose and principle of the speed limit of urban roads. The methods and steps of setting the speed limit standard of urban road are further clarified: firstly, according to the geometric elements of the road, the speed limit section is delineated; Then the section average of the predicted speed of different vehicles (minibus and truck) is taken as the initial value of the speed limit of the corresponding vehicle in this section. The rationality of the initial speed limit is tested and evaluated from the aspects of lateral stability and sight distance, and the unreasonable limit value should be re-set. Finally, according to a certain value standard (rounding by 10km / h rounding) and legal procedures, the speed limit standard (if multi-lane) is determined. In order to predict the running speed, we should divide the lane according to the lateral interference. Finally, considering the particularity of the speed limit management of the urban road, the speed control technology suitable for the urban road is studied systematically. Including information guidance technology, traffic management and control technology, active intervention measures and other three types, this paper analyzes and compares the characteristics and application scope of various speed control technologies, in order to effectively implement the speed limit of urban roads. The research results can be used as the theoretical basis and technical reference for urban traffic management departments to formulate road speed limit standards and implement road traffic management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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本文編號(hào)：1465743