本文關鍵詞： 滯回曲線 Bouc-Wen本構 Opensees 參數(shù)識別　出處：《蘇州科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：橋梁抗震設計主要分兩個思路:減隔震抗震設計和延性抗震設計。減隔震裝置能夠通過自身耗能,保護結構,更換方便,成本較低;對于高墩等減隔震裝置效果不明顯的非常規(guī)橋梁結構,延性抗震體系依然能收到很好的效果;對于支座處易產生反方向力,基層土不穩(wěn)定或者是軟土層地區(qū),采用減隔震抗震體系效果不明顯,延性抗震體系效果較好。延性體系中極為重要的一個環(huán)節(jié)就是研究墩柱的耗能性能。以某四跨混凝土連續(xù)梁橋中跨橋墩為原型,本文建立Opensees數(shù)值計算模型,并按照1:2.5的比例澆筑混凝土橋墩,做低周往復試驗。以Bouc-Wen本構為參數(shù)識別的基礎,通過對橋墩滯回特性的研究來描述橋梁的抗震性能。本文研究重點如下:(1)基于原有對結構滯回特性研究的片面性,本文引用光滑恢復力本構模型。以Opensees有限元軟件為數(shù)值模擬平臺,從橋梁延性抗震設計的角度分析結構抗震性能。引入Bouc-Wen本構模型,分析該本構各個控制參數(shù)的取值對整個滯回環(huán)所帶來的影響,進而分析各參數(shù)在滯回曲線形狀控制中的作用。整個過程通過在有限元分析軟件Opensees中通過控制其他參數(shù)不變,改變其中一個參數(shù)的辦法來分析其變化過程。(2)應用Opensees有限元軟件建立某四跨鋼筋混凝土連續(xù)梁橋模型,選擇中間墩柱部分做低周往復試驗,繪制出中間跨墩柱的墩頂力-位移曲線。再基于Bouc-Wen本構模型,采用遺傳算法識別出原有力-位移滯回曲線的滯回特性參數(shù)。將所識別的參數(shù)帶入原有數(shù)值模型中,得到新的識別曲線,把兩曲線放置于同一圖幅中,對比兩滯回環(huán)吻合度。(3)結構滯回特性是結構自身本質屬性,不因外界荷載產生改變。本文改變加載制度,同樣得到低周往復試驗分析曲線。再將規(guī)則一下曲線的參數(shù)識別結果帶入規(guī)則二加載條件下,得到新的識別曲線,再把識別曲線與初始曲線放同一圖幅試比較,再次比較滯回環(huán)的吻合度。(4)對物理試驗中橋墩做低周往復,分別取出其彈性階段、峰值階段、承載力下降階段以及破壞階段,并識別各階段滯回參數(shù),分析各個參數(shù)在滯回曲線中的影響。(5)將Bouc-Wen本構模型引入物理試驗,本文對橋墩在往復荷載作用下的滯回曲線進行參數(shù)識別,得出橋墩的滯回曲線形狀控制參數(shù)即反應該橋墩物理模型真實的材料本構。通過作動器給相同模型施加一個地震作用,得到物理試驗的滯回環(huán)。把同樣的地震波與低周往復試驗中的識別參數(shù)帶入到數(shù)值模擬的橋墩模型中去,得到識別參數(shù)的數(shù)值模擬曲線。兩條曲線進行最大承載力及曲線形狀的對比,分析其特點。
[Abstract]:The seismic design of the two main ideas: the isolation of seismic design and seismic ductility design. Seismic isolation device through its own energy, protection structure, convenient replacement, low cost; for the unconventional bridge with high pier seismic isolation device effect is not obvious, the ductility seismic system still can get good effect; the bearing is easy to produce the opposite direction, the basic soil is unstable or soft soil area, the seismic isolation system, the effect is not obvious, good seismic ductility ductility system system. A very important aspect of energy dissipation is research of piers. In a span concrete continuous girder bridge piers for the prototype, Opensees numerical model is established in this paper, and according to the ratio of 1:2.5 concrete pier, do low cyclicloadingtest. Based on the Bouc-Wen constitutive parameter identification, the characteristics of the research lag back to the pier The seismic performance of the bridge. To describe the focus of this paper is as follows: (1) the original return characteristics to research the structure of the one sidedness of Hysteresis Based on the referenced in this article smooth restoring force constitutive model. The numerical simulation platform by the finite element software Opensees, the seismic performance analysis from ductility seismic design point of view. The introduction of Bouc-Wen constitutive model and analyze the effect of the constitutive control parameters all throughout the whole of the hysteresis loop, and then analyzes the parameter curve shape control in lag. The whole process through the control of other parameters in the finite element analysis software Opensees to analyze the change process of change, change a parameter which measures (2.) using Opensees finite element software to establish the model of a four span reinforced concrete continuous girder bridge, select the part of the middle pier low cyclicloadingtest, draw the middle span pier column pier force displacement curve. Then based on Bouc-Wen constitutive model, using genetic algorithm to identify the hysteretic curves of hysteretic characteristic parameters. The identified parameters into the original numerical model, and get the recognition curve of new, the two curves are placed on the same map, comparing the two hysteresis loop anastomosis (3) structure. Hysteretic characteristics of structure with its own nature, is not due to external load change. The change of loading system, also analysis curve of low cyclicloadingtest. Then the rules about curve parameter identification results into rule two loading conditions, a new identification curve, then the identification curve and the initial curve put in the same figure a comparison, fit again comparing the hysteresis loop. (4) do cycilc to physical test of bridge pier, were taken out the elastic stage, peak stage, capacity decline stage and failure stage, and each stage to identify the hysteretic parameters analysis The parameters in the effect of hysteresis curve in. (5) Bouc-Wen constitutive model is introduced in this paper through physical experiments, parameters identification of bridge pier under cyclic loading hysteretic curve, obtained the hysteretic curve shape control parameters that reflect actual material of the pier. The material constitutive model of actuator applying an earthquake to the same model, get the physical test of the hysteresis loop. The recognition parameters of seismic wave and low cyclic loading test of the same into the pier model for numerical simulation to numerical simulation curve parameters have been identified. Comparing the maximum bearing capacity and the curve shape of the two curves, analysis of its characteristics.

【學位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U442.55

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