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  本文關鍵詞： 二次事故 加速度 無線定位 路段匹配　出處：《鄭州大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：高速公路汽車連環(huán)撞擊事故居世界各國高速公路事故之首,具有連環(huán)追尾碰撞事故多,易造成交通堵塞或中斷,人員損失大、傷亡慘重,易引發(fā)火災、“二次事故”,救援難度大的特點。如何減少高速公路連環(huán)撞擊事件的發(fā)生更是國內(nèi)外智能交通發(fā)展的焦點問題。目前國內(nèi)外智能交通的發(fā)展主要側重在主動避讓方面,諸如車車通信,車路通信,車速檢測,車距檢測,周期性網(wǎng)絡廣播等,旨在為駕駛員爭取足夠的時間,采取相應措施,避免首次事故的發(fā)生。一旦事故已經(jīng)發(fā)生,這樣的提醒已經(jīng)不能夠給駕駛員足夠的反應時間,尤其是當能見度較低,如夜間或霧霾天氣等情況下,更容易造成連環(huán)撞車事故。本文將加速度采集,GPS車輛定位,路段匹配,無線通信技術相結合,旨在設計一款能夠在能見度低的情況下,有效預防二次事故的預警裝置。采用超低功耗MSP430單片機作為CPU控制模塊,實時監(jiān)測車輛的加速度和速度信息,準確進行事故判斷;準確定位車輛的位置,經(jīng)度,緯度,時間等信息;事故發(fā)生后,實時傳送數(shù)據(jù),在通信有效范圍內(nèi)的車輛間進行通信;路段匹配,監(jiān)測到車輛可能發(fā)生連環(huán)撞擊時自動報警。為了提高車禍判定的準確度和可靠度,本文采用劇烈變化的加速度作為車禍判定的重要參數(shù)之一,將其引入高速公路車載防連環(huán)撞預警裝置。通過改良加速度傳感器外圍電路,有效提高加速度信號的“信噪比”。大大提高了測量數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性,更加有利于防連環(huán)撞預警平臺的前期車禍判定。由于首次事故后,事故車輛可能對同向后方行駛的車輛造成影響。采用GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)與路段匹配算法相結合,能夠準確進行同向前后車判斷,有效提高了預警的準確性。能為駕駛員爭取一定的時間,采取相應措施避免連環(huán)撞擊事件,對降低二次事故的發(fā)生率起到重要作用。
[Abstract]:The expressway automobile serial impact accident ranks first among the expressway accidents in the world, which has many serial rear-end collision accidents, which is easy to cause traffic jam or interruption, heavy loss of personnel, heavy casualties, and easily lead to fire. "second accident". Rescue difficult characteristics. How to reduce the occurrence of highway impact incidents is the focus of the development of intelligent transportation at home and abroad. At present, the development of intelligent transportation at home and abroad is mainly focused on active avoidance. Such as vehicle-vehicle communication, vehicle-road communication, vehicle speed detection, vehicle distance detection, periodic network broadcasting and so on, in order to buy enough time for drivers to take appropriate measures. Avoid the first accident. Once the accident has occurred, such a warning can no longer give the driver sufficient response time, especially when visibility is low, such as night or haze weather. This paper combines acceleration acquisition GPS vehicle positioning, road section matching and wireless communication technology to design a model that can be used in the case of low visibility. The ultra-low power MSP430 single chip microcomputer is used as the CPU control module to monitor the acceleration and speed information of the vehicle in real time and to judge the accident accurately. Accurate location of vehicle position, longitude, latitude, time and other information; After the accident happens, the data is transmitted in real time, and the communication is carried out among the vehicles within the effective range of communication. In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the car accident determination, this paper uses the sharply varying acceleration as one of the important parameters of the car accident determination. By improving the peripheral circuit of acceleration sensor, the signal-to-noise ratio of acceleration signal is improved effectively, and the reliability of measurement data is greatly improved. More conducive to the prevention of chain collision warning platform of the pre-accident judgment. Due to the first accident. The accident vehicle may have an impact on the vehicle driving in the same direction. The combination of GPS global positioning system and the road section matching algorithm can accurately judge the same direction forward and rear vehicles. It can effectively improve the accuracy of early warning, buy a certain time for the driver, take corresponding measures to avoid serial collision events, and play an important role in reducing the incidence of secondary accidents.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U495

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本文編號：1444733