本文關鍵詞：基于ADAMS的大件運輸貨物安全仿真分析　出處：《西南交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 大件運輸 虛擬樣機 動力學仿真 可靠性 預警系統(tǒng)

【摘要】：隨著大型基建相關工程的不斷開展,公路大件運輸這種特種運輸類型出現(xiàn)頻率越來越高。我國的公路大件運輸不論是在規(guī)章制度完善程度還是實際運輸設備和技術都有較大的提升空間。在確保大件貨物運輸安全可靠性方面,基本以實際工程經驗和理論推導為評判標準,并且大部分相關研究將重點放在大件貨物的外型通過性上。本文以大件貨物運輸車貨系統(tǒng)的虛擬樣機仿真為基礎,綜合考慮路面情況,車輛構造和貨物加固等方面,對運輸過程中貨物的可靠性影響因素進行仿真分析。首先,分析了公路大件貨物運輸過程中可能出現(xiàn)的安全可靠性問題,并對可能導致這些安全隱患的影響因素進行了說明,對其中顯著的安全隱患影響因素進行理論計算研究,用以表明其對大件貨物可靠性的影響機理。然后參照GB/T 4970-2009《汽車平順性試驗方法》確定了測量貨物加速度均方根的方式來評判行駛可靠性。其次,研究了ADAMS/CAR模塊車輛建模機理,包括由模板到子系統(tǒng)到裝配的層級建模方法,和模板之間使用通訊器進行信息交互的方式。隨后根據(jù)某具體運輸車輛型號建造了完整牽引車模型,根據(jù)平板承重車的單元拼接結構,建造了三個平板車單元的板車組。接著對路面屬性文件的數(shù)據(jù)結構進行了研究,并根據(jù)仿真需要構建了不同形式,不同路面粗糙程度的路面文件,用以仿真大件運輸中最常見的行駛狀態(tài)。最后,對建造的車輛、貨物和道路系統(tǒng)模型,進行不同重量,不同速度和不同路面條件下的ADAMS/CAR動力學仿真,測量大件貨物在橫向、縱向和垂向的動力學特性并進行分析,確定在車輛行駛過程中對貨物可靠性影響最大的分量,并對此影響因素進行頻譜分析,針對分析結果從結構上做出解釋,并以加速度的功率譜特性進行驗證。提高仿真結果對公路大件貨物運輸行駛中貨物安全可靠性的參考價值。最后構建了以關鍵影響因素為測量數(shù)據(jù)的系統(tǒng)框架。綜上,本論文構建的大件運輸模型不僅可以對不同情況下運輸過程進行仿真,還可以對不同參數(shù)影響下貨物安全性變化進行分析,從而為四川省大件運輸規(guī)范制定和后續(xù)項目開展提供較高的參考價值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of large-scale infrastructure related projects. The frequency of this special type of transportation is becoming higher and higher. In our country, there is much room for the improvement of transportation equipment and technology both in the degree of perfection of rules and regulations and in the actual transportation equipment and technology. Safety and reliability of cargo transport. Based on the practical engineering experience and theoretical derivation as the evaluation criteria, and most of the related research will focus on the shape of the large goods passing. This paper is based on the virtual prototype simulation of the cargo system of the large cargo transport vehicle. Considering the road condition, vehicle structure and cargo reinforcement, the factors affecting the reliability of the cargo during the transportation are simulated and analyzed. First of all. This paper analyzes on the safety and reliability problems that may occur in the course of transportation of heavy goods on highway, and explains the influencing factors that may lead to these hidden dangers of safety. The influence factors of safety hidden danger are calculated and studied theoretically. Used to show the mechanism of its influence on the reliability of large goods. Then refer to GB/T. 4970-2009 "vehicle ride comfort test method" determines the method of measuring the mean square root of cargo acceleration to evaluate the reliability of driving. The vehicle modeling mechanism of ADAMS/CAR module is studied, including the hierarchical modeling method from template to subsystem to assembly. Then a complete tractor model is built according to a specific type of transport vehicle, and the unit splicing structure of the flat plate load-bearing vehicle is used. Then, the data structure of the pavement attribute file is studied, and according to the needs of simulation, different forms of road surface files with different roughness degree are constructed. It is used to simulate the most common driving state in large-haul transportation. Finally, different weights are used to model the built vehicles, goods and road systems. The dynamic characteristics of large goods in transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions were measured and analyzed by ADAMS/CAR dynamics simulation under different speed and different pavement conditions. Determine the components that have the greatest impact on the reliability of the cargo in the course of vehicle driving, and analyze the spectrum of the influencing factors, and explain the results from the structure of the analysis. The power spectrum characteristics of acceleration are used to verify the simulation results to improve the reference value of the simulation results to the safety and reliability of the goods in the road transportation of large cargo. Finally, a system framework is constructed, which takes the key factors as the measurement data. All right. The model constructed in this paper can not only simulate the transportation process under different conditions, but also analyze the change of cargo security under the influence of different parameters. Therefore, it provides a high reference value for the establishment of large-component transportation norms and the development of follow-up projects in Sichuan Province.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U16

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