本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于LabVIEW的振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)檢測系統(tǒng)研究　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：壓路機(jī)振動(dòng)壓實(shí)作業(yè)是現(xiàn)代公路建設(shè)施工過程中一個(gè)重要的組成部分,瀝青路面鋪筑質(zhì)量直接決定了公路的使用壽命和行車安全,而影響公路質(zhì)量高低的主要因素是路面壓實(shí)度的好壞。壓實(shí)度是一種表征材料被壓實(shí)程度的物理量,因此,準(zhǔn)確快捷的壓實(shí)度檢測是保證壓實(shí)作業(yè)質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,路面施工機(jī)械化水平的大幅度提高和先進(jìn)的裝運(yùn)、攤鋪、壓實(shí)機(jī)械的使用,路面鋪筑速度不斷提高,人們對(duì)道路施工機(jī)械的要求也越來越高,采用傳統(tǒng)的壓實(shí)質(zhì)量檢測方法往往難以滿足及時(shí)指導(dǎo)施工的要求。傳統(tǒng)路面壓實(shí)度檢測常采用灌砂法、環(huán)刀法、蠟封法,這些方法都有兩大缺陷,即檢測方式的滯后性和檢測點(diǎn)的局限性。檢測方式是采取路面鋪筑完后再進(jìn)行抽樣檢測,這樣檢測耗時(shí)比較長,不能及時(shí)的給出壓實(shí)度結(jié)果;檢測點(diǎn)只是簡單的隨機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)采樣,這樣有可能造成部分路面的漏檢,不能保證全部路段的施工質(zhì)量。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)檢測技術(shù)的缺點(diǎn),研究出一種連續(xù)、準(zhǔn)確、快速的壓實(shí)度檢測設(shè)備,對(duì)路面壓實(shí)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行全面實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本論文在借鑒國內(nèi)外有關(guān)壓實(shí)度檢測方法和研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,完成了基于Lab VIEW的振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)檢測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。首先,結(jié)合二自由度“壓路機(jī)—被壓材料”關(guān)系模型,分析了振動(dòng)輪加速度信號(hào)與材料剛度之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系,對(duì)國內(nèi)外研發(fā)壓實(shí)度儀常用原理進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)研究,通過分析對(duì)比,最終選擇相關(guān)性較好的幅值法。根據(jù)振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)的工作特點(diǎn),結(jié)合瀝青路面鋪筑工藝,選擇振動(dòng)輪的加速度信號(hào)作為檢測壓實(shí)度的信號(hào)源,對(duì)此信號(hào)進(jìn)行幅值分析以求出壓實(shí)度,這為壓實(shí)檢測提供了理論依據(jù)。其次,針對(duì)本測試系統(tǒng)的需求,分析討論測試中采用傳感器的測量原理及傳感器的選用和安裝。重點(diǎn)從軟硬件兩個(gè)方面研究組建該測試系統(tǒng)。硬件平臺(tái)的搭建包括傳感器模塊、信號(hào)調(diào)理模塊、數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊三部分,其中采用虛擬儀器測試技術(shù)采集數(shù)據(jù);軟件采用模塊化的設(shè)計(jì)方法,在Lab VIEW開發(fā)環(huán)境下設(shè)計(jì)振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)檢測系統(tǒng),把系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)功能細(xì)分到每個(gè)子功能模塊,包括初始化參數(shù)、濾波、小波消噪、數(shù)據(jù)保存、數(shù)據(jù)回放,通過對(duì)不同模塊的調(diào)用來實(shí)現(xiàn)測試中信號(hào)采集、數(shù)據(jù)處理、數(shù)據(jù)分析及結(jié)果顯示等功能。在檢測算法上通過最小二乘法線性擬合,得出加速度電壓值與壓實(shí)度實(shí)測值的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,通過算法程序最終得到壓實(shí)度實(shí)際測量值。最后,通過仿真信號(hào)對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)在線檢測系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行調(diào)試和驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明,此檢測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)是可行的,應(yīng)用本系統(tǒng)可以很好的完成數(shù)據(jù)的采集和分析,可以滿足道路施工中壓實(shí)度在線檢測的要求。
[Abstract]:The vibratory compaction of road roller is an important part in the construction process of modern highway construction. The quality of asphalt pavement pavement directly determines the service life and driving safety of highway. The main factor affecting highway quality is the quality of road surface compaction. Compaction is a physical quantity that indicates the degree of compaction of materials. Accurate and fast compaction testing is the key to ensure the quality of compaction. With the rapid development of science and technology, the level of mechanization of road construction has been greatly improved and advanced loading, spreading and compaction machinery have been used. With the increasing speed of pavement construction, the requirement of road construction machinery is becoming higher and higher. Traditional compaction quality testing methods are often difficult to meet the requirements of timely guidance of construction. Traditional road compaction testing methods often use sand filling method, ring knife method, wax sealing method, these methods have two major defects. That is, the hysteresis of the detection method and the limitation of the detection point. The detection method is to take the road pavement after the completion of sampling detection, so the detection time is relatively long, can not give the results of compaction in time; The detection point is only a simple random data sampling, which may cause part of the pavement to miss detection, can not guarantee the construction quality of all sections of the road. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional detection technology, a continuous and accurate research. It is of great practical significance to monitor the pavement compaction quality in real time with the rapid compaction testing equipment. This paper draws lessons from the domestic and foreign compactness testing methods and research results. The design of the real-time detection system of vibratory roller based on Lab VIEW is completed. Firstly, the relationship model of "roller press and pressed material" is combined with two degrees of freedom. The mathematical relationship between the acceleration signal of vibration wheel and the stiffness of material is analyzed, and the common principles of the compactness instrument developed at home and abroad are studied emphatically, and compared with each other. Finally, the amplitude method with good correlation is selected. According to the working characteristics of the vibratory roller and the asphalt pavement paving technology, the acceleration signal of the vibration wheel is selected as the signal source to detect the compaction degree. The amplitude of the signal is analyzed to find out the compaction degree, which provides a theoretical basis for the compaction detection. Secondly, according to the requirements of the test system. The measurement principle of sensors and the selection and installation of sensors are analyzed and discussed in this paper. The hardware platform consists of sensor module and signal conditioning module. There are three parts of data acquisition module, in which virtual instrument testing technology is used to collect data. The software adopts the modular design method, designs the vibration roller detection system under the Lab VIEW development environment, subdivides each function of the system into each sub-function module, including initialization parameter, filter. Wavelet denoising, data saving, data playback, through the call to different modules to achieve signal acquisition, data processing. In the detection algorithm, the linear fitting of the acceleration voltage value and the compactness measurement value is obtained by the least square method, and the corresponding relationship between the acceleration voltage value and the measured value of compaction degree is obtained. Finally, the actual measurement value of compaction degree is obtained by the algorithm program. Finally, the on-line testing system of the vibratory roller is debugged and verified by the simulation signal. The results show that the design of the detection system is feasible. The application of this system can well complete the data collection and analysis, can meet the road construction in the requirements of online compaction detection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U416.2

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本文編號(hào)：1406460