本文關(guān)鍵詞：高風(fēng)速下的隧道火災(zāi)溫度場實(shí)驗(yàn)研究與火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)實(shí)施　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 隧道火災(zāi) 溫度場 高風(fēng)速 報(bào)警策略 火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)

【摘要】：頻繁發(fā)生的火災(zāi)事故使得人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)注隧道的安全性,特別是火災(zāi)預(yù)警和救援的困難對(duì)隧道火災(zāi)心存恐懼,往往使得長隧道方案由于火災(zāi)安全問題而難以進(jìn)行。隧道火災(zāi)初起60秒階段是火災(zāi)報(bào)警的應(yīng)急處理的黃金時(shí)期,但是溫度場受外界條件影響較大,隨機(jī)性強(qiáng),現(xiàn)有火災(zāi)溫度場模型無法應(yīng)用。本文通過高風(fēng)速下的隧道火災(zāi)溫度場實(shí)驗(yàn),研究其溫度場變化特征,制定適合的報(bào)警策略,并應(yīng)于火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。本文首先針對(duì)隧道火災(zāi)報(bào)警性能考核,設(shè)計(jì)隧道火災(zāi)場景。隧道火災(zāi)報(bào)警是火災(zāi)時(shí)隧道使用者實(shí)施自防自救的首要技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)。不合理的火災(zāi)場景設(shè)計(jì)或縮比例小尺寸火災(zāi)場景設(shè)計(jì),不能為隧道早期火災(zāi)報(bào)警的性能考核提供科學(xué)的試驗(yàn)條件基礎(chǔ)依據(jù),基于CFD的計(jì)算機(jī)模擬往往存在較大的偏差。項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)建立的基于實(shí)體隧道的火災(zāi)場景:以三車道實(shí)體隧道內(nèi)、一輛小型汽車、空間受限的初起階段火(HRR設(shè)計(jì)增長時(shí)間40s、設(shè)計(jì)峰值0.8MW,各維度擴(kuò)散的空間受限為50%)為試驗(yàn)火源,自然風(fēng)-5m/s全斷面風(fēng)速條件,6個(gè)試驗(yàn)火點(diǎn)位的共計(jì)24個(gè)不同的試驗(yàn)火工況,為線型光纖感溫火災(zāi)探測器以及其它隨到火災(zāi)探測器的性能評(píng)測,提供了統(tǒng)一、全面的全要素實(shí)體火災(zāi)場景依據(jù)。然后,基于對(duì)不同風(fēng)速和不同點(diǎn)火位置的隧道溫度場變化分析,研究高風(fēng)速下的火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警策略,能快速的識(shí)別火警并準(zhǔn)確的指示報(bào)警位置。通過溫度變化綜合報(bào)警策略和溫度場修正算法,全風(fēng)速條件下的報(bào)警響應(yīng)時(shí)間和位置誤差均符合本項(xiàng)目制定的研究目標(biāo)。最后,給出了公路隧道在高風(fēng)速下的火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的實(shí)施和點(diǎn)火驗(yàn)證方式。由于地處野外,環(huán)境條件復(fù)雜、惡劣,公路隧道火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的實(shí)施及維護(hù)管理是一個(gè)非常重要的環(huán)節(jié),對(duì)于火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的正常有效工作具有重要意義。由于不同公路隧道火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的探測機(jī)理、工作原理的差異,它們?cè)趯?shí)施、驗(yàn)證及其日常維護(hù)管理中也具有不同的技術(shù)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The frequent fire accidents make people pay more and more attention to the safety of tunnel, especially the difficulty of fire warning and rescue. The long tunnel scheme is often difficult to carry out because of fire safety problems. The 60 seconds stage of tunnel fire is the golden period of fire alarm emergency treatment, but the temperature field is greatly affected by external conditions, strong randomness. The existing fire temperature field model can not be applied. Through the tunnel fire temperature field experiments under high wind speed, the characteristics of the temperature field change are studied, and the appropriate alarm strategy is formulated. And should be in the automatic fire alarm system. First of all, the tunnel fire alarm performance assessment. Design of tunnel fire scene. Tunnel fire alarm is the primary technical link of self-defense and self-rescue for tunnel users. Unreasonable fire scene design or small scale fire scene design. It can not provide a scientific basis for testing the performance of early fire alarm in tunnel. The computer simulation based on CFD often has a big deviation. The fire scene based on entity tunnel established by the project design: a small car in a three-lane solid tunnel. The design growth time of HRR was 40 s, the design peak value was 0.8 MW, and the space limitation of each dimension diffusion was 50%) as the experimental fire source. The natural wind-5 m / s full section wind speed condition and the total 24 different test fire conditions of 6 test fire spots are evaluated for linear fiber optic thermal-sensing fire detectors and other fire detectors. Then, based on the analysis of tunnel temperature field with different wind speed and different igniting position, the automatic fire alarm strategy under high wind speed is studied. Can quickly identify the fire alarm and accurately indicate the alarm location. Through the temperature change comprehensive alarm strategy and temperature field correction algorithm. The alarm response time and position error under the condition of full wind speed are in line with the research objectives formulated by this project. Finally. This paper presents the implementation of automatic fire alarm system and fire ignition verification method for highway tunnel under high wind speed. Because of its location in the field, the environment conditions are complex and bad. The implementation and maintenance of highway tunnel fire alarm system is a very important link. It is of great significance for the normal and effective operation of the automatic fire alarm system. Because of the detection mechanism and the difference of the working principle of the fire automatic alarm system in different highway tunnels, they are being implemented. Verification and daily maintenance management also have different technical key points.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U453.8

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