本文關(guān)鍵詞：考慮設(shè)施失效的應(yīng)急物流系統(tǒng)選址—路徑優(yōu)化研究　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：中國(guó)是為數(shù)不多的幾個(gè)受到自然災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重侵襲的國(guó)家之一,每年因?yàn)榈卣鸬茸匀粸?zāi)害和突發(fā)事件造成的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和人員傷亡數(shù)目十分驚人。針對(duì)于此,如何能夠降低自然災(zāi)害所帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和人員傷亡,是我們所面臨的一個(gè)非常重要的挑戰(zhàn)。當(dāng)?shù)卣鸬茸匀粸?zāi)害事件發(fā)生時(shí),往往需要大量的各種物資,如藥品、食品和帳篷等等。這個(gè)時(shí)候就要快速啟動(dòng)救助行動(dòng),如何能夠做到快速精準(zhǔn)的物資投送就成為救援的關(guān)鍵,同時(shí)也就成為通過(guò)科學(xué)方法和有效管理以降低自然災(zāi)害造成損失的關(guān)鍵。因而針對(duì)救援的應(yīng)急物流就會(huì)凸顯作用,而在這其中應(yīng)急物流的設(shè)施選址和路徑規(guī)劃是影響應(yīng)急物流整體發(fā)展最重要、也是最為基礎(chǔ)的兩大問(wèn)題�，F(xiàn)在很多的學(xué)者都是在環(huán)境確定的前提下對(duì)物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,包括設(shè)施選址、物資分配和運(yùn)輸路線優(yōu)化等。而實(shí)際情況卻要復(fù)雜一些,物流的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施如倉(cāng)庫(kù)和配送中心等會(huì)因?yàn)榄h(huán)境變化等因素造成失效,從而會(huì)對(duì)應(yīng)急物流的路徑規(guī)劃造成很大的影響。通過(guò)研究在考慮設(shè)施失效的條件下應(yīng)急物流系統(tǒng)中的選址-路徑問(wèn)題,以及應(yīng)急物流設(shè)施失效對(duì)于應(yīng)急物資運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)造成的影響,本文分析了不同的設(shè)施失效情景。然后分析具體情景下的救援時(shí)間和救援成本函數(shù),在滿足應(yīng)急配送中心覆蓋最大的約束條件下,以物資配送時(shí)間最小和救援成本最小建立應(yīng)急物流多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型。接著又分析了應(yīng)急物流物資配送中的其他成本,包括配送中心的固定運(yùn)行成本,車輛的運(yùn)輸成本等等,最終在考慮設(shè)施失效條件下構(gòu)建了應(yīng)急物流系統(tǒng)選址-路徑優(yōu)化模型。而后,通過(guò)一個(gè)算例的計(jì)算和結(jié)果分析來(lái)驗(yàn)證該模型的有效性。在求解算例的過(guò)程中利用MATLAB軟件編制遺傳算法程序求解。通過(guò)該算例的求解結(jié)果分析驗(yàn)證了本文模型的合理性以及遺傳算法有效性。為應(yīng)急物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化的研究以及選址-路徑規(guī)劃方面的研究提供了一定的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:China is one of the few countries seriously affected by natural disasters. The number of national economic losses and casualties caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes and sudden events is staggering every year. How to reduce the economic losses and casualties caused by natural disasters is a very important challenge for us. When earthquakes and other natural disasters occur, a large number of materials are often needed. Drugs, food, tents and so on. This time to start the rescue operation quickly, how to achieve rapid and accurate delivery of goods is the key to rescue. At the same time, it becomes the key to reduce the losses caused by natural disasters through scientific methods and effective management. Therefore, emergency logistics for relief will play an important role. Among them, the location of emergency logistics facilities and path planning is the most important impact on the overall development of emergency logistics. Now many scholars have optimized the logistics network under the premise of environment determination, including facility location. Material distribution and transportation route optimization. But the actual situation is more complex, logistics infrastructure such as warehouse and distribution center will be due to environmental changes and other factors caused by failure. This will have a great impact on the path planning of emergency logistics. Through the study of the emergency logistics system under the consideration of the failure of facilities in the location-path problem. As well as the impact of emergency logistics facilities failure on the emergency material transportation network, this paper analyzes the different facilities failure scenarios, and then analyzes the rescue time and rescue cost function under specific scenarios. Under the condition of satisfying the maximum coverage of emergency distribution center. The multi-objective optimization model of emergency logistics is established based on the minimum material distribution time and the minimum rescue cost. Then the other costs in the material distribution of emergency logistics are analyzed including the fixed operating cost of the distribution center. The transportation cost of the vehicle and so on, finally under the consideration of the failure condition of the facility to construct the emergency logistics system site-path optimization model. Then. The validity of the model is verified by the calculation and result analysis of an example. In the process of solving the example, the genetic algorithm program is compiled by MATLAB software. The rationality of the model and the validity of genetic algorithm provide a certain reference for the study of emergency logistics network optimization and site-path planning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U116;F252

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