本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于巖土控制變形分析法的軟弱圍巖隧道開挖變形控制技術(shù)　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 新奧法 巖土控制變形分析法 軟弱圍巖 預(yù)收斂/擠出變形 超前預(yù)約束/加固措施 變形機(jī)制 變形控制

【摘要】：隨著19世紀(jì)現(xiàn)代高能炸藥的出現(xiàn)以及爆破、風(fēng)鉆技術(shù)的發(fā)展,隧道機(jī)械化開挖取得了長足進(jìn)步,基于巖承理論的新奧地利隧道修建法(NATM)的誕生及其在世界范圍盛行標(biāo)志著地下工程設(shè)計施工技術(shù)理論趨向成熟。隧道工程主要是開挖與支護(hù)的問題,即如何安全地開挖、合理地支護(hù)以保證圍巖-支護(hù)體系的安全,并確保其長期穩(wěn)定性。隨著隧道的發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)方法對復(fù)雜地質(zhì)軟弱圍巖環(huán)境及長大規(guī)模隧道的安全開挖掘進(jìn)已顯得有些乏力,我國地下工程事故發(fā)生率也較高,其中地下水及圍巖環(huán)境、地質(zhì)情況和人為失誤等占主要原因,軟弱圍巖環(huán)境下的隧道開挖一般變形大、工期長、成本高、易發(fā)生事故。巖土控制變形分析法(ADECO-RS,新意法)利用對掌子面-超前核心土的預(yù)加固及洞室預(yù)約束等措施保證極困難圍巖條件下的洞室穩(wěn)定性問題,事實也證明:控制了隧道預(yù)收斂及擠出變形,即控制了洞室在開挖過程中變形的最初原因,也就控制了洞室變形,能夠保證隧道掘進(jìn)過程中的安全。論文統(tǒng)計分析了截止2013年底我國在建及已建成特長公路隧道的施工事故,歸納分析了我國公路隧道施工過程中事故類型、發(fā)生原因及對策;基于巖土控制變形分析法提出了軟弱圍巖的定義,總結(jié)了軟弱圍巖的特性及各類圍巖在隧道開挖過程中的力學(xué)特性、變形情況及工程影響,進(jìn)而對軟弱圍巖進(jìn)行了細(xì)化分級,并根據(jù)圍巖分級和亞分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提出了不同類別的軟弱圍巖工程對策;根據(jù)收斂約束法和對數(shù)螺旋線法,分析掌子面及洞室在開挖過程中的穩(wěn)定性,以及圍巖亞分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下方案的可施工性,并基于圍巖亞分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)給出各級圍巖環(huán)境下洞室開挖的合理工法與支護(hù)措施;總結(jié)新奧法及巖土控制變性分析法在軟弱圍巖環(huán)境下的典型開挖方法,認(rèn)為在軟弱圍巖環(huán)境下的隧道開挖,洞室掌子面無法自穩(wěn),應(yīng)當(dāng)采取預(yù)約束/加固措施,并以IV2級亞分級為軟弱圍巖分級分界線,高于此級別的圍巖環(huán)境下隧道開挖較安全,而低于此分級級別的圍巖在開挖過程中應(yīng)在約束、加固,或干預(yù)措施上予以充分重視。
[Abstract]:With the advent of the nineteenth Century modern high explosives and blasting, the development of pneumatic technology, tunnel excavation mechanization has made considerable progress, construction method based on the theory of new Austria bearing rock tunnel (NATM) and its marks of underground engineering design and construction techniques and theories tend to mature in the world. The prevalence of tunnel engineering is mainly excavation and supporting the problem is how to safely and reasonable supporting excavation, in order to ensure the safety of surrounding rock supporting system, and ensure the long-term stability of the tunnel. With the development of the traditional method of complex geological weak surrounding rock and long large-scale tunnel safety excavation has been somewhat weak, underground engineering accidents in our country also has a high incidence rate, the groundwater and surrounding environment, geological conditions and human errors accounted for the main reason, the general deformation, the weak surrounding rock tunnel excavation of long period, high cost, easy hair The accident analysis method. To control the deformation of rock and soil (ADECO-RS new method) to ensure stability of the surrounding rock cavern extremely difficult conditions by using the tunnel face - ahead of the core soil reinforcement and excavation appointment beam and other measures, also proved: control the convergence of tunnel and pre extrusion deformation, namely the control of the initial cause of deformation in tunnel in the process of excavation, we can control the tunnel deformation, to ensure the safety in the process of tunnel excavation. The statistical analysis by the end of 2013 in China and has built a construction accident in highway tunnel, analyzes the types of accidents in our country highway tunnel construction process, causes and countermeasures; geotechnical control deformation analysis method is proposed based on the definition of soft rock, summarizes the characteristics of surrounding rock and all kinds of soft rock in tunnel excavation mechanics characteristics during deformation, and the effects of soft rock in engineering. For detailed classification, and puts forward the Countermeasures of different types of soft rock engineering based on surrounding rock classification and sub classification standard; according to the convergence confinement method and logarithmic spiral method, stability analysis of tunnel face and tunnel during excavation, and the surrounding rock sub classification standard under the scheme of construction, and based on the reasonable method of surrounding rock sub classification the standard given levels of surrounding rock excavation and supporting measures; the typical methods of NATM excavation and geotechnical control degeneration analysis method in weak surrounding rock, that in the weak surrounding rock tunnel excavation, excavation face cannot be stabilized, should take an appointment / beam reinforcement measures, and to grade IV2 the sub level for weak surrounding rock classification boundaries, higher than this level of surrounding rock tunnel excavation is relatively safe, but lower than that of the surrounding this grading level should be constrained, reinforcement in the excavation process, or intervention. Give full attention to the application.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U455.4

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