本文關鍵詞：基于地震危險性的橋梁網絡震后運輸能力分析　出處：《西南交通大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 交通路網 易損性 橋梁 地震 余震

【摘要】：交通路網的震后性能對減少區(qū)域性災害損失并加快重建有不言而喻的重要意義。地震發(fā)生以后,橋梁結構的損壞會導致部分甚至整個交通路網的中斷,嚴重影響震后救災工作。本研究初步建立了一套評估流程,可以判斷出整個交通路網的可靠程度,有助于為交通路網系統(tǒng)管理者和政府決策部門提供救災依據(jù)。首先,本文運用了概率地震危險性分析方法,模擬震源、路徑衰減,并結合橋梁材料參數(shù)的隨機特性,提出橋墩和支座結構易損性曲線計算方法,繼而采用一階界限法,由橋墩和支座等結構構件易損性曲線建立橋梁系統(tǒng)易損性曲線。然后,根據(jù)橋梁系統(tǒng)易損性曲線,評估出橋梁損傷水準和計算交通路網相應路段震后通行能力,結合帶有路段能力限制的交通平衡配流模型,提出了一種以出行費用為評價標準的路網易損性計算方法。并分別從地震重現(xiàn)期和路網需求能力比兩個因素出發(fā),討論整個交通路網的易損性變化情況。計算結果表明,這兩個因素都對整個路網易損性有一定影響。最后,由于混凝土齡期不足以及構件之間未形成一個整體,所以余震地區(qū)橋梁整個施工過程往往存在較大風險。本文基于以往地震發(fā)生記錄,回歸出余震發(fā)生概率模型,對橋墩定義開裂破壞、輕微破壞、中等破壞、嚴重破壞和完全破壞五種損傷指標,提出一種震后橋梁懸臂施工過程易損性計算方法。計算結果表明,整個橋梁施工過程中開裂破壞的超越概率接近40%,而發(fā)生完全破壞的超越概率不足5%,因此余震地區(qū)震后橋梁施工過程應更加重視輕微等級的損傷。
[Abstract]:The post-earthquake performance of traffic network is of great importance to reduce the regional disaster loss and accelerate reconstruction. After the earthquake, the damage of bridge structure will lead to the interruption of part or even the whole traffic network. This study has established a set of evaluation flow, which can judge the reliability of the whole transportation network. It is helpful to provide disaster relief basis for traffic network system managers and government decision-making departments. Firstly, this paper uses probabilistic seismic hazard analysis method to simulate the source and path attenuation. Combined with the random characteristics of bridge material parameters, the method of calculating the vulnerability curve of bridge pier and support structure is proposed, and then the first-order limit method is adopted. The vulnerability curve of bridge system is established from the vulnerability curves of structural components such as piers and supports. Then, according to the vulnerability curve of bridge system, the damage level of bridges and the post-earthquake capacity of corresponding sections of traffic network are evaluated. Combined with the traffic equilibrium assignment model with section capacity constraints, this paper presents a calculation method of road network vulnerability based on travel cost as the evaluation standard, and starts from two factors, earthquake recurrence period and road network demand capacity ratio, respectively. The results show that these two factors have certain influence on the vulnerability of the whole road network. Finally, due to the shortage of concrete age and the lack of component, a whole is not formed. Therefore, the whole construction process of the bridge in aftershock area often has great risk. Based on the previous seismic records, this paper regressed the probability model of aftershock occurrence, defined the bridge pier cracking damage, slight damage, moderate damage. This paper presents a method to calculate the vulnerability of bridge cantilever construction process after earthquake. The calculation results show that the overstepping probability of cracking and failure in the whole bridge construction process is close to 40%. However, the probability of complete damage is less than 5%, so the construction process of bridge in aftershock area should pay more attention to the damage of minor grade.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U446

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