【摘要】：面對(duì)多品種、小批量的市場(chǎng)需求和復(fù)雜多變的生產(chǎn)環(huán)境，企業(yè)需要采取先進(jìn)的生產(chǎn)制造方式和有效的車(chē)間調(diào)度控制技術(shù)，才能提升自己的生產(chǎn)制造能力、市場(chǎng)響應(yīng)能力和整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。虛擬單元制造系統(tǒng)(Virtual Cellular Manufacturing System, VCMS)作為一種兼顧生產(chǎn)柔性和效率的創(chuàng)新生產(chǎn)方式，集成了敏捷制造和精益生產(chǎn)的先進(jìn)理念，面向任務(wù)以及生產(chǎn)工藝進(jìn)行優(yōu)化成組，同時(shí)在邏輯上動(dòng)態(tài)重構(gòu)，適時(shí)協(xié)調(diào)配置共享資源并且保證物流負(fù)荷平衡，進(jìn)而優(yōu)化整個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度的過(guò)程，因此，可以有效地提高系統(tǒng)的市場(chǎng)響應(yīng)能力和動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整能力。 本文在深入分析虛擬單元制造系統(tǒng)相關(guān)理論和研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，，具體研究了周期與事件雙驅(qū)動(dòng)下的虛擬制造單元的動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度問(wèn)題。鑒于動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜性，本文分為兩步進(jìn)行研究。首先從車(chē)間層的短期作業(yè)計(jì)劃角度出發(fā)，研究了周期驅(qū)動(dòng)條件下的虛擬制造單元多階段動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度問(wèn)題并建立了動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度數(shù)學(xué)模型。模型中考慮了加工任務(wù)需求、工件交貨期、設(shè)備加工能力、負(fù)荷平衡等因素，且在每個(gè)時(shí)間階段中提出了任務(wù)優(yōu)先級(jí)的排序策略，充分考慮了共享資源的協(xié)調(diào)和分配，實(shí)現(xiàn)了最大完工時(shí)間和總物料運(yùn)輸距離加權(quán)和最小化的目標(biāo)。并運(yùn)用了啟發(fā)式規(guī)則與蟻群算法相結(jié)合的混合算法進(jìn)行求解，最終合理制定出了虛擬單元多個(gè)時(shí)間階段的調(diào)度方案，并取得了較好的求解結(jié)果。 考慮到實(shí)際生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性和多變性，在周期條件下生成的作業(yè)調(diào)度計(jì)劃的基礎(chǔ)之上，具體考慮了在某個(gè)時(shí)間階段中發(fā)生機(jī)器故障事件影響下的動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度調(diào)整過(guò)程。并提出了機(jī)器故障下的虛擬單元?jiǎng)討B(tài)調(diào)度方法，依據(jù)受影響的工序集合和虛擬單元可利用資源能力進(jìn)行決策分析，并采取右移和更改加工路徑的混合重調(diào)度策略進(jìn)行調(diào)度調(diào)整，以保證加工任務(wù)的順利完成和系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。 為了驗(yàn)證本文所提動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度模型和策略方法的有效性，在對(duì)HZ船舶工程有限公司進(jìn)行深入調(diào)研之后，詳細(xì)分析了其目前存在的生產(chǎn)管理方面的突出問(wèn)題，并將文中提出的虛擬單元?jiǎng)討B(tài)調(diào)度方法應(yīng)用到該公司的管子加工車(chē)間中，得到了滿足生產(chǎn)柔性和動(dòng)態(tài)要求的優(yōu)化調(diào)度方案。最后的結(jié)果分析表明了文章所提方法的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:In the face of multi-variety, small-batch market demand and complex and changeable production environment, enterprises need to adopt advanced production and manufacturing methods and effective workshop scheduling and control technology in order to improve their production and manufacturing capabilities. Market responsiveness and overall competitiveness. Virtual cell manufacturing system (Virtual Cellular Manufacturing System, VCMS), as an innovative mode of production which takes into account both flexibility and efficiency, integrates the advanced concepts of agile manufacturing and lean production, and optimizes task and production process into groups. At the same time, the logic dynamic reconfiguration, timely coordination and allocation of shared resources and ensure logistics load balance, and then optimize the whole process of dynamic scheduling, therefore, can effectively improve the system's market response ability and dynamic adjustment ability. On the basis of deeply analyzing the theory and research status of virtual cell manufacturing system, the dynamic scheduling problem of virtual manufacturing cell driven by cycle and event is studied in this paper. In view of the complexity of the dynamic scheduling problem, this paper is divided into two steps to study. In this paper, the multi-stage dynamic scheduling problem of virtual manufacturing cells (VMCs) under the condition of periodic driving is studied and the mathematical model of dynamic scheduling is established from the point of view of short-term job scheduling at the workshop level. In the model, the factors such as task requirement, due date of workpiece, processing capacity of equipment, load balance and so on are considered, and the scheduling strategy of task priority is put forward in each time stage, and the coordination and allocation of shared resources are fully considered. The maximum completion time and the weighted sum of total material transportation distance are achieved. The hybrid algorithm combining heuristic rule and ant colony algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, the scheduling scheme for multiple time stages of the virtual cell is worked out reasonably, and good results are obtained. Considering the complexity and variability of the actual production environment, the dynamic scheduling adjustment process under the influence of machine fault events in a certain period of time is considered on the basis of the job scheduling plan generated under the periodic conditions. A dynamic scheduling method for virtual cells under machine failure is proposed. According to the affected process set and the ability of virtual cells to make use of resources, the decision analysis is carried out, and the mixed rescheduling strategy of moving to the right and changing the machining path is adopted to adjust the scheduling. To ensure the smooth completion of processing tasks and the stable operation of the system. In order to verify the effectiveness of the dynamic scheduling model and the policy method proposed in this paper, after the in-depth investigation of HZ Shipbuilding Engineering Co., Ltd, the prominent problems in production management are analyzed in detail. The virtual cell dynamic scheduling method proposed in this paper is applied to the pipe processing workshop of the company, and an optimal scheduling scheme is obtained to meet the production flexibility and dynamic requirements. The results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U673

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