【摘要】：港口的三維模型是船舶操縱模擬器視景系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,它是利用計(jì)算機(jī)圖形圖像技術(shù),對港口場景進(jìn)行三維建模,將港口實(shí)際場景虛擬化、信息數(shù)字化,為模擬器船舶操縱提供一個包含有多維信息的虛擬港口場景,學(xué)員進(jìn)行模擬器訓(xùn)練,能夠產(chǎn)生“沉浸”于等同真實(shí)港口環(huán)境的感受和體驗(yàn),從而熟悉港口環(huán)境,熟悉船舶進(jìn)出港口的各種航行操縱,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)員通過模擬器訓(xùn)練,能夠達(dá)到近似等同于實(shí)船訓(xùn)練的效果。港口區(qū)域一般面積廣闊,地形復(fù)雜,對其地形建模就會占用模型數(shù)據(jù)庫大量的多邊形,屬于大場景虛擬仿真。而且海河沿岸建設(shè)模型數(shù)量多又復(fù)雜,僅對港口進(jìn)行簡單三維建模就會生成龐大的三維模型數(shù)據(jù)庫。而要創(chuàng)建更加逼真的三維場景,就需要更細(xì)致的三維模型,越多細(xì)致的模型需要越多的多邊形數(shù)量,從而導(dǎo)致三維數(shù)據(jù)庫過于龐大,最終反而影響仿真系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行效率。在模擬器系統(tǒng)開展的應(yīng)用研究科研項(xiàng)目中,天津港港口區(qū)域面積寬闊,港口模型復(fù)雜,建模過程出現(xiàn)許多模型分布不合理、模型重復(fù)建設(shè)、模型面片的數(shù)據(jù)冗余超常等問題,加上項(xiàng)目時間進(jìn)度較緊,造成建模倉促,沒有很好的處理模型數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構(gòu)和大小問題,最終建成的港口三維模型數(shù)據(jù)庫過于龐大,模擬器系統(tǒng)加載港口視景費(fèi)時且困難,漫游運(yùn)行更出現(xiàn)面片丟失、模型走樣以及圖像遲滯等現(xiàn)象。龐大的模型數(shù)據(jù)庫對建模過程中計(jì)算機(jī)硬件條件也提出很高的要求,對模型的維護(hù)也造成很大困難。港口碼頭是分階段進(jìn)行建設(shè)的,在后期的數(shù)據(jù)庫維護(hù)中免不了要對模型進(jìn)行編輯和增減。論文以天津港為研究對象,基于MultiGen Creator建模軟件,對天津港口三維數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行重構(gòu)優(yōu)化。結(jié)合Creator的各種建模技術(shù)以及模擬器系統(tǒng)提供的各種建模插件,對數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行重新構(gòu)建,構(gòu)建一個不僅便于建模更便于管理的優(yōu)秀的三維數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng),同時對地形三維進(jìn)行重新建模,對實(shí)體模型進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,解決三維模型的“真實(shí)感”和“實(shí)時性”的矛盾。
[Abstract]:The 3D model of the port is an important part of the visual system of the ship maneuvering simulator. It makes use of the computer graphics and image technology to model the port scene, virtualizes the actual scene of the port and digitizes the information. To provide a virtual port scene with multidimensional information for the ship handling simulator, the trainees can train the simulator and generate the experience of "immersing" in the same real port environment, so as to familiarize themselves with the port environment. Familiar with all kinds of navigation operation of ship in and out of port, realize the trainee training through simulator finally, can achieve the effect of approximate equivalent to the training of real ship. Because of the wide area and complex terrain of the port area, the terrain modeling will occupy a large number of polygons in the model database, which belongs to the large scene virtual simulation. Moreover, there are many and complex models in the coastal construction of Haihe River, and a large database of 3D models will be generated by simply modeling the port. In order to create more realistic 3D scene, more detailed 3D models are needed, and the more detailed models are needed, the more polygons are needed, which results in too large a 3D database, which ultimately affects the efficiency of the simulation system. In the application research project of simulator system, Tianjin Port has wide area, complex port model, unreasonable distribution of many models, repeated construction of model, superfluous data redundancy and so on. In addition, due to the tight schedule of the project, the modeling is hasty, the structure and size of the model database are not handled well, the final 3D model database of the port is too large, and it is difficult and time-consuming for the simulator system to load the port view. Surface loss, model aliasing and image hysteresis are more common in roaming. The huge model database also puts forward the very high request to the computer hardware condition in the modeling process, also causes the very big difficulty to the model maintenance. Port wharf is built in stages, and it is necessary to edit and add or subtract the model in the later period of database maintenance. This paper takes Tianjin Port as the research object and optimizes the 3D database reconstruction of Tianjin Port based on MultiGen Creator modeling software. Combined with various modeling techniques of Creator and various modeling plug-ins provided by simulator system, the structure of database system is rebuilt, and an excellent 3D database structure system is constructed, which is not only convenient for modeling but also easier to manage. At the same time, the 3D terrain model is remodeled, and the solid model is optimized to solve the contradiction between "realistic" and "real-time" of 3D model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：集美大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U666.158

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