【摘要】：熔融沉積快速成型技術(Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM)具有柔性制造、綠色制造以及快速成型的特點,符合產(chǎn)品快速開發(fā)、個性化定制等的市場需求,從而被廣泛應用于產(chǎn)品開發(fā)、模具制作、個性化設計等諸多方面,是快速成型技術的一個重要組成部分。然而由于FDM工藝制件成型精度不高,成型制件存在表面層紋,變形翹曲等缺陷,使FDM技術應用局限于產(chǎn)品開發(fā)試制、個性化制作等對制件精度要求較低的領域,制約了熔融沉積成型技術的進一步推廣與應用。因此,研究提高FDM工藝產(chǎn)品的成型精度是FDM技術發(fā)展所面臨的迫切問題。本文結合FDM成型工藝流程,從前處理、成型過程以及后處理三個階段分析闡述了影響成型制件精度的相關因素。依據(jù)各因素對制件精度的影響機理,分析了成型制件尺寸誤差、表面誤差以及制件形變的成因與表征。根據(jù)線性收縮理論提出了不同成型方向上的線性收縮模型,并設計試驗分析了成型方向對制件尺寸誤差的影響；綜合臺階誤差模型以及擠出絲截面模型,提出了“層紋”輪廓模型,并對制件層紋幅值的主要影響因素成型角度與掃描速度進行試驗研究,得出了其影響規(guī)律。根據(jù)制件翹曲變形的成因,通過層內應力-應變的分析,推導得出了變形量的計算公式以及主要參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律。并以MakerBot成型機為平臺,通過正交試驗設計對各因素的影響進行試驗分析,對數(shù)學模型進行了驗證與補充,得出了各影響因素的主次關系以及最優(yōu)組合。最后提出了減小翹曲變形的措施,并通過實例加工應用,驗證了減小翹曲變形措施的可行性。
[Abstract]:Fused deposition modeling (FDM) has the characteristics of flexible manufacturing, green manufacturing and rapid forming, and is in accordance with the market demand of product rapid development, personalized customization and so on, and is widely used in the aspects of product development, mold production, personalized design and the like. It is an important part of rapid prototyping technology. however, because that mol precision of the FDM proces part is not high, the defects of the surface layer grain and the deformation and the like of the shaped part are defect, the application of the FDM technology is limited to the fields of product development trial production, personalized production and the like, and the precision requirement of the part is low, The further extension and application of the melt-deposition forming technology are restricted. Therefore, the research to improve the forming precision of FDM process products is an urgent problem facing the development of FDM technology. In this paper, the relevant factors that affect the precision of the forming part are analyzed in the process of FDM, the process of the former, the forming process and the post-treatment. The mechanism of the influence of various factors on the precision of the product is analyzed, and the cause and characterization of the dimensional error, surface error and deformation of the product are analyzed. According to the linear shrinkage theory, the linear shrinkage model in different forming direction is put forward, and the influence of the forming direction on the size error of the product is analyzed. The model of the "striation" profile is presented. The main influence factors forming angle and scanning speed of the product layer grain amplitude are studied, and the influence rule is obtained. According to the cause of the warp and deformation of the workpiece, the calculation formula of the deformation and the influence rule of the main parameters are derived by the analysis of the internal stress-strain of the layer. Based on the MakerBot forming machine, the influence of each factor is analyzed by the orthogonal test design, and the mathematical model is verified and supplemented, and the primary and secondary relation of each influence factor and the optimal combination are obtained. Finally, the measures to reduce the warping deformation are put forward, and the feasibility of reducing the warping deformation is verified by the application of the example.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TH16

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