【摘要】：相比于傳統(tǒng)的機械齒輪,磁場調(diào)制式磁性齒輪的輸入與輸出之間是非接觸性的,并且自身具有過載保護的特性,磁性齒輪的這些特點都使得其在轉(zhuǎn)矩與轉(zhuǎn)速傳遞的實際應(yīng)用方面具有特殊的優(yōu)勢。然而,磁性齒輪兩轉(zhuǎn)子間非剛性磁耦合特性,導(dǎo)致在啟動以及負(fù)載和速度發(fā)生變化時,出現(xiàn)暫態(tài)振蕩現(xiàn)象。國內(nèi)外對磁性齒輪的大量研究,目前主要是是針對其靜態(tài)以及穩(wěn)態(tài)性能,對磁性齒輪動態(tài)性能的研究方法提出的甚少,本文結(jié)合磁性齒輪低扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度的工作特點以及永磁同步電機中阻尼繞組的工作原理,提出一種在高速轉(zhuǎn)子側(cè)增加阻尼繞組的新型磁場調(diào)制式磁性齒輪(簡稱新型磁性齒輪),對其進行了磁場分析、優(yōu)化設(shè)計、動態(tài)性能以及損耗效率分析等,本文主要研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,本文提出新型磁性齒輪的基本結(jié)構(gòu),利用解析法推導(dǎo)出調(diào)制諧波磁場次數(shù)與轉(zhuǎn)子磁極對數(shù)的關(guān)系,得出磁性齒輪的工作原理。在此基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了有限元法的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用,并概括介紹了電磁場分析軟件的使用。利用有限元方法詳細(xì)分析了磁性齒輪的二維靜態(tài)磁場、轉(zhuǎn)矩特性和穩(wěn)定工作點,對磁性齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)的幾個重要參數(shù)分別進行計算分析,得出了最大靜態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)矩、轉(zhuǎn)矩密度隨參數(shù)值變化的關(guān)系曲線。采用正交優(yōu)化方法對參數(shù)再次進行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計,并采用極差分析法對試驗結(jié)果進行分析,得到了合理的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)取值。其次,根據(jù)傳動系統(tǒng)的組成,建立了傳動系統(tǒng)的運動方程,給出具有阻尼繞組磁性齒輪動態(tài)下的等效模型,理論得出阻尼繞組在瞬態(tài)時所起的作用。對具有阻尼繞組磁性齒輪在空載啟動、負(fù)載啟動、突加負(fù)載擾動以及過載四種不同運行方式下進行動態(tài)性能的研究分析,同時對高速內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)子增加阻尼繞組前后進行動態(tài)性能對比。以外轉(zhuǎn)子空載啟動的調(diào)節(jié)時間為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),計算分析了阻尼繞組的參數(shù)對磁性齒輪的瞬態(tài)影響,得出其調(diào)節(jié)時間隨阻尼繞組不同參數(shù)值的變化規(guī)律,從而確定阻尼繞組合理參數(shù)值,提高整個傳統(tǒng)裝置的穩(wěn)定性。最后,研究了磁性齒輪損耗與效率的大小,在損耗產(chǎn)生機理的理論分析基礎(chǔ)上,建立了磁性齒輪損耗分析的有限元模型,經(jīng)計算得出磁性齒輪增加阻尼繞組前后你各部分產(chǎn)生的損耗大小與轉(zhuǎn)速間的關(guān)系,從而根據(jù)效率計算式得出效率與磁性齒輪轉(zhuǎn)速和負(fù)載間的關(guān)系:磁性齒輪工作于大力矩低轉(zhuǎn)速工況下時損耗較低、效率較高,適合工作于低轉(zhuǎn)速高轉(zhuǎn)矩場合。樣機試驗表明了本文所提出新型磁性齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確性與有效性。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional mechanical gear, the input and output of the magnetic field modulation magnetic gear are non-contact, and have the characteristics of overload protection. These characteristics of magnetic gear make it have special advantages in the practical application of torque and speed transmission. However, the non-rigid magnetic coupling characteristics between the two rotors of magnetic gears lead to transient oscillations when the start-up and load and speed change. A great deal of research on magnetic gears at home and abroad, mainly for its static and steady-state performance, the research methods of dynamic performance of magnetic gears are very few. Based on the working characteristics of magnetic gear with low torsional stiffness and the working principle of damping winding in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), a new type of magnetic field modulation magnetic gear (abbreviated as new magnetic gear) with damping winding on the side of high speed rotor is proposed in this paper. The magnetic field analysis, optimization design, dynamic performance and loss efficiency analysis are carried out. the main research contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the basic structure of the new magnetic gear is proposed in this paper. The relationship between the number of modulation harmonic magnetic fields and the number of rotor poles is derived by analytical method, and the working principle of magnetic gears is obtained. On this basis, the development and application of finite element method are described, and the use of electromagnetic field analysis software is briefly introduced. The two-dimensional static magnetic field, torque characteristics and stable working point of magnetic gear are analyzed in detail by finite element method. Several important parameters of magnetic gear structure are calculated and analyzed respectively, and the maximum static torque is obtained. The relationship curve between torque density and parameter value. The orthogonal optimization method is used to optimize the parameters again, and the test results are analyzed by using the extreme difference analysis method, and the reasonable values of structural parameters are obtained. Secondly, according to the composition of the transmission system, the motion equation of the transmission system is established, the equivalent model of the magnetic gear with damping winding is given, and the function of the damping winding in the transient state is obtained theoretically. The dynamic performance of magnetic gears with damping windings under four different operation modes: no-load start, sudden load disturbance and overload is studied and analyzed. At the same time, the dynamic performance of the high speed inner rotor before and after adding damping winding is compared. The adjustment time of no-load start-up of external rotor is the optimization objective. The transient influence of damping winding parameters on magnetic gear is calculated and analyzed, and the variation law of adjustment time with different parameters of damping winding is obtained. Thus, the reasonable parameter values of damping windings are determined and the stability of the whole traditional device is improved. Finally, the loss and efficiency of magnetic gear are studied. Based on the theoretical analysis of loss generation mechanism, the finite element model of magnetic gear loss analysis is established. The relationship between the loss and the rotating speed of each part of you before and after the damping winding is increased by the magnetic gear is calculated. According to the formula of efficiency calculation, the relationship between efficiency and the speed and load of magnetic gear is obtained: when the magnetic gear works under the condition of high torque and low speed, the loss is low and the efficiency is high, so it is suitable for the situation of low speed and high torque. The prototype test shows the accuracy and effectiveness of the new magnetic gear structure proposed in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH132.41

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