【摘要】：球閥是流體管路的控制裝置。球閥的結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單,密封性較好,相同公稱尺寸的閥類,球閥所占的體積較小,質(zhì)量較輕和材料消耗較少,因而球閥廣泛的應(yīng)用在發(fā)電廠、建筑行業(yè)等行業(yè)中。尤其是在西方工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家,球閥的使用更加廣泛,其可靠性及其他性能指標(biāo)均達(dá)到較高水平,球閥的種類和數(shù)量不斷擴(kuò)大。在球閥耐高溫、耐高壓、大口徑、高密封性等方面有了很大的發(fā)展。隨著金屬材料的發(fā)展及技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,球閥的使用壽命大大提升。目前,西方國(guó)家的研究正在向著球閥優(yōu)良的調(diào)節(jié)性能和一閥多用的方向發(fā)展。目前三片式硬密封球閥在使用過(guò)程中,往往出現(xiàn)閥桿疲勞磨損、密封性失效、球閥的啟閉扭矩過(guò)大等問(wèn)題。為了探究閥桿失效原因,減小球閥啟閉扭矩,改善球閥密封性能,本文以作者在某實(shí)習(xí)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的三片式硬密封球閥為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)球閥的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和密封原理進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析;并以有限元法為基礎(chǔ),使用Solid works軟件建立了三片式硬密封固定球閥各部件三維模型及總裝模型,對(duì)球體與閥桿接觸部位運(yùn)用ANSYS有限元軟件進(jìn)行應(yīng)力分析,確定出應(yīng)力集中的位置;然后通過(guò)優(yōu)化三片式硬密封球閥啟閉裝置,可減小球閥閥桿與球體的接觸應(yīng)力,避免了應(yīng)力集中的現(xiàn)象;最后對(duì)選定的三片式硬密封固定球閥啟閉裝置進(jìn)行密封性能分析與優(yōu)化,通過(guò)增大原設(shè)計(jì)壓力角,使摩擦轉(zhuǎn)矩減小,可提高密封性能。課題的研究結(jié)果為企業(yè)改進(jìn)球閥性能、開(kāi)發(fā)新產(chǎn)品提供了重要的理論參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Ball valve is the control device of fluid pipeline. The structure of ball valve is simple, the sealing property is better, the valve of same nominal size occupies small volume, lighter mass and less material consumption, so ball valve is widely used in power plant, construction industry and other industries. Especially in the developed countries in the west, the ball valve is more widely used, its reliability and other performance indexes reach a higher level, and the variety and quantity of ball valve are expanding. In ball valve high-temperature resistance, high-pressure, large-caliber, high-tightness and so on has a great development. With the development of metal material and the progress of technology, the service life of ball valve is greatly improved. At present, the research in western countries is developing towards the good regulating performance of ball valve and the multi-use of one valve. At present, there are many problems such as fatigue wear of valve stem, failure of sealing property and excessive opening and closing torque of ball valve in the process of using three-piece hard sealing ball valve. In order to investigate the failure reason of valve stem, reduce the opening and closing torque of ball valve, and improve the sealing performance of ball valve, this paper takes the three-piece hard seal ball valve produced by the author in a practical enterprise as the research object. The structure characteristics and sealing principle of ball valve are analyzed in detail. Based on the finite element method (FEM), the three dimensional model and the assembly model of the three piece hard seal fixed ball valve are established by using Solid works software. The stress analysis of the contact part between the ball and the valve stem is carried out by using the ANSYS finite element software. Determine the location of stress concentration; Then the contact stress between the valve stem and the ball can be reduced by optimizing the opening and closing device of the three-piece hard sealing ball valve, and the phenomenon of stress concentration can be avoided. Finally, the sealing performance of the three-piece hard seal fixed ball valve is analyzed and optimized. The friction torque can be reduced by increasing the original design pressure angle, and the sealing performance can be improved. The research results provide an important theoretical basis for enterprises to improve the performance of ball valves and develop new products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH134

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本文編號(hào)：2351210