【摘要】：大口徑多級消能固定錐形閥與普通固定錐形閥的區(qū)別是閥門出口帶有一個特殊設(shè)計的導(dǎo)流罩,同時大口徑多級消能固定錐形閥進行了多項創(chuàng)新設(shè)計,具有普通固定錐形閥的所有特點,除了可用于普通固定錐形閥的對空消能或者淹沒消能場合外,還可應(yīng)用于高壓差及管中消能的場合。目前對大口徑多級消能固定錐形閥結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計的研究很少,本文利用結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計理論和有限元分析方法對該類產(chǎn)品進行優(yōu)化研究,能夠提高產(chǎn)品的可靠性,降低制造的成本。通過對該類產(chǎn)品進行CFD數(shù)值模擬計算,計算其流量系數(shù),了解其消能效果。本文研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾方面:(1)對固定錐形閥的結(jié)構(gòu)和原理進行分析。結(jié)合某電站項目,分析其使用工況,提出了一種新的多級消能導(dǎo)流罩結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)用于管中消能場合。(2)模擬強度試驗和密封試驗工況,通過SolidWorks Simulation軟件對該電站DN2400、PN16固定錐形閥初設(shè)方案進行分析和優(yōu)化,使產(chǎn)品達到了輕量化的要求。采用應(yīng)力應(yīng)變及位移試驗對生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品實物進行應(yīng)力評估和位移測量,將實測結(jié)果與有限元分析計算數(shù)值進行比較,結(jié)果表明實測值與有限元計算值基本一致,優(yōu)化設(shè)計的結(jié)果滿足設(shè)計要求,從而驗證了有限元計算方法的準確性,可用于設(shè)計指導(dǎo)。(3)通過對三種固定錐形閥及閥后消能結(jié)構(gòu)的CFD數(shù)值分析比較,選出較優(yōu)的閥后消能結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)提出了模型試驗的方法,并按照相似性理論制造縮小比例的DN250、PN16固定錐形閥及閥后消能結(jié)構(gòu)模型,完成模擬工況下的閥門消能試驗,將試驗測試結(jié)果換算出的流量系數(shù)、消能率與通過ANSYS Fluent軟件數(shù)值分析計算出的流量系數(shù)、消能率進行對比分析,證明CFD計算方法的原理及相關(guān)公式的正確性。本文通過對大口徑多級消能固定錐形閥設(shè)計優(yōu)化研究,建立了一套固定錐形閥的設(shè)計優(yōu)化方法、流量系數(shù)、應(yīng)力應(yīng)變和位移的計算分析方法,同時建立了試驗?zāi)Ｐ筒⑦M行了試驗,將試驗數(shù)據(jù)與數(shù)值分析值進行對比分析,得出了一些有價值的結(jié)論,為國內(nèi)大型水利工程中大口徑固定錐形閥的設(shè)計和研究提供了一套可行的方法,可縮短設(shè)計周期,降低制造成本,本研究對固定錐形閥的設(shè)計有深刻的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The difference between large caliber multistage fixed cone valve and common fixed cone valve is that the valve outlet has a specially designed flow guide cover, and at the same time, the large caliber multi stage energy dissipation fixed cone valve has carried out many innovative designs. It has all the characteristics of common fixed conical valve. It can be used not only for air energy dissipation or submerged energy dissipation of general fixed cone valve, but also for high pressure difference and energy dissipation in pipe. At present, there is little research on the structural optimization design of large caliber multi-stage energy dissipation fixed conical valve. In this paper, the structural optimization design theory and finite element analysis method are used to optimize this kind of products, which can improve the reliability of the products. Reduce the cost of manufacturing. Through the CFD numerical simulation of this kind of products, the flow coefficient is calculated and the energy dissipation effect is understood. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the structure and principle of the fixed conical valve are analyzed. In this paper, a new multistage energy dissipation guide cover structure is put forward based on the analysis of the operating conditions of a power station project. (2) the strength test and sealing test condition are simulated, and the DN2400, of the power station is analyzed by SolidWorks Simulation software. The initial design of PN16 fixed conical valve was analyzed and optimized to meet the requirement of lightweight. The stress, strain and displacement tests are used to evaluate and measure the stress and displacement of the products. The measured results are compared with the calculated values of finite element analysis. The results show that the measured values are in good agreement with the calculated values of the finite element method. The results of the optimization design meet the design requirements, which verify the accuracy of the finite element method and can be used to guide the design. (3) through the CFD numerical analysis and comparison of three fixed cone valves and their rear energy dissipation structures, (4) the method of model test is put forward, and according to the similarity theory, the DN250,PN16 fixed cone valve and the back energy dissipation structure model are manufactured to complete the valve energy dissipation test under simulated working condition. The flow coefficient, the energy dissipation rate and the flow coefficient calculated by the numerical analysis of the ANSYS Fluent software are compared and analyzed. The principle of the CFD calculation method and the relevant formula are proved to be correct. In this paper, by studying the design optimization of large caliber multistage fixed cone valve, a set of design optimization method, flow coefficient, stress strain and displacement analysis method of fixed cone valve are established. At the same time, the experimental model is established and the experimental data are compared with the numerical analysis values, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. This paper provides a set of feasible methods for the design and research of large caliber fixed conical valve in large water conservancy projects in China, which can shorten the design period and reduce the manufacturing cost. This study has a profound guiding significance for the design of fixed tapered valve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TH134

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