本文關(guān)鍵詞： PLC 塔機 控制系統(tǒng) 風(fēng)速儀 短信通信模塊　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國的現(xiàn)代化進程加快,高層建筑可以最大程度的容納飛速增長的人口,高層建筑是通過塔式起重機將地面上的建筑物運輸?shù)礁邔由辖ㄔ斓?所以塔式起重機在高層建筑修建的過程中具有舉足輕重的地位。塔機通過起升運行機構(gòu)、回轉(zhuǎn)運行機構(gòu)、變幅運行機構(gòu)分別進行升降、旋轉(zhuǎn)、內(nèi)外變幅三種操作,可以將地面上的重物準確運送到目的地。目前國內(nèi)塔機基本都是繼電器加上接觸器的電氣系統(tǒng)控制方式來控制塔機運行的三大機構(gòu)。傳統(tǒng)的基于繼電器接觸器的塔式起重機控制系統(tǒng)存在可靠性不高、故障率高、故障的檢查排除困難、智能化程度不夠、壽命短不易保養(yǎng)維護等缺點。因此開發(fā)出一套效率高可靠性好的塔機控制系統(tǒng)具有十分重要的現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用意義。根據(jù)課題中塔機實際的現(xiàn)場運行情況,結(jié)合塔機三大工作運行機構(gòu)的電動機的驅(qū)動原理,設(shè)計出了一套高效可行的電氣控制系統(tǒng)方案。完成了對塔機PLC控制系統(tǒng)的電氣硬件設(shè)計。采用光洋SH系列小型PLC、三相交流電動機、制動器、整流器、傳感器等,通過接觸器加上繼電器的方式控制塔機的工作機構(gòu)。根據(jù)所選的電氣硬件設(shè)計并制作了PLC的外圍控制電路、主電路以及系統(tǒng)保護電路、三大機構(gòu)電機控制電路以及聯(lián)動控制臺信號控制電路。完成了基于PLC的塔機控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計,系統(tǒng)的梯形圖程序設(shè)計主要包括兩個方面,塔機的動作程序和PLC與短信模塊的通信程序。塔機動作程序的兩個方面程序設(shè)計,包括動作控制程序和系統(tǒng)預(yù)警保護程序。預(yù)警程序包括各運動機構(gòu)的限位、起升重量和起升力矩的限制以及風(fēng)速的自動檢測及自動處理。最后,PLC與短信模塊的通信程序主要是實現(xiàn)了遠程鎖機與解鎖、遠程故障查詢等功能。公司用戶可以通過手機短信遠程控制塔機的鎖機與解鎖以及查詢超重超力矩故障信息等功能。采用短信遠程控制的方式可以避免塔機在使用過程中出現(xiàn)不規(guī)范操作或者過期使用拖欠租金等情況。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the modernization process of China has been accelerated, high-rise buildings can accommodate the rapid growth of the population to the greatest extent, high-rise buildings are built by tower cranes to transport the buildings on the ground to the high-rise. So tower crane has a pivotal position in the process of high-rise building construction. Tower crane through lifting operation mechanism, rotary operation mechanism, luffing operation mechanism to lift up, rotation respectively. Internal and external amplitude change three operations. The heavy objects on the ground can be transported to the destination accurately. At present, the tower cranes in China are basically three major mechanisms for controlling the operation of the tower cranes by means of the electrical system control of relays plus contactors. The reliability of tower crane control system is not high. The failure rate is high, the trouble checking and removing is difficult, and the degree of intelligence is not enough. Therefore, it is very important to develop a set of tower crane control system with high efficiency and reliability. According to the actual field operation situation of tower crane in the subject, it is very important to develop a set of tower crane control system with high efficiency and good reliability. Combined with the driving principle of the motor of the three major operating mechanism of tower crane. A set of efficient and feasible electrical control system is designed. The electrical hardware design of tower crane PLC control system is completed. The optical SH series mini-PLC, three-phase AC motor and brake are adopted. Rectifier, sensor, etc. According to the selected electrical hardware, the peripheral control circuit, main circuit and system protection circuit of PLC are designed and manufactured by the way of adding contactor and relay to control the working mechanism of tower crane. The software design of tower crane control system based on PLC is completed. The ladder diagram program design of the system mainly includes two aspects. Tower crane action program and PLC and short message module communication program. Tower crane action program two aspects of the program design. Including motion control program and system early warning protection program. The early warning procedure includes the limit of movement mechanism, the limit of lifting weight and lifting moment, and the automatic detection and processing of wind speed. The communication program between PLC and short message module is mainly to realize remote lock machine and unlock. Remote fault inquiry and other functions. Company users can remote control tower crane through mobile phone SMS lock and unlock as well as query information of overweight overtorque fault and other functions. The use of SMS remote control method can avoid tower crane in the. Use the process of irregular operation or overdue use of rent arrears and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH213.3;TP273

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本文編號：1478402