本文關(guān)鍵詞：雙吸離心泵葉片載荷特性及其應(yīng)用研究　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 雙吸離心泵 載荷曲線 反問題設(shè)計 葉片優(yōu)化

【摘要】：在水泵反問題設(shè)計方法中,葉片載荷將葉片形狀與水泵內(nèi)部流動特性聯(lián)系在一起,目前還沒有明確的選取方法。本文以比轉(zhuǎn)速在90～180內(nèi)的雙吸離心泵為研究對象,對葉片載荷特性與雙吸離心泵性能的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了深入研究。 首先分析了葉片載荷曲線在反問題設(shè)計方法中的應(yīng)用過程,建立了三段式載荷曲線的求解方程和計算步驟。在此基礎(chǔ)上,針對12臺性能優(yōu)良的雙吸離心泵,進(jìn)行了流動特性分析與葉片載荷曲線的反演計算,建立了載荷曲線參數(shù)與水泵水力性能之間的關(guān)系。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),前蓋板主加載點位置過于靠前會使水泵進(jìn)口壓力降低,直接影響水泵的汽蝕性能；前、后蓋板后加載點過于靠前,會使葉輪后部做功能力不足,降低效率,過于靠后則會使葉輪出口處壓力梯度較大,產(chǎn)生明顯的二次流,影響泵的效率和壓力脈動。其中,具有高抗汽蝕特性的雙吸離心泵,前蓋板主加載點在相對軸面流線坐標(biāo)上主要分布在0.24～0.65范圍內(nèi),并隨比轉(zhuǎn)速的增加而減小；具有高效率特性的雙吸離心泵,前蓋板后加載點主要分布在區(qū)間0.59～9.75范圍內(nèi),后蓋板后加載點主要分布在0.53～0.67范圍內(nèi),均隨比轉(zhuǎn)速的增加而增大：具有低壓力脈動特性的雙吸離心泵,前蓋板后加載點主要分布在0.75～0.86范圍內(nèi),后蓋板后加載點主要分布在0.69--0.86范圍內(nèi),均隨比轉(zhuǎn)速的增加而減小�；谏鲜鲚d荷曲線特征,形成了用于指導(dǎo)雙吸離心泵葉輪設(shè)計的"RNG載荷曲線”。 針對在反問題設(shè)計過程中出現(xiàn)的葉片扭曲問題,提出了一種在滿足前蓋板和后蓋板載荷曲線要求的前提下,通過調(diào)整葉片軸面截線形狀,來控制葉片整體平滑度的葉片調(diào)控方法——"RNG葉片調(diào)控方法”。該方法將所有軸面截線均為下凸型圓弧,圓弧半徑按指定規(guī)律由進(jìn)口向出口逐漸增加。由此方法得到的葉片,表面光順,整體水力性能好。 將所建立的RNG載荷曲線和RNG葉片調(diào)控方法相結(jié)合,形成了用于指導(dǎo)雙吸離心泵葉輪水力設(shè)計的"RNG加載技術(shù)”。根據(jù)該項技術(shù),分別以提高效率和降低壓力脈動為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),對兩臺雙吸離心泵葉輪進(jìn)行了改型優(yōu)化設(shè)計。其中,以提高效率為目的葉輪經(jīng)改型設(shè)計后,最優(yōu)點效率提高了2.4個百分點；以降低壓力脈動為目標(biāo)的葉輪經(jīng)改型設(shè)計后,在設(shè)計工況下壓力脈動峰峰值降低了約50%,研究成果已經(jīng)在大型引黃灌溉工程等實際泵站中應(yīng)用。 本文研究成果為雙吸離心泵葉輪設(shè)計提供了一種新的途徑,對提高雙吸離心泵效率和運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性具有重要工程意義和應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:In the inverse problem design method of water pump, the blade load is used to link the blade shape with the flow characteristics of the pump. At present, there is no clear selection method. In this paper, the relationship between the characteristics of blade load and the performance of double suction centrifugal pump is studied. Firstly, the application process of blade load curve in inverse problem design method is analyzed, and the solving equation and calculation steps of three-stage load curve are established. On this basis, 12 dual-suction centrifugal pumps with excellent performance are designed. The relationship between the parameters of the load curve and the hydraulic performance of the pump is established by the analysis of the flow characteristics and the inverse calculation of the blade load curve. If the main loading point of the front cover plate is located too far forward, the inlet pressure of the pump will be reduced, which will directly affect the cavitation performance of the pump. If the front and rear cover plate load point is too forward, the work capacity behind the impeller will be insufficient, and the efficiency will be reduced, and the pressure gradient at the outlet of the impeller will be larger and the secondary flow will be obvious. The efficiency and pressure fluctuation of the pump are affected. Among them, the main loading point of the front cover plate is mainly distributed in the range of 0.24 ~ 0.65 in the relative axial streamline coordinates of the double suction centrifugal pump with high cavitation resistance. And decrease with the increase of specific speed. For the double suction centrifugal pump with high efficiency, the front and back loading points are mainly distributed in the range of 0.59 ~ 9.75, and the rear cover plate's loading points are mainly in the range of 0.53 ~ 0.67. All increase with the increase of specific speed: the double suction centrifugal pump with low pressure pulsation characteristics, the front cover plate after loading point is mainly distributed in the range of 0.75 ~ 0.86. The back loading points of the back cover plate are mainly distributed in the range of 0.69 to 0.86, and all of them decrease with the increase of specific rotational speed, which is based on the above characteristics of load curve. The "RNG load curve" was formed to guide the design of double suction centrifugal pump impeller. In order to solve the problem of blade distortion in the process of inverse problem design, a new method is proposed to adjust the shape of blade axial section on the premise that the load curve of front cover plate and back cover plate can be satisfied. The blade control method "RNG blade control method" is used to control the overall smoothness of the blade. In this method, all axial section lines are convex circular arcs. The arc radius increases gradually from the inlet to the outlet according to the specified law. The blade obtained by this method has a smooth surface and good overall hydraulic performance. By combining the established RNG load curve with the RNG blade control method, a "RNG loading technique" was formed to guide the hydraulic design of the double suction centrifugal pump impeller. In order to improve efficiency and reduce pressure pulsation, two double suction centrifugal pump impellers were modified to optimize the design of the impeller, in which, the purpose of the impeller was to improve the efficiency of the impeller after the modification design. The best efficiency increased by 2.4%; The impeller with the aim of reducing pressure pulsation has been modified and the peak value of pressure pulsation has been reduced by about 50. The research results have been applied in large irrigation projects of Yellow River diversion and other practical pumping stations. The research results in this paper provide a new way for the design of double suction centrifugal pump impeller. It is of great engineering significance and application value to improve the efficiency and operation stability of double suction centrifugal pump.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH311

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