【摘要】：語(yǔ)言模糊現(xiàn)象在人類的交際中普遍存在。近年來(lái),國(guó)內(nèi)外眾多語(yǔ)言學(xué)家從翻譯學(xué)以及語(yǔ)用學(xué)等等多種角度探討了模糊語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象,收獲頗豐。而在當(dāng)今世界,美國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)與政治等領(lǐng)域的影響不容忽視。其政治經(jīng)濟(jì)方針和意識(shí)形態(tài)信息常通過(guò)白宮新聞發(fā)布會(huì)廣為傳播。白宮新聞發(fā)布會(huì)作為一種極具影響的公眾關(guān)系活動(dòng),對(duì)其發(fā)言人所使用的語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔性和準(zhǔn)確性有很高要求,需要避免含糊其辭,答非所問(wèn)。但白宮發(fā)言人所運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)言模糊情況并不少見(jiàn)。 本文在收集大量白宮發(fā)言詞的基礎(chǔ)上,主要采用定性和定量相結(jié)合的分析方法,試圖從語(yǔ)用學(xué)中合作原則及禮貌原則的角度對(duì)白宮外交模糊語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行探索性研究。對(duì)七篇白宮發(fā)布會(huì)內(nèi)容(不同年份隨機(jī)挑選)的字?jǐn)?shù),句子數(shù)量和模糊語(yǔ)言次數(shù)進(jìn)行列表分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)這其中有百分之五十八的語(yǔ)句使用了模糊語(yǔ)言。 論文通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)整理和分析,得到以下結(jié)論：(1)模糊語(yǔ)言在白宮發(fā)言中廣泛使用,他們的發(fā)言詞中有百分之五十八的模糊語(yǔ)言存在。(2)白宮發(fā)言詞中的外交模糊語(yǔ)言出于掩飾,替代和禮貌原因主要違反合作原則中的質(zhì)(61%),量(63%)和方式(55%)三個(gè)分項(xiàng)原則,但是極少數(shù)違反了關(guān)系原則(21%)。(3)在白宮新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上所使用的模糊策略,從本質(zhì)上考慮是為了達(dá)到維護(hù)自己國(guó)家利益的目的。 本論文在研究理論和研究實(shí)踐上都有一定的意義。理論上研究了一個(gè)新的對(duì)象,揭示了白宮發(fā)言詞中語(yǔ)言模糊性的特點(diǎn)以及語(yǔ)言策略。實(shí)踐上本文能夠讓讀者更好地了解白宮外交語(yǔ)言的模糊性并能夠?qū)ν馐氯藛T分析和理解白宮外交語(yǔ)言有所幫助。
[Abstract]:Linguistic ambiguity is common in human communication. In recent years, many linguists at home and abroad have discussed vague linguistic phenomena from translation studies and pragmatics. In today's world, the influence of the United States in economic and political fields can not be ignored. Its political and economic policies and ideological information are often widely disseminated through White House press conferences. As an influential public relations event, the White House press conference has a high demand for the simplicity and accuracy of the language used by its spokesman, and needs to avoid ambiguity and answer questions. But the language ambiguity used by the White House spokesman is not uncommon. On the basis of collecting a large number of White House speeches, this paper mainly uses qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to try to explore the vague language of White House diplomacy from the perspective of pragmatic cooperation principle and politeness principle. A list analysis of the number of words, the number of sentences and the number of fuzzy languages in the content of seven White House press conferences (randomly selected in different years) shows that 58% of these statements use fuzzy language. Through data collation and analysis, the paper draws the following conclusions: (1) Fuzzy language is widely used in White House speeches, 58% of which exist in their speeches. (2) diplomatic vague language in White House speech is disguised, substitution and politeness mainly violate the three sub-principles of quality (61%), quantity (63%) and mode (55%) in the principle of cooperation. But very few of the vague strategies used at the White House press conference, which violate the relationship principle (21 percent). (3), are essentially considered to safeguard their own national interests. This paper has certain significance in research theory and research practice. This paper theoretically studies a new object and reveals the characteristics of language fuzziness and language strategies in White House speeches. In practice, this paper can make readers better understand the fuzziness of the White House diplomatic language and help foreign affairs personnel to analyze and understand the White House diplomatic language.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H315

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