【摘要】：世界最低工資的立法已有百年歷史,其產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展經(jīng)過(guò)了艱苦的歷程。最低工資制度是我國(guó)在社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的指導(dǎo)下引入的一項(xiàng)新的工資政策,它借鑒了市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家在工資調(diào)控與管理方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn),并按照具有中國(guó)特色的框架來(lái)實(shí)施。最低工資在大多數(shù)國(guó)家的立法和實(shí)踐,也為我國(guó)最低工資制度的執(zhí)行提供了豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn),在將近二十年中不斷取得新的進(jìn)展,同時(shí)一定程度上保障了勞動(dòng)者的合法權(quán)益。 通過(guò)大量的理論和實(shí)證研究發(fā)現(xiàn),學(xué)者們?cè)谧畹凸べY的很多方面并沒(méi)有達(dá)成統(tǒng)一的結(jié)論。不同地域的最低工資的實(shí)施效果存在差異,意味著研究不同地區(qū)的最低工資具有重要意義。作為全國(guó)政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化中心,東部地區(qū)直轄市吸引了大量的外來(lái)勞動(dòng)力,其勞動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,對(duì)最低工資制度的需求更加強(qiáng)烈,因此考察東部地區(qū)京津滬直轄市最低工資的合理性具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和實(shí)證分析從三個(gè)方面對(duì)京津滬直轄市最低工資合理性進(jìn)行研究。以國(guó)內(nèi)外的最低工資研究為前提,在客觀分析京津滬直轄市最低工資發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析法探究其制定和調(diào)整最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)影響因素的合理性,然后利用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)方法分析其最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相關(guān)指標(biāo)的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況,最后運(yùn)用多元回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)的方法分析其最低工資的就業(yè)效應(yīng)。 本文的結(jié)論認(rèn)為,從不同方面考察的京津滬直轄市最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的合理性具有不同的結(jié)果。在影響因素方面,三市調(diào)整最低工資所考慮的影響因素均參照了國(guó)家的相關(guān)規(guī)定,合理性的差別在于影響因素關(guān)聯(lián)度的大��；在相關(guān)指標(biāo)方面,北京市的最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相對(duì)天津市和上海市整體狀況更好,但從國(guó)際相比,三市的最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)都仍存在差距；在就業(yè)效應(yīng)方面,北京市和上海市的最低工資對(duì)就業(yè)會(huì)產(chǎn)生正效應(yīng),而天津市的最低工資對(duì)其就業(yè)具有顯著的負(fù)效應(yīng),最低工資的就業(yè)效應(yīng)存在地域差異。
[Abstract]:The legislation of the world minimum wage has a history of 100 years, and its emergence and development have gone through a difficult process. The minimum wage system is a new wage policy introduced by our country under the guidance of the socialist market economy system. It draws lessons from the experience of the market economy countries in the regulation and management of wages and implements it according to the framework with Chinese characteristics. The legislation and practice of the minimum wage in most countries also provide rich experience for the implementation of the minimum wage system in our country, and make new progress in the past twenty years, at the same time, to a certain extent, it has guaranteed the legitimate rights and interests of the laborer. Through a large number of theoretical and empirical studies, it is found that scholars have not reached a unified conclusion in many aspects of the minimum wage. The effect of minimum wage in different regions is different, which means that it is of great significance to study the minimum wage in different regions. As a national political, economic and cultural center, cities directly under the Central Government in the eastern region have attracted a large number of foreign labor forces. Their labor force structure is complex, and the demand for the minimum wage system is even stronger. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to investigate the rationality of minimum wage in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai municipalities. This paper studies the rationality of minimum wage in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai municipalities from three aspects by means of statistical analysis and empirical analysis. Based on the research of minimum wage at home and abroad, and on the basis of objective analysis of the current situation of the development of minimum wage in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai municipalities, this paper explores the reasonableness of the influencing factors of setting and adjusting the minimum wage standard by using the grey relational analysis method. Then we use the statistical data method to analyze the actual situation of the relevant indicators of the minimum wage standard, and finally use the multivariate regression method to analyze the employment effect of the minimum wage. The conclusion of this paper is that the rationality of the minimum wage in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai municipalities has different results. In terms of influencing factors, all the factors considered in the adjustment of the minimum wage in the three cities refer to the relevant provisions of the country. The rationality difference lies in the magnitude of the correlation degree of the influencing factors; in terms of the relevant indicators, The minimum wage standards in Beijing are better than those in Tianjin and Shanghai as a whole, but there are still gaps in the minimum wage standards in the three cities from the international point of view; in terms of employment effects, The minimum wage in Beijing and Shanghai has a positive effect on employment, while the minimum wage in Tianjin has a significant negative effect on their employment, and there are regional differences in the employment effect of minimum wage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F249.24

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