【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展，“服務(wù)型政府”概念越來越得到普遍接受，而非營利組織也漸漸蓬勃發(fā)展，并已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今社會(huì)中的一類重要團(tuán)體在國家政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)生活中扮演著愈加重要的角色，自改革開放以來，非營利組織的影響已深入到經(jīng)濟(jì)生活的各個(gè)方面，，在彌補(bǔ)社會(huì)保障、服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)與道德構(gòu)建等方面發(fā)揮了積極作用，同時(shí)對(duì)構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)也具有重要意義。志愿者是非營利組織的重要人力資源，是營造非營利組織競爭優(yōu)勢(shì)的重點(diǎn)，也是提升其績效、實(shí)現(xiàn)非營利組織可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。但是，當(dāng)今我國志愿服務(wù)還存在諸多困難，如相關(guān)法律制度不健全，社會(huì)保障體系不完善，內(nèi)部激勵(lì)機(jī)制不合理，對(duì)志愿者也沒有長期系統(tǒng)地培訓(xùn)，同時(shí)還面臨著資金困難。在志愿者層面也存在加入的積極性不高、加入后參與志愿活動(dòng)的積極性不高，使命感不強(qiáng)、動(dòng)機(jī)不純等一系列亟需解決的重要問題。導(dǎo)致存在這一問題的主要原因，是我國在對(duì)非營利組織志愿者的激勵(lì)不夠科學(xué)健全。因此，亟需加強(qiáng)對(duì)非營利組織中的志愿者激勵(lì)機(jī)制的研究，充分發(fā)揮志愿者在提升非營利組織績效的重要作用。 本文在綜合闡述了相關(guān)非營利組織志愿者激勵(lì)理論的基礎(chǔ)上，深入分析現(xiàn)階段我國非營利組織志愿者激勵(lì)現(xiàn)狀，從政府干預(yù)、經(jīng)費(fèi)籌集、社會(huì)認(rèn)知、培訓(xùn)以及績效考核機(jī)制等方面探析現(xiàn)存問題的原因，同時(shí)借鑒國外非營利志愿者組織中志愿者激勵(lì)措施的經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上，從非營利組織外部、非營利組織內(nèi)部和志愿者自身三個(gè)不同層面提出了非營利組織志愿者激勵(lì)的建議，以求達(dá)成提升非營利組織績效的目的。主要體現(xiàn)在：一是健全政策法規(guī)、完善津貼補(bǔ)助機(jī)制、健全社會(huì)監(jiān)督機(jī)制、加強(qiáng)宣傳報(bào)道、籌集經(jīng)費(fèi)方面；二是采取靈活多樣的內(nèi)部激勵(lì)措施，完善教育培訓(xùn)機(jī)制，同時(shí)規(guī)范志愿者管理體制；三是引導(dǎo)志愿者自身確立合適目標(biāo)，加強(qiáng)自我情緒控制，同時(shí)加強(qiáng)自我評(píng)估，提升綜合素質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society, the concept of "service-oriented government" has been more and more accepted, and non-profit organizations have developed rapidly, and have become an important group in national politics. Economic and social life plays an increasingly important role. Since the reform and opening up, the influence of non-profit organizations has penetrated into all aspects of economic life, making up for social security. It plays a positive role in the construction of service economy and morality, and also plays an important role in building a harmonious socialist society. Volunteer is an important human resource of non-profit organization, it is the key to build the competitive advantage of non-profit organization, and also the key to improve its performance and realize the sustainable development of non-profit organization. However, there are still many difficulties in volunteer service in our country, such as imperfect legal system, imperfect social security system, unreasonable internal incentive mechanism, lack of systematic training for volunteers for a long time, and at the same time facing financial difficulties. At the level of volunteers, there are a series of important problems that need to be solved, such as the low enthusiasm to join, the low enthusiasm to participate in voluntary activities after joining, the weak sense of mission, the impure motivation and so on. The main reason for this problem is that the motivation of non-profit organization volunteers in our country is not scientific and sound. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the research on the incentive mechanism of volunteers in non-profit organizations, and give full play to the important role of volunteers in improving the performance of non-profit organizations. On the basis of expounding the motivation theory of volunteers in relevant non-profit organizations, this paper deeply analyzes the current situation of volunteer incentive in NPOs in China, which includes government intervention, fund raising, social cognition, etc. This paper explores the reasons of the existing problems in the aspects of training and performance appraisal mechanism, and draws lessons from the experience of volunteer incentives in foreign non-profit volunteer organizations, from the outside of non-profit organizations. In order to achieve the purpose of improving the performance of non-profit organizations, three different levels of non-profit organizations and volunteers themselves put forward suggestions on the motivation of volunteers in non-profit organizations. Mainly reflected in: first, perfect policies and regulations, perfect subsidy mechanism, perfect social supervision mechanism, strengthen publicity and report, raise funds; second, adopt flexible and diverse internal incentives, improve education and training mechanism, At the same time, the volunteer management system should be standardized. Thirdly, the volunteers should be guided to establish appropriate goals, strengthen their self-control of emotion, strengthen their self-evaluation and improve their comprehensive quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D632.9

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