本文選題：涉林氣候談判 + 木材產(chǎn)品　； 參考：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著國際氣候變化談判的深入,各國紛紛以氣候談判框架公約為基礎(chǔ)對本國的木材產(chǎn)品相關(guān)貿(mào)易政策和林業(yè)政策進行調(diào)整,以保護本國的森林資源。這些政策措施在保護森林資源的同時,也會對木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生一定的沖擊和影響。目前學(xué)者們對于涉林氣候談判對中國木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易的影響的研究大多還停留在邏輯推理階段,推測氣候談判可能會通過一系列關(guān)稅或非關(guān)稅措施直接或間接地對木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生影響。事實上,氣候談判中的涉林議題必將對包括中國在內(nèi)的世界各國的木材產(chǎn)品相關(guān)貿(mào)易政策和林業(yè)政策、木材產(chǎn)業(yè)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)生重大影響,從而影響到木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易水平。因此,深入探究涉林氣候談判是否以及如何對木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生影響,不僅有助于相關(guān)理論研究的推進,而且能夠為推進我國木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易健康發(fā)展提供理論指導(dǎo)。具體來講,本研究圍繞以下幾個方面展開： 首先,對國內(nèi)外關(guān)于氣候談判與木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易的相關(guān)研究分別進行綜述,發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)于涉林氣候談判影響木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易機制的研究缺口,然后提出本文的研究問題。此外,對氣候變化、氣候談判、涉林氣候談判等關(guān)鍵概念進行了界定,確定了本研究選定的木材產(chǎn)品統(tǒng)計范圍,并概述了本文的相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)理論。隨后,闡釋了氣候談判的發(fā)展歷程、重要國際氣候談判中的林業(yè)議題、涉林氣候談判的政治、經(jīng)濟和技術(shù)意義,并對涉林氣候談判背景下各國所采取的應(yīng)對政策和行動進行梳理。 其次,重點剖析涉林氣候談判影響木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易的政策傳導(dǎo)機制。本文所指的政策傳導(dǎo)機制是指,涉林氣候談判是通過影響各國制定和調(diào)整與木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易相關(guān)的林業(yè)政策和貿(mào)易政策,從而對木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生影響。涉林氣候談判形成的《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》和《京都議定書》等法律文件確立了森林資源在應(yīng)對氣候變化和氣候談判中的戰(zhàn)略作用,各國制定相應(yīng)的林業(yè)政策和木材產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易政策來打擊非法采伐,從而實現(xiàn)林業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。然而,這些林業(yè)政策和貿(mào)易政策很容易帶上貿(mào)易保護主義色彩,對木材產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)、供給和貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上本文進一步對涉林氣候談判影響木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易的經(jīng)濟效應(yīng)進行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)涉林氣候談判會通過上述政策傳導(dǎo)機制對木材產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易的數(shù)量和價格產(chǎn)生抑制作用。 再次,在前文定性分析的基礎(chǔ)上,定量檢驗涉林氣候談判的政策效應(yīng)。通過政策梳理確立涉林氣候談判的政策效應(yīng)指標(biāo)體系；在廣泛征求專家意見的基礎(chǔ)上確定最終的評價指標(biāo)及指標(biāo)權(quán)重；隨后開展問卷調(diào)研,重點考察涉林氣候談判的三個國際會議對中國木材產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易相關(guān)政策的影響程度。研究結(jié)果表明涉林氣候談判的國際會議對木材產(chǎn)品相關(guān)政策產(chǎn)生了影響。同時,三個會議對我國相關(guān)貿(mào)易政策和林業(yè)政策的影響程度基本是同等的。這意味著涉林氣候談判確實會導(dǎo)致政府制定和調(diào)整林業(yè)政策和木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易相關(guān)政策,目的是為了保護本國森林資源,從而更好地發(fā)揮森林資源在應(yīng)對氣候變化和氣候談判中的作用。 然后,基于涉林氣候談判政策效應(yīng)的定量分析結(jié)果,進一步實證檢驗涉林氣候談判政策效應(yīng)對中國木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易的影響。鑒于與貿(mào)易政策相比,林業(yè)政策對木材產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易具有一定的時滯性和隱蔽性,因此本文重點選取涉林氣候談判所導(dǎo)致的木材產(chǎn)品相關(guān)貿(mào)易政策作為研究對象,首先從理論上分析貿(mào)易政策影響木材產(chǎn)品進口和出口的理論機制,其次建立拓展的引力模型,以中國對歐盟主要國家的進出口數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),分別實證檢驗涉林氣候談判對中國膠合板出口的影響,以及涉林氣候談判對中國原木進口的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),涉林氣候談判所引起的政策設(shè)置對中國膠合板出口具有正向影響,而對中國原木進口具有負向影響。這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)驗證了涉林氣候談判導(dǎo)致的木材產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易相關(guān)政策確實會對我國木材產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生影響,而且結(jié)果表明涉林氣候談判對我國不同木材產(chǎn)品進出口的影響存在差異。 最后,此基礎(chǔ)上進一步從政府、行業(yè)和企業(yè)三個不同層面,提出我國應(yīng)對涉林氣候談判、推進木材產(chǎn)品國際貿(mào)易健康發(fā)展的對策建議。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the international climate change negotiations, countries have adjusted their own timber products related trade policies and forestry policies on the basis of the Framework Convention on climate negotiations to protect their own forest resources. These policies and measures will also have a certain impact and shadow on the international trade in wood products while protecting forest resources. At present, most scholars have studied the influence of forest climate negotiations on the international trade of wood products in China. Most of them still remain in the logical reasoning stage. It is presumed that climate negotiations may have a direct or indirect effect on the international trade of wood products through a series of tariff or non-tariff measures. In fact, the forest related issues in climate negotiations must be discussed. It will have a significant impact on the trade policies and forestry policies of wood products, economic development and technological innovation of the wood industry in all countries, including China, which will affect the international trade level of wood products. It is helpful to promote the research of relevant theories and to provide theoretical guidance for the healthy development of international trade in wood products in China.
First, a review of the relevant studies on climate negotiations and international trade in wood products was made, and the research gaps on the impact of forest related climate negotiations on the international trade mechanism of wood products were found, and then the research issues were put forward. The statistical scope of the selected timber products was determined and the relevant basic theory of this paper was outlined. Then, the development process of climate negotiations, the forestry issues in the important international climate negotiations, the political, economic and technical significance of the forest climate negotiations, and the policies and actions taken by various countries under the context of the negotiation of forest climate negotiations were discussed. The movement is combed.
Secondly, the policy transmission mechanism of forest climate negotiations affecting the international trade of wood products is analyzed. The policy transmission mechanism referred to in this paper refers to the forestry policy and trade policy related to the international trade of wood products, which affects the international trade of wood products, and has a influence on the international trade of wood products. Legal documents, such as the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change and the Kyoto Protocol, have established the strategic role of forest resources in dealing with climate change and climate negotiations. Countries have formulated corresponding forestry policies and trade policies for timber products to combat illegal logging and thus achieve the healthy development of forestry. Industry policy and trade policy are easy to take on trade protectionism and have an impact on the production, supply and trade structure of wood products. On this basis, this paper further analyzes the economic effects of forest climate negotiations affecting the international trade of wood products. The quantity and price of product trade have a restraining effect.
Thirdly, on the basis of qualitative analysis, the policy effect of forest climate negotiation is tested quantitatively. The policy effect index system of forest related climate negotiation is established through policy, and the final evaluation index and index weight are determined on the basis of extensive consultation of experts, and then a questionnaire survey is carried out to focus on the negotiation of forest related climate negotiations. The impact of the three international conferences on China's timber trade related policies showed that the International Conference on forest related climate negotiations had an impact on the policy of timber products. At the same time, the impact of the three meetings on China's related trade policies and forestry policies was basically equal. It will lead to the government's formulation and adjustment of policies on forestry policies and international trade in wood products, with the aim of protecting their own forest resources and thus making better use of the role of forest resources in climate change and climate negotiations.
Then, based on the quantitative analysis results of the policy effect of forest climate negotiation, the influence of the policy effect of forest climate negotiation on the international trade of China's timber products is further tested. In view of the time lag and concealment of the forestry policy to the trade of wood products, the emphasis of this paper is to select the forest climate negotiations. The related trade policy of wood products is the research object. First, the theoretical mechanism of trade policy affecting the import and export of wood products is theoretically analyzed. Secondly, an extended gravitational model is established. Based on the import and export data of the main EU countries, the export of China's plywood export is verified. The impact of forest climate negotiations on the import of Chinese logs has been found. It is found that the policy setting caused by forest climate negotiations has a positive impact on the export of China's plywood, but has a negative impact on the import of China's logs. It has an impact on China's timber products trade, and the results show that there are differences in the impact of forest related climate negotiations on the import and export of different timber products in China.
Finally, on this basis, from three different levels of government, industry and enterprise, we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to deal with forest climate negotiations and promote the healthy development of international trade in wood products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.88;F752

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