發(fā)布時間：2018-06-17 00:49

  本文選題：生態(tài)外交 + 環(huán)境援助�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的大框架下和全球化地不斷推動中,生態(tài)環(huán)境問題日益突出,持續(xù)受到國際社會的矚目。全球生態(tài)環(huán)境的持續(xù)惡化,不僅導(dǎo)致了極端天氣的出現(xiàn)和眾多疾病的爆發(fā),對人類的生產(chǎn)、生活和健康造成影響,也使全球經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨著嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn),甚至威脅到了人類生存本身。因此,生態(tài)環(huán)境問題正日益成為國際社會關(guān)注的中心議題之一。由于生態(tài)環(huán)境問題通常具有全球性、跨國性、長期性、共存性等屬性,因此,其危害及解決它的途徑都超出了國家的界限,任何國家都無法逃避生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化帶來的影響和挑戰(zhàn)。生態(tài)環(huán)境問題事關(guān)每一個國家的利益。所以,加強合作成為了國際社會治理全球生態(tài)環(huán)境問題的共識。為此,國際社會開展了一系列的外交活動。就澳大利亞而言,盡管其國內(nèi)的生態(tài)環(huán)境得到了很好地保護和治理,但南太平洋地區(qū),甚至世界其他國家和地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境的持續(xù)惡化依然給澳大利亞帶來了巨大的壓力。為維護國家利益,提升國家形象,自二十世紀70年代以來,澳大利亞圍繞著國際環(huán)境立法與談判、環(huán)境援助、處理國際環(huán)境糾紛和沖突等領(lǐng)域,開展了包括對外環(huán)境援助、參與《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架條約》及其相關(guān)談判在內(nèi)的一系列的生態(tài)外交活動,并取得了明顯的成效,為全球生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護和改善做出了不可磨滅的貢獻,促進了其國家利益的實現(xiàn)和國際形象的提升。然而,受國內(nèi)政治、經(jīng)濟與生態(tài)、國際等因素的制約,澳大利亞在保護全球生態(tài)環(huán)境的具體做法上又有所保留,甚至出現(xiàn)反復(fù)與倒退,阻礙了澳大利亞生態(tài)外交的順利開展。這在一定程度上影響了澳大利亞生態(tài)外交的成效。本文將從澳大利亞面臨的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題及挑戰(zhàn)、推行生態(tài)外交的實踐及成效、原因及影響因素三個大的方面,抽取對外環(huán)境援助和參與《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架條約》及其相關(guān)談判兩個案例,對澳大利亞的生態(tài)外交進行初步的探討,以期能為澳大利亞和生態(tài)環(huán)境研究增磚添瓦。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and globalization, the problem of ecological environment has become more and more prominent and has been attracting the attention of the international community. The continuous deterioration of the global ecological environment has not only led to the emergence of extreme weather and the outbreak of numerous diseases, which has had an impact on human production, life and health, but also posed serious challenges to the sustainable development of the global economy, It even threatens the very existence of mankind. Therefore, the ecological environment problem is increasingly becoming one of the central issues concerned by the international community. Because ecological environmental problems are usually global, transnational, long-term and coexisting, their harm and ways to solve them are beyond the limits of the country. No country can escape the impacts and challenges brought about by the deterioration of the ecological environment. The problem of ecological environment concerns the interests of every country. Therefore, strengthening cooperation has become the consensus of the international community to deal with global ecological environmental problems. To this end, the international community carried out a series of diplomatic activities. As far as Australia is concerned, although its domestic ecological environment has been well protected and managed, the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment in the South Pacific region, even in other countries and regions of the world, still brings great pressure to Australia. In order to safeguard national interests and enhance the image of the country, Australia has carried out foreign environmental assistance, including foreign environmental assistance, around international environmental legislation and negotiations, environmental assistance, and handling international environmental disputes and conflicts since the 1970s. Participating in a series of ecological diplomacy activities, including the United Nations Framework Treaty on Climate change and its related negotiations, with tangible results, and making an indelible contribution to the protection and improvement of the global ecological environment, It promotes the realization of its national interests and the promotion of its international image. However, restricted by domestic politics, economy, ecology and international factors, Australia has some reservations on the specific practices of protecting the global ecological environment, even repeated and retrogression, which hinders the smooth development of Australia's ecological diplomacy. To a certain extent, this has affected the effectiveness of Australia's ecological diplomacy. This paper will focus on the problems and challenges of ecological environment in Australia, the practice and effect of ecological diplomacy, the reasons and influencing factors. Two cases of foreign environmental assistance and participation in the United Nations Framework Treaty on Climate change and its related negotiations are selected to make a preliminary discussion of Australia's ecological diplomacy, in order to add to the study of Australia and the ecological environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D861.1
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本文編號：2028826