本文選題：美國(guó) + 日本��； 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：二戰(zhàn)后,美國(guó)為了實(shí)現(xiàn)其全球戰(zhàn)略,在世界各地建立了軍事基地。其中,沖繩是東亞地區(qū)最重要的軍事基地之一。戰(zhàn)時(shí),美國(guó)通過(guò)“沖繩之戰(zhàn)”實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)沖繩的軍事占領(lǐng),1951年又通過(guò)《對(duì)日和平條約》使自己在沖繩的統(tǒng)治權(quán)力合法化。然而,自此之后,美國(guó)的軍事統(tǒng)治與日漸覺(jué)醒的沖繩人民之間不斷發(fā)生沖突,“沖繩問(wèn)題”產(chǎn)生并不斷擴(kuò)大。為了確保對(duì)沖繩基地的控制權(quán),美國(guó)在不同時(shí)期采取了不同的應(yīng)對(duì)之策,試圖以滿足沖繩人民經(jīng)濟(jì)要求而遏制或消弭其政治要求。最終,隨著國(guó)際局勢(shì)的變化以及沖繩內(nèi)部發(fā)生的變化,美國(guó)不得已放棄在沖繩的直接統(tǒng)治權(quán),轉(zhuǎn)而謀求最大化的自由使用權(quán)。正文共分四部分:第一部分論述“沖繩問(wèn)題”的產(chǎn)生,著眼于沖繩的戰(zhàn)略價(jià)值、沖繩與日本本土的關(guān)系以及美國(guó)對(duì)沖繩的占領(lǐng)和沖繩法律地位的確定。第二部分梳理典型的軍事統(tǒng)治時(shí)期“沖繩問(wèn)題”的特點(diǎn)及美國(guó)的應(yīng)對(duì)之策。彼時(shí),沖繩復(fù)歸運(yùn)動(dòng)初起,美國(guó)極力遏制并強(qiáng)制征用當(dāng)?shù)厝说耐恋?引發(fā)雙方更為激烈的沖突。第三部分分析有限民主化時(shí)期美國(guó)對(duì)“沖繩問(wèn)題”的應(yīng)對(duì)之策。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)沖繩的穩(wěn)定統(tǒng)治,在遏制沖繩人民政治復(fù)歸運(yùn)動(dòng)的同時(shí),美國(guó)也采取有限的民主化措施,逐步擴(kuò)大沖繩自治,同時(shí)盡可能滿足沖繩人民對(duì)土地租金的要求,并擴(kuò)大對(duì)沖繩的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助。第四部分闡明盡管美國(guó)調(diào)整了統(tǒng)治政策,擴(kuò)大了沖繩自治,但沖繩復(fù)歸運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)無(wú)法阻擋,美國(guó)最終失去了統(tǒng)治權(quán),轉(zhuǎn)而謀求最大限度的自由使用權(quán)。隨之,“沖繩問(wèn)題”主要轉(zhuǎn)向美軍與當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裰g司法方面的沖突�？傊�,通過(guò)上述論證,本文旨在說(shuō)明:美國(guó)統(tǒng)治沖繩期間,與當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裨谡巍⒔?jīng)濟(jì)、司法等多方面發(fā)生沖突;為了實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)沖繩更加長(zhǎng)久、穩(wěn)固的統(tǒng)治,美國(guó)曾經(jīng)不斷的調(diào)整自己的政策,但最終失去統(tǒng)治權(quán);保留了最大程度的自由使用權(quán)。然而,只要美軍在沖繩繼續(xù)存在,“沖繩問(wèn)題”就不會(huì)消失。
[Abstract]:After World War II, the United States established military bases around the world in order to realize its global strategy. Among them, Okinawa is one of the most important military bases in East Asia. In wartime, the United States realized its military occupation of Okinawa through the "War of Okinawa", and legalized its ruling power in Okinawa through the Treaty of Peace with Japan in 1951. Since then, however, there has been a constant conflict between American military rule and the rising Okinawa people, and the Okinawa issue has been growing. In order to ensure the control of Okinawa base, the United States has adopted different countermeasures in different periods, trying to contain or eliminate its political demands in order to meet the economic demands of Okinawan people. Finally, with the changes in the international situation and the changes taking place within Okinawa, the United States had to give up its direct sovereignty over Okinawa and seek to maximize its free use right. The text is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the emergence of "Okinawa problem", focusing on the strategic value of Okinawa, the relationship between Okinawa and Japan, the occupation of Okinawa by the United States and the determination of Okinawa's legal status. The second part combs the typical characteristics of Okinawa during the period of military rule and American countermeasures. At the beginning of the Okinawa Reunification movement, the United States tried to contain and forcibly expropriate local land, triggering more fierce clashes. The third part analyzes the American countermeasures to Okinawa problem in the period of limited democratization. In order to achieve a stable rule over Okinawa, while containing the political return movement of the Okinawan people, the United States has also taken limited democratization measures to gradually expand Okinawa's autonomy and, at the same time, to meet as far as possible the demands of the Okinawan people on land rents. And expand economic aid to Okinawa. The fourth part states that although the United States has adjusted its ruling policy and expanded the autonomy of Okinawa, the Okinawa Restoration Movement has been irresistible, and the United States has finally lost the ruling power and turned to seek the maximum free use right. As a result, the Okinawa issue turned to judicial conflicts between the US military and local people. All in all, through the above argument, this paper aims to show that during the period of American rule of Okinawa, conflicts occurred with the local people in political, economic, judicial and other aspects; in order to achieve a longer and more stable rule over Okinawa, The United States has constantly adjusted its policies, but ultimately lost its dominion; retained maximum freedom of use. However, as long as the US military continues to exist in Okinawa, the Okinawa problem will not disappear.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K712.54;K313.5

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本文編號(hào)：1967808