本文選題：全國人大代表 + 代表結(jié)構(gòu)�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以代表結(jié)構(gòu)為研究核心,詳細(xì)論述1954年到2013年全國人民代表大會代表結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,以及分析變化背后的原因。代議政治是現(xiàn)代政治理論研究的熱點(diǎn),代表結(jié)構(gòu)是代議政治的重要組成部分,對代表結(jié)構(gòu)的研究有著重要理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)價值。一方面,代表結(jié)構(gòu)為代議政治提供了新的研究視角和發(fā)展方向；另一方面,對于我國人大代表結(jié)構(gòu)的分析可以加深對人大代表的認(rèn)識,對改革和完善人大制度具有重要意義。 在為數(shù)不多的人大代表結(jié)構(gòu)的研究中,大多都存在著研究不深入、時間跨度不長等不足。所以作者希望能在既有研究基礎(chǔ)上,對人大代表結(jié)構(gòu)做具有突破性和創(chuàng)新性的研究。本論文共五大部分。導(dǎo)論部分對選定的研究方向做了簡要的介紹,包括研究問題與意義、既有研究的回顧與評述、研究方法與研究框架。第二部分針對相關(guān)概念做了界定,并詳細(xì)論述了文章的理論框架。本文借鑒了查爾斯《美國憲法的經(jīng)濟(jì)觀》中對制憲會議成員的分析框架和托馬斯《誰掌管美國》中對美國掌權(quán)階層的分析框架,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了自己的解釋框架,即描述結(jié)構(gòu)的變化并從政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會三個方面解釋變化的原因。在基本問題交代清楚之后,第三部分和第四部分對全國人大代表結(jié)構(gòu)的變化展開詳細(xì)論述。第三部分結(jié)合表格,從代表總數(shù)、性別、民族、黨派、年齡、學(xué)歷、身份、行業(yè)方面描述人大代表結(jié)構(gòu)在比例上的變化。緊接著,在第四部分回答引起上述變化的原因,主要從政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會三個方面來解釋。其中政治原因包括黨的方針政策變化、法律法規(guī)的修改以及人大常委會的決定；經(jīng)濟(jì)原因包括經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的變化、經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的調(diào)整和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整；社會原因包括國家與社會關(guān)系的變遷、社會階層的變化和教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展。第五部分是對前文的總結(jié)與提升,闡述代表結(jié)構(gòu)的價值和作者對代表結(jié)構(gòu)在未來發(fā)展中的期望。 本論文的優(yōu)點(diǎn)有三：第一,選題好。以代表結(jié)構(gòu)為重點(diǎn)的研究不多,對代表結(jié)構(gòu)變化做深入分析的更少,所以本論文在選題上具有一定的創(chuàng)新性。第二,所做的研究時間跨度大。以60年為時間軸,論述人大代表結(jié)構(gòu)在這60年中的變化與發(fā)展,這對于全面認(rèn)識我國人大制度史具有重要意義。第三,所參考的分析框架新穎。借鑒國外學(xué)者在研究美國代表結(jié)構(gòu)的分析方法與框架,構(gòu)建了自己的分析框架,使得研究更具合理性。
[Abstract]:Taking the representative structure as the core of the research, this paper discusses in detail the changes of the representative structure of the National people's Congress from 1954 to 2013, and analyzes the reasons behind the changes. Representative politics is a hot topic in the research of modern political theory, and representative structure is an important part of representative politics, which has important theoretical significance and practical value for the study of representative structure. On the one hand, the representative structure provides a new research perspective and development direction for representative politics; on the other hand, the analysis of the structure of deputies to the National people's Congress can deepen the understanding of the deputies to the National people's Congress and is of great significance to the reform and improvement of the NPC system. In the few research on the NPC representative structure, most of them have some shortcomings, such as the research is not deep, the time span is not long, and so on. Therefore, the author hopes to do a breakthrough and innovative research on the NPC representative structure on the basis of the existing research. There are five parts in this thesis. The introduction gives a brief introduction to the selected research direction, including the research issues and significance, the review and review of the existing research, the research methods and research framework. The second part defines the related concepts and discusses the theoretical framework of the article in detail. This paper draws lessons from the analytical framework of the members of the Constituent Assembly in Charles' Economic View of the United States Constitution and Thomas' who is in charge of the United States, and on the basis of this, constructs its own interpretation framework. That is to describe the structural changes and explain the reasons from the political, economic and social aspects. After explaining the basic problems clearly, the third and fourth parts discuss the changes of NPC deputies structure in detail. The third part, combined with the table, describes the changes in the proportion of NPC deputies from the aspects of total number of delegates, gender, nationality, party, age, education, identity and industry. Then, in the fourth part, the reasons for these changes are explained from three aspects: political, economic and social. The political reasons include the changes of the Party's principles and policies, the revision of laws and regulations and the decisions of the standing Committee of the National people's Congress, the economic reasons include the changes of the economic system, the adjustment of economic policies and the adjustment of the industrial structure. Social reasons include the change of state and social relation, the change of social stratum and the development of education. The fifth part is the summary and promotion of the above, expounding the value of the representative structure and the author's expectation of the representative structure in the future development. This paper has three advantages: first, the topic is good. There are few researches focusing on representative structure and less in-depth analysis on the change of representative structure, so this paper has some innovation in selecting topics. Second, the research has a long time span. Taking 60 years as the time axis, this paper discusses the changes and development of the NPC deputy structure in the past 60 years, which is of great significance to the comprehensive understanding of the history of the NPC system in China. Thirdly, the analytical framework referred to is novel. Based on the analysis methods and frameworks of the representative structure of the United States, foreign scholars have constructed their own analytical framework, which makes the research more reasonable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D622

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