本文選題：尼泊爾 + 加德滿(mǎn)都谷地��； 參考：《南京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：加德滿(mǎn)都谷地位于尼泊爾中部,是尼泊爾政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化的中心。在古代,這里是亞洲文明交匯的十字路口,印度文明和華夏文明在這里相互影響、相互滲透。加德滿(mǎn)都谷地經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展落后,當(dāng)?shù)厝酥饕杖雭?lái)源依靠農(nóng)業(yè)和旅游服務(wù)業(yè)。尼泊爾獨(dú)特的地形地貌,吸引了眾多游人前來(lái)觀(guān)光探險(xiǎn),這里享有“東方瑞士”的美譽(yù)。吸引來(lái)自世界各地游客的不僅僅是安納普爾那徒步大環(huán)線(xiàn),更多的是加德滿(mǎn)都谷地那璀璨的印度教神廟、精雕細(xì)琢的皇宮建筑群、虔誠(chéng)的佛教徒、淳樸的民風(fēng)、異樣的民俗節(jié)日。本文主要研究加德滿(mǎn)都谷地傳統(tǒng)建筑。筆者對(duì)尼泊爾歷史資料進(jìn)行了挖掘整理,對(duì)加德滿(mǎn)都谷地主要地區(qū)進(jìn)行深度考察走訪(fǎng),對(duì)加德滿(mǎn)都谷地傳統(tǒng)建筑進(jìn)行調(diào)查與研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上,分析加德滿(mǎn)都谷地城市建設(shè)、宮殿建筑、宗教建筑、民居建筑和建造技術(shù)等,歸納總結(jié)得出一般規(guī)律。筆者通過(guò)大量典型實(shí)例,力求通俗完整地展現(xiàn)加德滿(mǎn)都谷地傳統(tǒng)建筑。本文共分八章,主要章節(jié)根據(jù)不同的建筑類(lèi)型進(jìn)行分類(lèi)。第一章為緒論,包括課題來(lái)源、研究對(duì)象與內(nèi)容、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究目的和意義以及研究思路框架。第二章介紹加德滿(mǎn)都谷地自然環(huán)境和人文背景,全面解讀谷地地形地貌、氣候特征、歷史沿革、民族和宗教等,分析其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,為課題研究打下基礎(chǔ)。第三章至第七章為本文重點(diǎn)章節(jié),按照類(lèi)型分別為加德滿(mǎn)都谷地城市建設(shè)、宮殿建筑、宗教建筑、民居建筑和傳統(tǒng)建造技術(shù)五部分。第三章城市建設(shè)分為三部分,介紹城市發(fā)展歷史、分析城市的選址與布局特征,并分析城市發(fā)展因素。第四章為宮殿建筑,以加德滿(mǎn)都、帕坦和巴德崗三座城市的宮殿為例,介紹宮殿建筑的發(fā)展,并分析宮殿建筑的布局特征。第五章宗教建筑分為印度教建筑和佛教建筑兩大類(lèi),以谷地內(nèi)主要印度教和佛教建筑為例,分析印度教建筑類(lèi)型、形制、元素以及佛教建筑類(lèi)型與形制。第六章民居建筑主要介紹民居建筑群的空間布局特征,建筑單體形制及建筑材料。第七章為傳統(tǒng)建筑技術(shù),分析谷地內(nèi)的建造技術(shù)特色,尤其對(duì)宮殿建筑、神廟建筑和民居建筑的木構(gòu)件構(gòu)造做法進(jìn)行解讀。第八章介紹4.25大地震對(duì)谷地傳統(tǒng)建筑的影響,羅列對(duì)比受損嚴(yán)重的文物建筑,分析其受損嚴(yán)重的原因。
[Abstract]:The Kathmandu Valley, located in central Nepal, is the political, economic and cultural center of Nepal. In ancient times, it was the crossroads of Asian civilizations, where Indian and Chinese civilizations interacted and infiltrated. The Kathmandu Valley lags behind, and the local people rely mainly on agriculture and tourism services for their income. Nepal's unique topography, attracted many visitors to explore, here enjoy the "Eastern Switzerland" reputation. Tourists from all over the world are attracted not only by the Annapurna trekking loop, but also by the radiant Hindu temples in the Kathmandu Valley, the elaborate palace complex, the devout Buddhists, the simple folkways. An unusual folk festival. This paper mainly studies the traditional architecture of Kathmandu Valley. The author excavates and arranges the historical data of Nepal, makes a deep investigation and visit to the main areas of Kathmandu Valley, investigates and studies the traditional buildings in the Kathmandu Valley, and on this basis, analyzes the urban construction of the Kathmandu Valley. Palace architecture, religious architecture, residential architecture and construction technology, summed up and summed up the general law. Through a large number of typical examples, the author tries to show the traditional buildings of Kathmandu Valley in a popular and complete way. This paper is divided into eight chapters, the main chapters are classified according to different architectural types. The first chapter is the introduction, including the source of the topic, research object and content, domestic and foreign research status, research purpose and significance, as well as the framework of research ideas. The second chapter introduces the natural environment and humanistic background of Kathmandu Valley, comprehensively interprets the landform, climate characteristics, historical evolution, ethnic and religious relationship, and lays a foundation for the research of this subject. The third to seventh chapters are the key chapters of this paper, according to the types of Kathmandu Valley urban construction, palace architecture, religious architecture, residential architecture and traditional construction technology five parts. The third chapter is divided into three parts. It introduces the history of urban development, analyzes the characteristics of city location and layout, and analyzes the factors of urban development. The fourth chapter is the palace architecture, taking the palaces of Kathmandu, Patan and Badgang as examples, introduces the development of the palace architecture, and analyzes the layout characteristics of the palace architecture. The fifth chapter is divided into two categories: Hindu architecture and Buddhist architecture. Taking the main Hindu and Buddhist architecture in the valley as an example, this paper analyzes the types, shapes, elements, types and shapes of Hindu architecture. The sixth chapter mainly introduces the space layout characteristics, individual shape and building materials of residential buildings. The seventh chapter is the traditional architectural technology, analysis of the characteristics of the construction technology in the valley, especially to the palace architecture, temple architecture and residential buildings of wood construction practices are interpreted. The eighth chapter introduces the influence of the 4.25 earthquake on the traditional buildings in the valley, lists and compares the seriously damaged cultural relics buildings, and analyzes the causes of the serious damage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU-86

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本文編號(hào)：1817414