本文選題：元話語(yǔ) + 短語(yǔ)　； 參考：《江南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：元話語(yǔ)是指作者組織語(yǔ)篇、吸引讀者、表示對(duì)命題內(nèi)容和對(duì)讀者的態(tài)度的顯性語(yǔ)言手段，體現(xiàn)交際參與要素之間的互動(dòng)關(guān)系，基于這一理念，Hyland將元話語(yǔ)分為引導(dǎo)元話語(yǔ)和互動(dòng)元話語(yǔ)。近些年的研究顯示，元話語(yǔ)的研究不管是在方法、內(nèi)容還是研究對(duì)象都變得日益豐富、深入、細(xì)致�？傮w來(lái)說(shuō)，可以用“厚”與“薄”兩個(gè)字來(lái)概括當(dāng)前元話語(yǔ)的研究：“厚”這一層面對(duì)元話語(yǔ)的研究更加具體，關(guān)注語(yǔ)言本體的研究；而“薄”則相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)更加寬泛，注重研究對(duì)象中元話語(yǔ)數(shù)量分布的探討。 目前有關(guān)元話語(yǔ)的研究主要從心理語(yǔ)言學(xué)角度、社會(huì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)角度、認(rèn)知功能角度和自然語(yǔ)言處理角度等這些方面來(lái)進(jìn)行。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)在語(yǔ)言研究領(lǐng)域的運(yùn)用，大批量的文本處理成為可能，這也促進(jìn)了語(yǔ)料庫(kù)語(yǔ)言學(xué)的研究。同時(shí)，運(yùn)用語(yǔ)料庫(kù)軟件對(duì)大量文本的處理所收集的數(shù)據(jù)也在一定程度上使元話語(yǔ)的定性分析有據(jù)可依、更科學(xué)。作為一種聯(lián)系作者與語(yǔ)篇，作者與讀者，讀者與語(yǔ)篇的重要手段，元話語(yǔ)對(duì)作者表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)、實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇的評(píng)價(jià)至關(guān)重要。而語(yǔ)篇評(píng)價(jià)這一概念實(shí)質(zhì)上表達(dá)的是人際意義。但長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，有一個(gè)重要的特點(diǎn)卻容易被學(xué)者忽略，即元話語(yǔ)作為語(yǔ)言的本質(zhì)特點(diǎn)。既然元話語(yǔ)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇的評(píng)價(jià)功能有影響，那么這種影響究竟是如何產(chǎn)生的？是不是所有的元話語(yǔ)都有評(píng)價(jià)功能？這種評(píng)價(jià)是顯性的還是隱性的？它的表達(dá)方式有哪些？鑒于這些疑問(wèn)，本文主要針對(duì)以下問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了具體的研究分析： (1)元話語(yǔ)在新聞評(píng)論中的頻率分布情況如何？ (2)元話語(yǔ)在新聞評(píng)論中的典型的短語(yǔ)形式是什么？這些短語(yǔ)形式具有什么樣的評(píng)價(jià)功能？ (3)元話語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)其在新聞評(píng)論中的評(píng)價(jià)功能？ 為了解決上述三個(gè)問(wèn)題，本文參考《哥倫比亞新聞評(píng)論》周刊對(duì)新聞評(píng)論的分類(lèi)，自建語(yǔ)料庫(kù)，共收集了政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技、文化四個(gè)方面的120篇新聞評(píng)論，均來(lái)自英美主流媒體（《華盛頓郵報(bào)》、《路透社》、《衛(wèi)報(bào)》、《觀察家報(bào)》），時(shí)間跨度為2010年10月至2013年12月，試以語(yǔ)料庫(kù)短語(yǔ)理論視角，在Martin和White(2005)評(píng)價(jià)理論背景下，從元話語(yǔ)的形式、意義與評(píng)價(jià)功能入手，通過(guò)定性分析為主、定量分析為參照的研究方法，并借助計(jì)算機(jī)軟件Antconc3.2和Wordsmith6.0嘗試對(duì)語(yǔ)料中出現(xiàn)的典型且含有元話語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)塊進(jìn)行較全面、多角度的分析，以求了解元話語(yǔ)實(shí)現(xiàn)評(píng)價(jià)功能的潛在原因。 通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)： 1）在本研究中，語(yǔ)料庫(kù)內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的元話語(yǔ)形式共計(jì)為183個(gè)，引導(dǎo)元話語(yǔ)和互動(dòng)元話語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)分別為6417次和4234次。出現(xiàn)頻率較高的為轉(zhuǎn)換標(biāo)記語(yǔ)、框架標(biāo)記語(yǔ)與模糊標(biāo)記語(yǔ),占元話語(yǔ)總數(shù)的百分比別為42.1%，18.9%和16.1%，出現(xiàn)頻率最少的元話語(yǔ)為語(yǔ)碼標(biāo)注語(yǔ)，為0.4%。 2）本語(yǔ)料中，高頻元話語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)，即出現(xiàn)在4篇語(yǔ)篇以上的語(yǔ)塊形式為27組。27組短語(yǔ)形式中包含不同類(lèi)型的元話語(yǔ)分類(lèi)，如轉(zhuǎn)換標(biāo)記語(yǔ)according to、模糊標(biāo)記語(yǔ)seem to和seem like、證據(jù)標(biāo)記語(yǔ)X says和自我提及語(yǔ)I think, I suspect等。 3）作者在同一語(yǔ)境中會(huì)同時(shí)使用兩種或兩種以上的元話語(yǔ)資源來(lái)表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)、構(gòu)建、緩和并完善作者-讀者關(guān)系，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)客體的評(píng)價(jià)功能，，以此完成語(yǔ)篇的勸說(shuō)功能，典型的即為模糊語(yǔ)和強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)在評(píng)論中的交替使用。 4）元話語(yǔ)的評(píng)價(jià)功能體現(xiàn)在其對(duì)作者態(tài)度的影響程度方面：證據(jù)標(biāo)記語(yǔ)、框架標(biāo)記語(yǔ)可以增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇的正面評(píng)價(jià)；轉(zhuǎn)換標(biāo)記語(yǔ)在不同的語(yǔ)境中既可以增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇的正面評(píng)價(jià)也可以增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)篇的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)；模糊標(biāo)記語(yǔ)既可以削弱語(yǔ)篇的正面評(píng)價(jià)又可以緩和語(yǔ)篇的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)；轉(zhuǎn)換標(biāo)記語(yǔ)、自我提及語(yǔ)、關(guān)系建立語(yǔ)則被作者用來(lái)進(jìn)行假設(shè)、建立并完善作者-讀者關(guān)系，進(jìn)而完成語(yǔ)篇的評(píng)價(jià)、勸說(shuō)功能。 以上研究在理論上為元話語(yǔ)的意義、形式與評(píng)價(jià)功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了一定的探索和總結(jié)。在實(shí)踐方面為元話語(yǔ)的研究提供了一個(gè)新的視角，同時(shí)為英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作在謀篇布局、論點(diǎn)闡述層面提供了一定的借鑒。因此，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)語(yǔ)言形式、意義與功能的探析有重要的意義。
[Abstract]:Meta discourse refers to the explicit language means by which the author organizes the text, attracts the readers, expresses the propositional content and the attitude to the reader, and embodies the interactive relationship between the elements of the communicative participation. Based on this idea, Hyland divides the meta discourse into the guiding and interactive meta discourse. In recent years, the research shows that the research of meta discourse is in the method, within the method. In general, the two words of "thick" and "thin" can be used to summarize the research of the current meta discourse: the "thick" layer is more specific to the research of the meta discourse, and pays more attention to the research of the language noumenon, while the "thin" is relatively broader and pays more attention to the research object. The discussion of the quantity distribution of language.
At present, the research on meta discourse is carried out mainly from the perspective of psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, cognitive function and Natural Language Processing. With the application of computer technology in the field of language research, large volume text processing is possible, which also promotes the research of corpus linguistics. The data collected by the corpus of a large number of texts can also make the qualitative analysis of the meta discourse to some extent feasible and scientific. As an important means to link the author and the text, the author and the reader, the reader and the text, the meta discourse is very important to the author to express his views and to evaluate the text. But for a long time, there is an important feature that is easily ignored by scholars, that is, the essential characteristics of the language. Since the meta discourse has an influence on the author's attitude and the evaluation function of the text, how does this effect come into being? Is all the meta discourse has the merit of evaluation. Can the evaluation be explicit or recessive? What are the ways of its expression? In view of these questions, this paper mainly studies and analyses the following questions.
(1) what is the frequency distribution of Metadiscourse in news commentary?
(2) what are the typical phrase forms of Metadiscourse in news commentary? What are the evaluation functions of these phrase forms?
(3) how do metadiscourse phrases achieve their evaluation function in news commentary?
In order to solve the above three problems, this paper, referring to the classification of news commentary by the Columbia news review, collected 120 news reviews in four aspects of politics, economy, science and technology, and culture, all from the mainstream media in Britain and America (< Washington Post > < Reuters >, < Guardian >, < observer >), with a span of October 2010. To December 2013, in the perspective of corpus phrase theory, under the background of Martin and White (2005) evaluation theory, starting with the form, meaning and evaluation function of meta discourse, the research method which is based on qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis as reference, and with the help of computer software Antconc3.2 and Wordsmith6.0 to try to appear in the corpus and contain the typical examples. The chunks of metadiscourse are analyzed in a comprehensive and multi perspective way in order to realize the potential reasons for the evaluation function of Jie Yuan discourse.
Through the study, it is found that:
1) in this study, the total number of meta discourse in the corpus is 183, and the number of leading element discourse and interactive meta discourse appear 6417 times and 4234 times respectively. The higher frequency is the conversion marker, the frame marker and the fuzzy marker, the percentage of the total amount of the total discourse is 42.1%, 18.9% and 16.1%. Discourse is a code tagging language, which is 0.4%.
2) in this corpus, the high-frequency meta discourse phrase, that is, in the form of the block above the 4 discourse, contains 27 groups of.27 group phrases, including the different types of meta discourse classification, such as the conversion marker according to, the fuzzy marker seem to and the seem like, the evidence marker X says and the I think of the self reference, I consultants and so on.
3) in the same context, the author will use two or more than two kinds of meta discourse resources to express their views, construct, alleviate and improve the author reader relationship, to realize the evaluation function of the object, so as to finish the persuasive function of the text, which is the alternately used of the vague language and the emphasis in the comment.
4) the evaluation function of meta discourse is reflected in the degree of its influence on the author's attitude: evidence markings, frame markers can enhance the positive evaluation of the text, which can enhance both the positive evaluation of the discourse and the negative evaluation of the text in different contexts; the fuzzy markup can weaken the positive of the text. Face evaluation can also mitigate the negative evaluation of discourse; conversion markers, self references, and relationship establishment are used by the author to assume assumptions, establish and improve the relationship between the author and reader, and then finish the evaluation and persuasive function of the text.
The above research has made a certain exploration and summary for the meaning of meta discourse, the form and the realization of the function of evaluation. In practice, it provides a new perspective for the study of meta discourse, and provides some reference for the layout of English writing and the exposition of the argument. The analysis of function is of great significance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H315

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐赳赳;;關(guān)于元話語(yǔ)的范圍和分類(lèi)[J];當(dāng)代語(yǔ)言學(xué);2006年04期

2 付曉麗;徐赳赳;;國(guó)際元話語(yǔ)研究新進(jìn)展[J];當(dāng)代語(yǔ)言學(xué);2012年03期

3 穆從軍;;中英文報(bào)紙社論之元話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記對(duì)比分析[J];外語(yǔ)教學(xué)理論與實(shí)踐;2010年04期

4 于建平;;元話語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)體特征及互動(dòng)[J];中國(guó)科技翻譯;2007年04期

5 李戰(zhàn)子;龐超偉;;外交評(píng)論話語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)言學(xué)因素——以?shī)W巴馬訪華的6篇述評(píng)為例[J];外語(yǔ)研究;2011年04期

6 閆濤;張麗云;;基于語(yǔ)料庫(kù)的高校英語(yǔ)教師課堂元話語(yǔ)多維功能機(jī)制研究[J];解放軍外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2013年02期

7 唐青葉;書(shū)評(píng)的語(yǔ)類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)及其情態(tài)的力量動(dòng)態(tài)闡釋[J];外語(yǔ)學(xué)刊;2004年01期

8 曹鳳龍;王曉紅;;中美大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)議論文中的元話語(yǔ)比較研究[J];外語(yǔ)學(xué)刊;2009年05期

9 宮軍;;元話語(yǔ)研究:反思與批判[J];外語(yǔ)學(xué)刊;2010年05期

10 李書(shū)倉(cāng);孫一鳳;;元話語(yǔ)與英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)階段的口語(yǔ)教學(xué)[J];山東外語(yǔ)教學(xué);2008年04期

本文編號(hào)：1798906