發(fā)布時間：2018-04-02 14:35

  本文選題：社會救助　切入點：公平化　出處：《天津師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國政治經(jīng)濟在近年來得到了很大的發(fā)展,帶來了消費水平的進一步提高,但居民的工資水平卻沒有得到同步的上升。因此,社會公民由于各方面的原因依舊處于貧困線之下,生活依賴于社會的救助。中國多年的社會救助改革始終處于零散保障階段,近年來才隨著開始了由零散保障向系統(tǒng)保障的邁進,但是公平性依舊得不到保障。究其根源,政府的管理模式?jīng)]有由管理向治理轉(zhuǎn)化是主要原因,以及社會救助過程中的社會組織自身的作用沒有得到有效發(fā)揮也是制約社會救助發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。在現(xiàn)代社會,人民對社會救助公平化問題的關(guān)注度越來越高,但是到目前為止,卻很少有學者在這方面進行深入研究。在不同地區(qū)的社會救助中不公平問題仍普遍存在,不同程度上影響了社會救助功能的發(fā)揮。造成社會救助公平性受損的原因有很多,其中影響最大的是政府與社會組織合作機制的缺失。也就是說,要實現(xiàn)公平救助,探究影響社會救助公平化的深層次原因,必然離不開對政府與社會組織關(guān)系的分析。 本文正是在此基礎上,從現(xiàn)行社會救助的公平性分析入手,指出影響社會救助公平的問題主要是救助范圍局限、救助形式單一、救助審查不嚴、缺乏監(jiān)管以及救助對象中邊緣用戶難以區(qū)分等,同時就管理和治理的區(qū)別以及由管理向治理轉(zhuǎn)變的重要性這一問題進行了深入研究�；谔旖蚴心祥_區(qū)的實際情況,結(jié)合英美日等先進國家的管理經(jīng)驗和國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟發(fā)達地區(qū)的改革經(jīng)驗,從政府單一管理模式,職能部門、工作人員協(xié)作性不足、社會組織的培育與作用發(fā)揮力度不足、救助客體“支出型貧困”缺口大、困難群體過于依賴社會救助、救助形式缺乏主動性等不同角度對這些問題的原因進行了思考。最后根據(jù)相關(guān)文獻和國家改革的建議和意見,分析出社會救助公平化的重點在于推進政府由管理向治理的轉(zhuǎn)變,具體要做到厘清社會救助相關(guān)各方的權(quán)利責任關(guān)系,加強和改進政府社會救助服務能力以及在救助過程中推進多元化主體的相互配合,從而為解決南開區(qū)乃至于國家的社會救助活動中存在的影響公平的問題和進行改革的實踐提供參考性建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the political economy of our country has been greatly developed, which has brought about the further improvement of the consumption level, but the salary level of the residents has not been rising synchronously.Therefore, social citizens are still below the poverty line for various reasons, and life depends on social assistance.The reform of social assistance in China for many years has always been in the stage of piecemeal security. In recent years, with the beginning of the transition from scattered security to system security, the fairness is still not guaranteed.The main reason is that the government management mode has not been transformed from management to governance, and the role of social organizations in the process of social assistance has not been effectively brought into play, which is also the key to restrict the development of social assistance.In modern society, people pay more and more attention to the fairness of social assistance, but so far, few scholars have carried out in-depth research in this area.The unfair problem still exists in different areas, which affects the function of social assistance.There are many reasons why the fairness of social assistance is damaged, among which the most important one is the lack of cooperation mechanism between government and social organizations.In other words, in order to realize fair aid and explore the deep reasons that affect the fairness of social assistance, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between the government and social organizations.Based on the analysis of the fairness of social assistance, this paper points out that the main problems affecting the fairness of social assistance are the limitation of the scope of assistance, the single form of assistance, and the lack of strict review of aid.The lack of supervision and the difficulty of distinguishing the marginal users in the object of rescue and so on. At the same time, the difference between management and governance and the importance of the transition from management to governance are studied in depth.Based on the actual situation in Nankai District of Tianjin, combined with the management experience of advanced countries, such as Britain, America and Japan, and the reform experience of economically developed areas in China, from the single government management model, the lack of coordination among functional departments and staff,The causes of these problems are considered from different angles, such as the insufficient cultivation and function of social organizations, the large gap of "expenditure type poverty", the dependence of social assistance on social assistance and the lack of initiative in the form of relief.Finally, according to the relevant literature and the suggestions and opinions of the national reform, it is analyzed that the emphasis of social assistance equity is to promote the transformation of the government from management to governance, specifically to clarify the rights and responsibilities of the parties involved in social assistance.To strengthen and improve the capacity of government social assistance service and to promote the cooperation of multiple subjects in the process of relief,Thus, some suggestions are provided for solving the problems affecting equity and the practice of reform in Nankai District and even in the national social assistance activities.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D632.1

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