本文選題：城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化　切入點：鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理　出處：《蘇州大學》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中，政府調控和市場機制是兩支重要的力量，其中政府調控尤為重要，是城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化有序發(fā)展的關鍵和主導。政府調控不僅需要國家政策和制度的創(chuàng)新，更需要地方政府治理的發(fā)展，提高政府治理的有效性。鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)是我國社會的基礎，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府處在中國政權體系中的最末一級，上聯國家下接廣大農民，并代表國家對農村社會進行治理。實踐證明，國家在農村社會的治理好壞，在很大程度上取決于鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府的治理行為。在城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中，黨和政府對農村的各項政策、方針、法令等在鄉(xiāng)村的貫徹落實，都要通過鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府來組織和推進；鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府的治理就成為落實和推進黨和國家城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化政策和措施的重要環(huán)節(jié)，也是城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化建設的落腳點和基礎。 城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展如此之重，但尚未得到學術界的足夠重視，主要是因為國內研究城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化大多集中在解釋宏觀政策，為國家城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化政策尋找理論的合理性，很少涉及研究地方政府治理的發(fā)展，尤其是通過鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理的發(fā)展，來加快城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化的進程。本文利用案例研究方法，通過對城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理過程的剖析，尋找影響鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展的主要因子，提高鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理的有效性，探索城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展的方向和路徑。 本文由緒論、主體和結論三部分組成。緒論部分重點分析本研究的緣起及其意義。認為鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展即是城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化建設的落腳點和基礎，也是鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展面臨的新挑戰(zhàn)。同時鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展又可以促進城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化健康發(fā)展。主體分五個章節(jié)，分別論述了鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理的歷史考察、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展面臨的新挑戰(zhàn)、城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展的方向、案例比較分析、城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展的路徑選擇五個方面。 首先，在回顧新中國鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理和鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展的歷程，尋找鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府存在的價值和發(fā)展脈絡，說明鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理在鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展過程中發(fā)揮過和正在發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用和功能，在城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中既要整合各種資源要素，又要優(yōu)化城鄉(xiāng)社會管理結構，還要協(xié)調各個層面的經濟利益和城鄉(xiāng)居民的民主訴求等等。每一項政策、措施都離不開政府的調控和引導，因此城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化的重點在農村，難點也在農村。作為在鄉(xiāng)村一線，具體組織實施的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府，面臨的政治、經濟、社會條件不斷發(fā)生變化，而且面臨城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程不斷變化帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，需要通過治理的發(fā)展來適應和促進城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化。 其次，善治是城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展的方向。治理理論告訴我們，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展不僅僅是鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府自身的事情，它還取決于鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府橫向和縱向關系，也取決于政府、市場、社會的良性互動與合作，實現“善政”到“善治”的轉變。建立以鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)公共事務和責任為中心的“人”和“事”的善治分析框架，從人的角度分析，，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展可以視作為政府、市場、社會三者之間的權力結構和權力關系隨公共事務調整與塑造的過程，強調以“人”為核心的多中心治理；從事的角度分析，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展就是圍繞鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府公共事務的權力分配與合作的過程，強調以“事”為中心，按分權和合作的原則，調整、優(yōu)化鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理職能，適應城鄉(xiāng)經濟社會發(fā)展的要求。 最后，探討城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展的路徑選擇。通過對蘇北兩個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理的個案調查，用善治的分析框架來詮釋正處于城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程中鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展的過程，尋找影響鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展的因子。構建以“人”為核心，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)各行動主體，縣鄉(xiāng)（鎮(zhèn)）政府、民間組織、農民和私人部門等之間的合作治理；以“事”為中心，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理職能的優(yōu)化與調整；以期規(guī)范鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府管理行為，發(fā)展農村基層民主，培育民間組織，實現多元行動主體和利益主體的良性互動，建立多元社會主體結構下的和諧新農村。 本研究的意義和目標在于明確鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展不僅是一個自發(fā)的過程，而且是一個由鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府為主導的全社會主動建構的過程。鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府治理發(fā)展有其雙面性，因此需要在熟悉其內在規(guī)律的基礎上因勢利導，遏制其被動性的發(fā)展，而將其主動性充分激活，從而建立加快城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化進程的現代化的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)治理體系。
[Abstract]:In the integration of urban and rural development in the process of government regulation and market mechanism are two important forces, which the government regulation is very important, is the key and leading the orderly development of the integration of urban and rural development. The government regulation requires not only the innovation of national policy and system, but need to develop local government governance, improve the effectiveness of government governance of the township. Is the foundation of our society, the township government in the China regime in the last stage, the state with the majority of farmers, and on behalf of the state governance of rural society. Practice shows that countries in the rural social governance or governance behavior depends largely on the township government in the process of integration of urban and rural development. In the party and government policies on rural policy, laws in the country to implement, through to the township government to organize and promote the governance of township government becomes; The important link of implementing and promoting the policies and measures of the integration of the urban and rural development of the party and the state is also the foothold and foundation of the integration and construction of urban and rural development.
The township government in the process of the development of the integration of urban and rural development so heavy, but has not been given sufficient attention in the academic circle, mainly because of the integration of urban and rural development of domestic research mostly focus on the interpretation of macroeconomic policy, the policy of integration of urban and rural development state for the rationality of the theory development, few researches on the governance of local government, especially the development of the governance of the township government, to accelerate the integration of urban and rural development. This paper uses the method of case study, through the analysis of the integration of urban and rural development in the process of governance of the township government, to find the main factors affecting the development of township government governance, improve the effectiveness of the governance of the township government, to explore the direction and path of development of township government in the process of integration of urban and rural development.
This paper consists of introduction, body and conclusion of three parts. The introduction part focuses on the analysis of the origin and significance of this study. Think that the development of township government governance is the basic foothold and the integration of urban and rural development, is a new challenge facing the development of township government governance. At the same time, the development of township government governance and promote the healthy development of the integration of urban and rural development subject. Divided into five chapters, respectively discusses the history of governance of the township government, the new challenges for the development of township government governance, development and governance of the township government in the process of integration of urban and rural development direction, comparative analysis of cases, the development path of governance of the township government in the process of integration of urban and rural development in five aspects.
First of all, in the history of the township government China governance and rural development, find the value and development of township government exists, that governance of the township government has played and is playing an irreplaceable role and function in the process of rural development, the integration of urban and rural development is to integrate various elements, but also to optimize the urban and rural the structure of social management, to coordinate all aspects of the economic interests and democratic demands of urban and rural residents and so on. Each policy measure cannot do without the government's regulation and guidance, so the key point in the integration of urban and rural development in rural areas, difficult in the rural areas in the country. As a specific organization of the township government, facing the the political, economic and social conditions change constantly, and the integration of urban and rural development process facing the ever-changing challenges, through the development of governance to adapt and promote the city Township development and integration.
Secondly, good governance is the development of township government in the process of integration of urban and rural development direction. The governance theory tells us that the development of township government township government governance is not only its own thing, it also depends on the township government horizontal and vertical relations, but also depends on the government, market, interaction and cooperation in society, to achieve "good governance" to the "good governance" changes. To establish public affairs and responsibility as the center of the township "people" and "things" good governance analysis framework, analysis from the perspective of people, the development of township government governance can be regarded as the government, market, social process between three power structure and its relationship with public affairs and adjustment the shape, emphasizes the multi center governance based on "people" as the core; analysis in perspective, the development of township government is around the township government public affairs power allocation and cooperation process, emphasizing" In order to adapt the demands of the economic and social development of urban and rural areas, it is the center to adjust and optimize the functions of the township government in accordance with the principle of decentralization and cooperation.
Finally, to explore the development path of governance of the township government in the process of integration of urban and rural development. Through the case of Jiangsu Province two township government governance survey, analysis framework of good governance to explain the development of governance of the township government is in the process of integration of urban and rural development in the process of seeking for factors affecting the development of township government governance. To construct "" as the core, the action of the main body of Township, county and township (town) government, non-governmental organizations, the cooperative governance between the farmers and the private sector; "thing" as the center, to optimize and adjust the management function of township government; in order to regulate the management behavior of the township government, the development of rural grassroots democracy, cultivate civil organization, realize the benign interaction multiple stakeholders and stakeholders, the establishment of a new harmonious rural pluralistic society structure.
The significance and objective of this study is to clear the governance of the township government development is not a spontaneous process, and one by the township government as the leading social active process of construction. The double development of township government governance, therefore based on need in the light of its general trend familiar with its inherent law, to curb the development of passive but the initiative, will be fully activated, thus speed up the integration of urban and rural development process of the modernization of the rural governance system.

【學位授予單位】：蘇州大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D625

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